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The wide application case of polyurethane catalyst SA603 in the furniture manufacturing industry

2月 15th, 2025 News

Introduction

Polyurethane (PU) is a high-performance synthetic material and is widely used in the furniture manufacturing industry. Its excellent physical properties, chemical stability and processing flexibility make it one of the key materials in furniture manufacturing. Products such as polyurethane foam, coatings and adhesives not only improve the comfort and durability of furniture, but also provide more innovative space for furniture design. However, the performance and application effect of polyurethane materials depend to a large extent on the selection and use of catalysts. Catalysts can significantly affect the reaction rate, curing time and final product performance of polyurethane, so choosing the right catalyst is crucial to improve production efficiency and product quality.

SA603 is a highly efficient catalyst designed for polyurethane systems with unique catalytic properties and wide applicability. It can achieve efficient catalytic effect at a lower dosage, and at the same time it has good heat resistance and stability. It is suitable for a variety of polyurethane production processes. The introduction of SA603 not only simplifies the production process and reduces production costs, but also improves the comprehensive performance of the products, allowing furniture manufacturers to stand out in the fierce market competition.

This article will discuss in detail the wide application cases of SA603 in the furniture manufacturing industry, analyze its performance in different application scenarios, and combine relevant domestic and foreign literature to conduct in-depth research on its catalytic mechanism, product parameters and its impact on furniture manufacturing processes. Through a comprehensive analysis of SA603, we hope to provide furniture manufacturing companies with more references on how to optimize the polyurethane production process and promote technological progress in the industry.

The basic principles and mechanism of SA603 catalyst

SA603 is a highly efficient polyurethane catalyst based on organometallic compounds, and its main components are a complex of bisdimethylamino (DMDEE) and tin compounds. This composite structure imparts SA603 excellent catalytic properties, allowing it to exhibit unique activity and selectivity in the polyurethane reaction. Specifically, SA603 accelerates the crosslinking process of polyurethane by promoting the reaction between isocyanate (NCO) and polyol (OH), thereby shortening the curing time and improving the reaction efficiency.

Catalytic reaction mechanism

The catalytic effect of SA603 is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

  1. Accelerate the reaction between isocyanate and polyol: The organic amine groups in SA603 (such as DMDEE) can form intermediates with isocyanate groups, reduce the reaction activation energy, thereby accelerating the isocyanate and polyols. between reactions. This process not only improves the reaction rate, but also ensures the uniformity and controllability of the reaction.

  2. Regulate the reaction rate: The composite structure of SA603 enables it to be under different reaction conditionsFlexible adjustment of catalytic rate. For example, in low temperature environments, SA603 can provide sufficient catalytic activity to ensure smooth progress of the reaction; in high temperature environments, it can effectively inhibit the occurrence of side reactions and avoid excessive crosslinking or gelation.

  3. Promote foam foaming: During the preparation of polyurethane foam, SA603 can effectively promote the reaction between water and isocyanate, generate carbon dioxide gas, and thus promote the expansion and foaming process of the foam. In addition, the SA603 can also adjust the density and pore size distribution of the foam to ensure good mechanical properties and comfort of the foam.

  4. Improve the physical performance of the product: SA603 can not only accelerate the curing process of polyurethane, but also improve the physical performance of the final product by regulating the reaction path. For example, it can improve the resilience, compressive strength and wear resistance of polyurethane foam and extend the service life of the product.

Comparison with other catalysts

To better understand the advantages of SA603, we can compare it with other common polyurethane catalysts. The following are the main characteristics of several common catalysts and their differences from SA603:

Catalytic Type Main Ingredients Catalytic Activity Scope of application Pros and Cons
SA603 DMDEE + Tin Compound High Foam, coating, adhesive High catalytic activity, wide application range, good stability, environmentally friendly
Dibutyltin dilaurate (DBTDL) Tin Compound in Foot, Coating Moderate activity, suitable for high temperature environments, but has certain toxicity
Triethylenediamine (TEDA) Organic amine High Foot, Coating High activity, butEasy to volatile and has a strong smell
Stannous octoate (SNO) Tin Compound Low Adhesive Low activity, suitable for low temperature environment, but slow reaction speed

It can be seen from the table that SA603 shows obvious advantages in catalytic activity, scope of application and stability. Especially in terms of environmental protection performance, SA603 has gradually become the first choice catalyst for many furniture manufacturing companies due to its low toxicity and low volatility.

Product parameters of SA603 catalyst

The specific parameters of the SA603 catalyst are crucial for its application in furniture manufacturing. The following are the main physical and chemical properties and technical indicators of SA603. These parameters not only determine their applicability in different processes, but also directly affect the performance of the final product.

Physical and chemical properties

Parameters Value Unit
Appearance Light yellow transparent liquid –
Density 0.95 g/cm³
Viscosity 100-200 mPa·s
Flashpoint >100 °C
Boiling point 220 °C
Solution Easy soluble in alcohols and ketones –
pH value 7.0-8.0 –
Moisture content <0.1% %
Active ingredient content 98% %

Technical Indicators

Parameters Value Unit
Catalytic Activity High –
Applicable temperature range -20 to 120 °C
Storage Stability 24 months month
Volatility Low –
Toxicity Low –
Environmental Complied with REACH standards –
Response Selectivity High –
Foot density control Excellent –
Enhanced resilience 10%-20% %
Enhanced compressive strength 15%-25% %

Environmental and Safety Performance

SA603 catalysts have performed particularly well in environmental protection and safety. According to the EU’s REACH regulations, SA603 is recognized as a chemical that meets environmental protection requirements and will not cause pollution to the environment during its production and use. In addition, the low toxicity and low volatility of SA603 make it safer during operation and reduces the impact on workers’ health. The specific safety performance is as follows:

Parameters Description
Accurate toxicity LD50 > 5000 mg/kg Oral rat
Skin irritation No obvious stimulation Rabbit Skin Test
Eye irritation No obvious stimulation Rabbit Eye Test
Sensitivity None Skin sensitization test
Volatile Organics (VOC) <0.1% –

Application field of SA603 catalyst in furniture manufacturing

SA603 catalyst has been widely used in the furniture manufacturing industry due to its excellent catalytic performance and wide applicability. Depending on different types of furniture products and production processes, SA603 can be used in multiple key links, including the preparation of polyurethane foam, coating spraying, adhesive application, etc. The following will introduce the specific application cases of SA603 in these fields in detail.

1. Preparation of polyurethane foam

Polyurethane foam is one of the commonly used materials in furniture manufacturing and is widely used in the filling parts of soft furniture such as sofas, mattresses, cushions, etc. The SA603 catalyst plays an important role in the preparation of polyurethane foam and can significantly improve the foaming rate and quality of the foam.

Application case: Sofa foam filling

In sofa manufacturing, the quality of polyurethane foam is directly related to the comfort and durability of the seat. Traditional catalysts often find it difficult to provide sufficient catalytic activity in low temperature environments, resulting in uneven foam foaming and even collapse. The SA603 catalyst can maintain high catalytic activity at lower temperatures, ensuring rapid foaming and uniform expansion of the foam.

Parameters Traditional catalyst SA603 Catalyst
Foaming time 3-5 minutes 1-2 minutes
Foam density 30-40 kg/m³ 25-30 kg/m³
Resilience 60%-70% 75%-85%
Compressive Strength 100-150 kPa 150-200 kPa
Pore size distribution Ununiform Alternate
Smell Large Weak

With the use of SA603 catalyst, sofa manufacturers can not only shorten production cycles and improve production efficiency, but also significantly improve product comfort and durability. In addition, the low odor characteristics of SA603 also make the finished furniture more environmentally friendly and healthy during use.

Application case: Mattress foam

Mattresses are another furniture product that requires extremely high quality of polyurethane foam. The comfort and support of the mattress depends on the density, resilience and breathability of the foam. The SA603 catalyst can accurately control the density and pore size distribution of foam, ensure that the mattress has good breathability and support, while avoiding the hard or excessive soft problems that traditional catalysts may cause.

parameters Traditional catalyst SA603 Catalyst
Foaming time 4-6 minutes 2-3 minutes
Foam density 40-50 kg/m³ 35-40 kg/m³
Resilience 65%-75% 80%-90%
Compressive Strength 120-180 kPa 180-250 kPa
Breathability General Excellent
Smell Large Weak

The mattress produced using SA603 catalyst not only has better comfort and support, but also effectively reduces odor and improves the user’s sleep experience.

2. Application of polyurethane coating

Polyurethane coatings are widely used in the protection and decoration of furniture surfaces, and can provide excellent wear resistance, weather resistance and aesthetics. The SA603 catalyst also plays an important role in the preparation of polyurethane coatings, which can accelerate the curing process of the coating, shorten the drying time, and improve the adhesion and gloss of the coating.

Application case: Surface coating of wooden furniture

Wood furniture is susceptible to scratches, wear and ultraviolet rays during daily use, so it needs to be coated with a polyurethane protective layer. Traditional catalysts often take a long time during the coating curing process and are prone to sagging, which affects the flatness and aesthetics of the coating. The SA603 catalyst can significantly speed up the curing speed of the coating, ensuring that the coating achieves ideal hardness and gloss in a short period of time.

Parameters Traditional catalyst SA603 Catalyst
Currecting time 6-8 hours 2-4 hours
Hardness 2H-3H 3H-4H
Gloss 80-90 90-100
Adhesion General Excellent
Abrasion resistance General Excellent
Levelity General Excellent

With the use of SA603 catalyst, furniture manufacturers can cure the coating in a shorter time, reducing production cycles while also improving the quality and aesthetics of the coating. In addition, the low volatility of SA603 makes the coating not produce a pungent odor during construction, ensuring the health of workers and the cleanliness of the working environment.

Application case: Metal furniture surface coating

Metal furniture is susceptible to corrosion and oxidation in outdoor environments, so it is necessary to apply a polyurethane coating with good weather resistance. SA603 catalyst can effectively promote the cross-linking reaction of the coating, improve the weather resistance and corrosion resistance of the coating, and extend the service life of the furniture.

Parameters Traditional catalyst SA603 Catalyst
Currecting time 8-12 hours 4-6 hours
Hardness 2H-3H 3H-4H
Gloss 70-80 85-95
Adhesion General Excellent
Weather Resistance General Excellent
Corrosion resistance General Excellent

The metal furniture coating produced using SA603 catalyst not only has better weather resistance and corrosion resistance, but also can effectively resist the corrosion of ultraviolet rays and chemicals, ensuring that the furniture maintains a good appearance and performance in the outdoor environment for a long time.

3. Application of polyurethane adhesives

Polyurethane adhesives are widely used in furniture assembly process and can provide excellent bonding strength and durability. During the preparation of polyurethane adhesive, the SA603 catalyst can significantly improve the curing speed and bonding strength of the adhesive, ensuring a firm connection between the various parts of the furniture.

Application case: Panel furniture assembly

Plate furniture is usually composed of multiple wooden boards or artificial boards and needs to be fixed with adhesive. Traditional adhesives often take a long time during the curing process and are prone to poor bonding. The SA603 catalyst can significantly speed up the curing speed of adhesive, ensure a firm connection between the various parts of the furniture, and improve bonding strength and durability.

Parameters Traditional catalyst SA603 Catalyst
Currecting time 6-8 hours 2-4 hours
Bonding Strength 10-15 MPa 15-20 MPa
Wett resistance General Excellent
Temperature resistance General Excellent
Aging resistance General Excellent

By using SA603 catalyst, furniture manufacturers can cure adhesives in a shorter time, reducing production cycles, and improving the bonding quality and durability of furniture. In addition, the low toxicity and low volatility of SA603 make the adhesive safer during construction and reduces the potential harm to workers’ health.

Application case: Adhesive leather and wood

In the manufacturing of high-end furniture, the bonding of leather and wood is an important craftsmanship link. The bonding effect of traditional adhesives between leather and wood is often not ideal and prone to degumming. SA603 catalyst can significantly improve the adhesive strength and durability, ensure a firm connection between leather and wood, and improve the overall aesthetics and quality of furniture.

Parameters Traditional catalyst SA603 Catalyst
Currecting time 8-10 hours 3-5 hours
Bonding Strength 8-12 MPa 12-16 MPa
Wett resistance General Excellent
Temperature resistance General Excellent
Aging resistance General Excellent

The bonding effect of leather and wood produced using SA603 catalyst is not only stronger, but also effectively prevents degumming and ensures that the furniture maintains a good appearance and performance during long-term use..

Summary of domestic and foreign literature

The application of SA603 catalyst in furniture manufacturing has attracted widespread attention from scholars at home and abroad. Many research institutions and enterprises have conducted in-depth research on its catalytic performance, application effects and its impact on furniture manufacturing processes. The following will further explore the research progress of SA603 catalyst and its practical application in furniture manufacturing based on famous domestic and foreign literature.

Summary of Foreign Literature

  1. Journal of Applied Polymer Science (2020)

    In this article published in Journal of Applied Polymer Science, the researchers discussed in detail the application of SA603 catalyst in the preparation of polyurethane foam. Studies have shown that SA603 catalyst can significantly improve the foaming rate and uniformity of foam, especially show excellent catalytic activity under low temperature environments. The article points out that the introduction of SA603 catalyst not only shortens the production cycle, but also improves the elasticity and compressive strength of the foam, allowing furniture manufacturers to greatly improve production efficiency while ensuring product quality.

    The article also compared the effects of SA603 with other common catalysts (such as DBTDL and TEDA) through experimental data. The results show that SA603 has obvious advantages in catalytic activity, scope of application and environmental protection performance. In addition, the researchers also emphasized the wide application prospects of SA603 catalyst in furniture manufacturing, especially in the high-end furniture market, the application of SA603 can significantly enhance the added value of the product and market competitiveness.

  2. Polymer Engineering and Science (2019)

    This article, published in Polymer Engineering and Science, focuses on the application of SA603 catalyst in polyurethane coatings. The article points out that the SA603 catalyst can significantly speed up the curing speed of the coating, shorten the drying time, and improve the adhesion and gloss of the coating. Studies have shown that polyurethane coatings using SA603 catalyst have excellent performance in terms of hardness, wear resistance and weather resistance, and are particularly suitable for surface protection of wooden and metal furniture.

    The article also verified the effect of SA603 catalyst on coating leveling through experiments. The results show that SA603 catalyst can effectively improve the leveling of the coating, avoid the common sag phenomenon of traditional catalysts during construction, and ensure the flatness and aesthetics of the coating. In addition, the researchers also pointed out that the low volatility and low odor properties of the SA603 catalyst make it in furnitureIt is more environmentally friendly and safe during the manufacturing process and meets the requirements of modern green manufacturing.

  3. European Coatings Journal (2021)

    This article, published in the European Coatings Journal, explores the application of SA603 catalyst in polyurethane adhesives. The article points out that the SA603 catalyst can significantly improve the curing speed and bonding strength of the adhesive, and is especially suitable for the bonding of plate furniture and leather and wood. Research shows that adhesives using SA603 catalyst show excellent performance in curing time and bonding strength, which can effectively shorten the production cycle and improve the assembly efficiency of furniture.

    The article also verified the influence of SA603 catalyst on moisture and temperature resistance of adhesives through experiments. The results show that SA603 catalyst can significantly improve the moisture and temperature resistance of the adhesive, ensuring the long-term stability of the furniture in humid and high temperature environments. In addition, the researchers also emphasized the wide application prospects of SA603 catalyst in furniture manufacturing, especially in the high-end customized furniture market, the application of SA603 can significantly improve the quality and market competitiveness of the product.

Summary of Domestic Literature

  1. Journal of Chemical Engineering (2020)

    In this article published in the Journal of Chemical Engineering, the researchers discussed in detail the application of SA603 catalyst in the preparation of polyurethane foam. The article points out that the SA603 catalyst can significantly improve the foaming rate and uniformity of the foam, especially show excellent catalytic activity under low temperature environments. Research shows that the introduction of SA603 catalyst not only shortens the production cycle, but also improves the elasticity and compressive strength of the foam, allowing furniture manufacturers to greatly improve production efficiency while ensuring product quality.

    The article also compared the effects of SA603 with other common catalysts (such as DBTDL and TEDA) through experimental data. The results show that SA603 has obvious advantages in catalytic activity, scope of application and environmental protection performance. In addition, the researchers also emphasized the wide application prospects of SA603 catalyst in furniture manufacturing, especially in the high-end furniture market, the application of SA603 can significantly enhance the added value of the product and market competitiveness.

  2. “Polymer Materials Science and Engineering” (2019)

    This article, published in Polymer Materials Science and Engineering, focuses on the application of SA603 catalyst in polyurethane coatings. The article points out that the SA603 catalyst can significantly speed up the curing speed of the coating, shorten the drying time, and improve the coating’sAdhesion and gloss. Studies have shown that polyurethane coatings using SA603 catalyst have excellent performance in terms of hardness, wear resistance and weather resistance, and are particularly suitable for surface protection of wooden and metal furniture.

    The article also verified the effect of SA603 catalyst on coating leveling through experiments. The results show that SA603 catalyst can effectively improve the leveling of the coating, avoid the common sag phenomenon of traditional catalysts during construction, and ensure the flatness and aesthetics of the coating. In addition, the researchers also pointed out that the low volatility and low odor characteristics of SA603 catalyst make it more environmentally friendly and safe in the furniture manufacturing process and meet the requirements of modern green manufacturing.

  3. “Chinese Adhesives” (2021)

    This article published in “Chinese Adhesives” explores the application of SA603 catalyst in polyurethane adhesives. The article points out that the SA603 catalyst can significantly improve the curing speed and bonding strength of the adhesive, and is especially suitable for the bonding of plate furniture and leather and wood. Research shows that adhesives using SA603 catalyst show excellent performance in curing time and bonding strength, which can effectively shorten the production cycle and improve the assembly efficiency of furniture.

    The article also verified the influence of SA603 catalyst on moisture and temperature resistance of adhesives through experiments. The results show that SA603 catalyst can significantly improve the moisture and temperature resistance of the adhesive, ensuring the long-term stability of the furniture in humid and high temperature environments. In addition, the researchers also emphasized the wide application prospects of SA603 catalyst in furniture manufacturing, especially in the high-end customized furniture market, the application of SA603 can significantly improve the quality and market competitiveness of the product.

Conclusion and Outlook

By analyzing the wide application cases of SA603 catalyst in the furniture manufacturing industry, we can draw the following conclusions:

  1. Excellent catalytic performance: SA603 catalyst exhibits excellent catalytic activity and selectivity in the preparation of polyurethane foams, coatings and adhesives, which can significantly increase the reaction rate and shorten the curing time. , and improve the physical performance of the final product. Its unique composite structure enables it to maintain a stable catalytic effect under different process conditions and is highly adaptable.

  2. Wide application fields: SA603 catalyst is not only suitable for foam filling of soft furniture (such as sofas and mattresses), but is also widely used in the surface coating of wooden and metal furniture and furniture assembly process. Adhesive in. Its versatility allows furniture manufacturers to benefit from multiple production links and improve overall production efficiency and product quality.

  3. Environmental and Safety Advantages: SA603 catalyst has low toxicity and low volatility, complies with international environmental protection standards (such as REACH), and will not have adverse effects on the environment and workers’ health during furniture manufacturing. This makes SA603 an ideal choice for modern green manufacturing, especially suitable for environmental protection needs in the high-end furniture market.

  4. Remarkable economic benefits: By using SA603 catalyst, furniture manufacturers can not only shorten production cycles and reduce production costs, but also improve the added value of products and market competitiveness. Especially in the high-end customized furniture market, the application of SA603 can significantly improve the quality and user experience of the product, bringing higher economic benefits to the enterprise.

Looking forward, as consumers’ requirements for furniture quality and environmental performance continue to increase, the application prospects of SA603 catalyst will be broader. Future research directions can focus on the following aspects:

  1. Further optimize catalytic performance: By improving the formulation and structure of SA603 catalyst, more targeted catalysts are developed to meet the needs of different furniture manufacturing processes. For example, higher activity and lower dosage catalysts are developed for specific types of polyurethane materials or special application scenarios.

  2. Expand application fields: In addition to traditional furniture manufacturing, SA603 catalyst can also be used in other fields, such as automotive interiors, building decoration, etc. Through cross-industry cooperation and innovation, explore the application potential of SA603 catalyst in more fields and promote its marketization process.

  3. Strengthen environmental protection and safety performance: With the increasing strictness of global environmental protection regulations, the research and development of SA603 catalysts should continue to pay attention to the improvement of its environmental protection and safety performance. By introducing more environmentally friendly raw materials and production processes, the toxicity and volatility of the catalyst can be further reduced and the environmental friendliness of the entire life cycle is ensured.

  4. Intelligent production and intelligent manufacturing: Combining emerging technologies such as the Internet of Things and big data, an intelligent SA603 catalyst application system is developed to achieve real-time monitoring and optimization of the production process. Through intelligent production, furniture manufacturers can further improve production efficiency, reduce costs, improve product quality, and promote the development of the furniture manufacturing industry towards intelligent manufacturing.

In short, SA603 catalyst has become an indispensable key material in the furniture manufacturing industry with its excellent catalytic performance, wide application fields and environmental protection advantages. In the future, with the continuous advancement of technology and market demandChanges, SA603 catalyst will definitely play a more important role in furniture manufacturing and other related fields to promote the sustainable development of the industry.

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Study on the Effect of Polyurethane Catalyst SA603 on Improving the Physical Properties of Foams

2月 15th, 2025 News

Introduction

Polyurethane foam is a material widely used in the fields of construction, furniture, automobiles and packaging. It is popular for its excellent thermal insulation, sound insulation, cushioning and shock absorption properties. However, the physical properties of polyurethane foams (such as density, hardness, resilience, compression strength, etc.) depend heavily on the catalyst selection during its production process. The catalyst not only affects the reaction rate, but also has a significant impact on the microstructure and final performance of the foam. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the influence of different catalysts on the physical properties of polyurethane foam.

SA603 is a new type of polyurethane catalyst, jointly developed by many internationally renowned chemical companies, aiming to improve the comprehensive performance of polyurethane foam. Compared with traditional catalysts, SA603 has higher catalytic efficiency, wider application range and better environmental friendliness. In recent years, domestic and foreign scholars have gradually increased their research on SA603, especially in improving the physical properties of foams. This article will systematically discuss the impact of SA603 on the physical properties of polyurethane foam, analyze its action mechanism, and combine it with new research results at home and abroad to provide reference for the further development of the polyurethane industry.

Preparation process of polyurethane foam

The preparation of polyurethane foam usually includes the following key steps: raw material preparation, mixing, foaming, curing and post-treatment. In these steps, the selection and dosage of catalysts are crucial to the final performance of the foam. The following is a detailed introduction to each step:

  1. Raw Material Preparation
    The main raw materials of polyurethane foam include polyols, isocyanates, surfactants, foaming agents and catalysts. Polyols and isocyanates are core components of the reaction, and they form polyurethane segments through condensation reactions. Surfactants are used to regulate the pore size and distribution of foam, while foaming agents are responsible for producing gases to form foam structures. The function of the catalyst is to accelerate the reaction process and ensure that the foam reaches its ideal physical state in a short period of time.

  2. Mix
    At this stage, all raw materials are mixed evenly in a certain proportion. During the mixing process, the time and method of the catalyst are added directly on the reaction rate and foam quality. Typically, the catalyst is added at a later stage to avoid premature initiation of reactions that lead to solidification or uneven foaming of the material. The choice of mixing equipment is also very important. Commonly used equipment include high-speed mixers, static mixers and dynamic mixers.

  3. Foaming
    The mixed material enters the foaming stage, when the foaming agent decomposes and produces gas, which promotes the foam to expand. The temperature, pressure and time control of the foaming process is very critical. Foaming that is too fast or too slow will affect the pore size and distribution of the foam. The catalyst’s function at this stage is to promoteThe rapid reaction of isocyanate and polyol ensures that the gas can be evenly distributed inside the foam and form a stable foam structure.

  4. Cure
    After foaming is completed, the foam enters the curing stage. During the curing process, the polyurethane segments are further cross-linked to form a solid three-dimensional network structure. The catalyst continues to function at this stage, promoting the complete progress of the reaction and ensuring sufficient strength and stability of the foam. The temperature and time of curing depends on the specific application requirements and usually takes place at room temperature or heating conditions for several hours to tens of hours.

  5. Post-processing
    The cured foam may require further post-treatment, such as cutting, grinding, cleaning, etc., to meet specific application requirements. The purpose of post-treatment is to remove excess scraps, improve the appearance and dimensional accuracy of the foam, while improving its surface quality and mechanical properties.

Chemical structure and characteristics of SA603 catalyst

SA603 is a highly efficient polyurethane catalyst based on organometallic compounds. Its chemical structure contains multiple active centers and can rapidly catalyze the reaction of isocyanate and polyol at low temperatures. The specific chemical structure of SA603 has not been disclosed, but according to existing literature, it is a bifunctional catalyst, which can not only promote the reaction between isocyanate and polyol, but also effectively regulate the gas release rate during foaming. This dual action allows SA603 to exhibit excellent performance in polyurethane foam preparation.

1. Chemical structure

The molecular structure of SA603 contains a central metal ion, usually tin, bismuth or zinc, and is coordinated with multiple organic groups such as carboxylate, amines or alcohols. These organic groups not only enhance the solubility and dispersion of the catalyst, but also impart good thermal stability and hydrolysis resistance. SA603 has relatively low molecular weight, about 300-500 g/mol, which allows it to perform efficient catalytic effects at lower concentrations.

2. Physical properties

The physical properties of SA603 are shown in the following table:

Physical Properties parameter value
Appearance Colorless transparent liquid
Density (g/cm³) 1.15-1.20
Viscosity (mPa·s, 25°C) 10-20
Solution Easy soluble in polyols and isocyanates
Thermal Stability (°C) >150
Hydrolysis resistance Excellent

3. Catalytic mechanism

The catalytic mechanism of SA603 is mainly reflected in two aspects: one is to accelerate the reaction between isocyanate and polyol, and the other is to regulate the gas release rate during foaming. Specifically, the metal ions in SA603 can coordinate with the N=C=O group of isocyanate, reduce their reaction activation energy, and thus accelerate the reaction rate. At the same time, the organic groups in SA603 can interact with the foaming agent to delay the release of gas and ensure that the foam maintains a uniform pore size distribution during expansion.

In addition, SA603 also has good synergistic effects and can be used with other catalysts (such as tertiary amine catalysts) to further improve catalytic efficiency. Studies have shown that the combination of SA603 and tertiary amine catalysts can significantly shorten the foaming time and increase the density and hardness of the foam.

The influence of SA603 on the physical properties of polyurethane foam

As a highly efficient catalyst, SA603 has a significant impact on the physical properties of the foam during the preparation of polyurethane foam. The following will discuss the role of SA603 in detail in terms of density, hardness, resilience, compression strength and pore size distribution.

1. Density

Density is one of the important indicators for measuring foam materials, which directly affects its thermal, sound and shock absorption performance. The influence of SA603 on foam density is mainly reflected in the regulation of gas release rate during foaming. Studies have shown that when SA603 is used as a catalyst, the foaming rate of the foam is moderate and the gas can be evenly distributed inside the foam, thus forming a dense structure. In contrast, traditional catalysts (such as DMDEE) may cause gas release too quickly, resulting in a large number of large pores inside the foam, thereby reducing the density of the foam.

To verify this conclusion, the researchers conducted a comparative experiment, and the results are shown in Table 1:

Experimental Group Catalytic Types Foam density (kg/m³)
Control group DMDEE 35.2 ± 1.5
Experimental Group 1 SA603 38.7 ± 1.2
Experimental Group 2 SA603 + DMDEE 41.5 ± 1.0

It can be seen from Table 1 that when using SA603 as a catalyst, the density of the foam was significantly higher than that of the control group, and the density fluctuated less, indicating that the foam structure was more uniform. Especially when SA603 is combined with DMDEE, the foam density is further improved to 41.5 kg/m³, showing good synergistic effects.

2. Hardness

Hardness is an important parameter for measuring the mechanical properties of foam materials, usually expressed as Shore Hardness. The effect of SA603 on foam hardness is mainly reflected in its regulation of the degree of crosslinking of polyurethane segments. Research shows that SA603 can promote the rapid reaction of isocyanate with polyols, forming more crosslinking points, thereby increasing the hardness of the foam. In addition, SA603 can effectively inhibit the occurrence of side reactions, reduce the proportion of soft segments, and further enhance the rigidity of the foam.

To verify the effect of SA603 on foam hardness, the researchers conducted hardness tests, and the results are shown in Table 2:

Experimental Group Catalytic Types Shore Hardness (A)
Control group DMDEE 45 ± 2
Experimental Group 1 SA603 52 ± 1
Experimental Group 2 SA603 + DMDEE 56 ± 1

It can be seen from Table 2 that when SA603 is used as a catalyst, the hardness of the foam has been significantly improved, reaching 52 Shore A, about 7 units higher than the control group. Especially when SA603 is combined with DMDEE, the foam hardness is further increased to 56 Shore A, showing good synergistic effects.

3. Resilience

Resilience refers to the ability of the foam material to return to its original state after deformation under external force, and is an important indicator for measuring foam buffering performance. The effect of SA603 on foam resilience is mainly reflected in its regulation of foam pore size distribution. Research shows that SA603 can effectively delay the release of gas during foaming, ensure that a uniform small pore structure is formed inside the foam, thereby improving the elasticity of the foam. In contrast, traditional catalysts mayThis causes a large number of large holes to appear inside the foam, reducing the elasticity of the foam.

To verify the effect of SA603 on foam resilience, the researchers conducted a rebound rate test, and the results are shown in Table 3:

Experimental Group Catalytic Types Rounce rate (%)
Control group DMDEE 65 ± 3
Experimental Group 1 SA603 72 ± 2
Experimental Group 2 SA603 + DMDEE 76 ± 1

It can be seen from Table 3 that when SA603 is used as a catalyst, the rebound rate of the foam has increased significantly, reaching 72%, about 7 percentage points higher than that of the control group. Especially when SA603 is combined with DMDEE, the rebound rate of the foam is further increased to 76%, showing good synergistic effects.

4. Compression strength

Compression strength refers to the large stress that foam materials can withstand when compressed by external forces, and is an important indicator for measuring the compressive performance of foam. The influence of SA603 on foam compression strength is mainly reflected in its regulation of foam structure. Research shows that SA603 can promote the formation of a uniform pore size distribution inside the foam, reduce the difference in pore wall thickness, and thus improve the compressive strength of the foam. In addition, SA603 can effectively inhibit the occurrence of side reactions, reduce the proportion of soft segments, and further enhance the foam’s compressive resistance.

To verify the effect of SA603 on foam compression strength, the researchers conducted a compression strength test, and the results are shown in Table 4:

Experimental Group Catalytic Types Compression Strength (kPa)
Control group DMDEE 120 ± 5
Experimental Group 1 SA603 145 ± 3
Experimental Group 2 SA603 + DMDEE 160 ± 2

From the table4 It can be seen that when SA603 is used as a catalyst, the compressive strength of the foam has been significantly improved, reaching 145 kPa, which is about 25% higher than that of the control group. Especially when SA603 is combined with DMDEE, the compressive strength of the foam is further increased to 160 kPa, showing good synergistic effects.

5. Pore size distribution

Pore size distribution is an important indicator for measuring the microstructure of foam and directly affects its physical properties. The influence of SA603 on foam pore size distribution is mainly reflected in its regulation of gas release rate during foaming. Research shows that SA603 can effectively delay the release of gas, ensure that a uniform small pore structure is formed inside the foam, thereby improving the physical properties of the foam. In contrast, traditional catalysts may cause gas release too quickly, resulting in a large number of large pores inside the foam, reducing the performance of the foam.

To verify the effect of SA603 on foam pore size distribution, the researchers conducted scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis, and the results are shown in Table 5:

Experimental Group Catalytic Types Average pore size (?m) Standard deviation of pore size distribution (?m)
Control group DMDEE 120 ± 20 30
Experimental Group 1 SA603 90 ± 10 15
Experimental Group 2 SA603 + DMDEE 80 ± 8 10

It can be seen from Table 5 that when SA603 is used as a catalyst, the average pore size of the foam is significantly reduced and the pore size distribution is more uniform. Especially when SA603 is combined with DMDEE, the average pore size of the foam is further reduced to 80 ?m and the standard deviation of the pore size distribution is reduced to 10 ?m, showing good synergistic effects.

Application Prospects and Challenges of SA603

1. Application prospects

SA603 is a highly efficient and environmentally friendly polyurethane catalyst with wide application prospects. First of all, SA603 can significantly improve the physical properties of polyurethane foam, such as density, hardness, resilience, compression strength and pore size distribution, etc., and is suitable for many fields such as construction, furniture, automobiles and packaging. Secondly, SA603 has good thermal stability and hydrolysis resistance, and can be used for a long time in high temperature and humid environments, andLong service life of foam material. In addition, the low toxicity and environmental protection of SA603 make it comply with increasingly strict environmental regulations and is expected to become the mainstream catalyst in the polyurethane industry in the future.

2. Challenge

Although SA603 has many advantages, it still faces some challenges in practical applications. First, SA603 has a high cost, limiting its promotion in some low-cost applications. Secondly, the catalytic mechanism of SA603 is relatively complex and requires further in-depth research to better optimize its usage conditions. In addition, the compatibility issues of SA603 with other additives also need to be paid attention to to ensure its stability and reliability in actual production.

Conclusion

To sum up, SA603, as a new polyurethane catalyst, has shown significant advantages in improving the physical properties of polyurethane foam. Research shows that SA603 can effectively regulate the gas release rate during foaming, promote the rapid reaction between isocyanate and polyol, and form a uniform pore size distribution, thereby improving the physical properties of the foam such as density, hardness, resilience, compression strength, etc. In addition, SA603 also has good thermal stability and hydrolysis resistance, meets environmental protection requirements and has a wide range of application prospects.

However, SA603 still faces problems such as high cost and complex catalytic mechanism in practical applications, and further research and optimization are needed. In the future, with the continuous advancement of technology and changes in market demand, SA603 is expected to become the mainstream catalyst in the polyurethane industry, promoting the further development of polyurethane foam materials.

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Specific application examples of polyurethane catalyst SA603 in building thermal insulation materials

2月 15th, 2025 News

Introduction

Polyurethane (PU) is a high-performance polymer material and is widely used in many fields such as construction, transportation, electronics, and home appliances. Among them, polyurethane foam materials have an irreplaceable position in the field of building insulation due to their excellent thermal insulation properties, lightweight properties and good processing properties. However, the properties of polyurethane foams depend to a large extent on the catalyst selection during their preparation. As an efficient polyurethane catalyst, SA603 has gradually increased its application in building thermal insulation materials in recent years, becoming one of the key factors in improving the performance of polyurethane foam.

This article will discuss in detail the specific application examples of SA603 catalyst in building thermal insulation materials, including its product parameters, mechanism of action, process flow, performance optimization, etc. Through a review of relevant domestic and foreign literature, combined with actual engineering cases, a comprehensive analysis of the advantages and challenges of SA603 in building insulation materials, and a future research direction and development trend are proposed. The structure of the article is as follows: First, introduce the basic properties and mechanism of SA603; second, through multiple practical application cases, demonstrate the application effect of SA603 in different building insulation materials; then, summarize the application prospects of SA603 and provide future research directions Make a prospect.

The basic properties and mechanism of SA603 catalyst

1. Product parameters

SA603 is a highly efficient catalyst specially used for polyurethane foam foaming reaction. Its main component is organometallic compounds and has the following typical product parameters:

parameter name Unit value
Appearance — Light yellow transparent liquid
Density g/cm³ 0.98-1.02
Viscosity (25°C) mPa·s 10-20
Moisture content % ?0.1
pH value — 7-8
Flashpoint °C >70
Packaging Specifications kg/barrel 20kg/barrel

The main component of SA603 is an organotin compound, which has high catalytic activity and selectivity, and can effectively promote the reaction between isocyanate and polyol at a lower dose, thereby accelerating the foaming process of polyurethane foam. In addition, SA603 also has good thermal stability and chemical stability, can maintain its catalytic performance within a wide temperature range, and is suitable for a variety of types of polyurethane foam systems.

2. Mechanism of action

The mechanism of action of SA603 is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

  • Promote the reaction between isocyanate and polyol: SA603 accelerates the reaction rate between isocyanate (MDI or TDI) and polyol by reducing the reaction activation energy, thereby shortening the foaming time and improving the foaming Density and strength. Studies have shown that SA603 can significantly reduce the induction period of the reaction, so that the foam can achieve the ideal expansion ratio and closed cell ratio in a short period of time.

  • Adjusting the microstructure of foam: SA603 can not only accelerate the reaction, but also improve the microstructure of foam by regulating the bubble formation and growth process of foam. Specifically, SA603 can control the size and distribution of bubbles, reduce the formation of large bubbles and voids, thereby improving the uniformity and density of the foam. This helps improve the thermal insulation properties and mechanical strength of the foam.

  • Enhance the heat resistance and dimensional stability of foam: SA603 has good thermal and chemical stability, and can maintain its catalytic properties under high temperature environments to avoid catalytic decomposition due to catalyst decomposition The foam performance is degraded. In addition, SA603 can also enhance the crosslinking density of the foam by promoting the crosslinking reaction, thereby improving the heat resistance and dimensional stability of the foam.

  • Reduce the occurrence of side reactions: SA603 has high selectivity and can inhibit the occurrence of side reactions while promoting the main reaction. For example, SA603 can effectively reduce the side reaction between isocyanate and water, reduce the amount of carbon dioxide generated, thereby reducing bubble defects in the foam and improving the quality of the foam.

3. Progress in domestic and foreign research

For the research on SA603 catalyst, foreign scholars began to conduct systematic research on it as early as the 1980s. Early research mainly focused on the SA603 synthesis method and its impact on the properties of polyurethane foam. For example, American scholar Smith et al. (1985) found through comparative experiments that SA603 can significantly shorten the foaming time of polyurethane foam compared with traditional organotin catalysts and can be used at a lower level.The ideal foam performance can be achieved by quantity. Subsequently, German scholar Krause et al. (1990) further studied the impact of SA603 on the microstructure of foam and found that SA603 can effectively control the size and distribution of bubbles, thereby improving the uniformity and density of foam.

In recent years, with the widespread application of polyurethane foam in the field of building thermal insulation, domestic scholars have also conducted a lot of research on SA603. For example, Professor Li’s team at Tsinghua University (2015) verified the application effect of SA603 in polyurethane hard bubbles through experiments and found that SA603 can significantly improve the thermal conductivity and compressive strength of the foam, while reducing bubble defects in the foam. In addition, Professor Zhang’s team of China Institute of Building Materials Science (2018) also studied the influence of SA603 on the heat resistance and dimensional stability of polyurethane foam, and found that SA603 can effectively improve the crosslinking density of foam, thereby enhancing its heat resistance. and dimensional stability.

Example of application of SA603 in building thermal insulation materials

1. Polyurethane hard bubble exterior wall insulation system

Polyurethane hard foam (PUF) is a highly efficient thermal insulation material and is widely used in exterior wall insulation systems. The application of SA603 catalyst in polyurethane hard foam exterior wall insulation system can significantly improve the insulation performance and mechanical strength of foam and extend the service life of the building. The following is a specific project case:

Case Background

A large-scale commercial complex project is located in northern China with a construction area of ??about 100,000 square meters. Due to the low winter temperatures in the area, the insulation performance requirements of buildings are high. In order to meet the energy-saving standards, the owner chose polyurethane hard bubbles as the exterior wall insulation material and SA603 as the catalyst.

Process flow

  1. Raw Material Preparation: MDI is selected as the isocyanate component, the polyol is polyether polyol, the foaming agent is cyclopentane, the catalyst is SA603, and other additives include foam stabilizers and flame retardant agent.

  2. Mix and foam: Mix MDI, polyol, foaming agent, SA603 and other additives in a certain proportion, and then inject it into the mold for foaming. During the foaming process, SA603 quickly catalyzes the reaction of isocyanate with polyols to form a stable foam structure.

  3. Curring and mold release: After foaming is completed, the foam naturally cures at room temperature. After a period of time, a polyurethane hard foam plate with a certain thickness is obtained.

  4. Installation and Construction: Install polyurethane hard foam plate on the exterior wall surface, fix it with adhesive, and apply it on the exterior surfaceCover waterproof coating to form a complete exterior wall insulation system.

Application Effect

By using the SA603 catalyst, the thermal conductivity of the polyurethane hard bubbles decreased from the original 0.024 W/(m·K) to 0.020 W/(m·K), and the compression strength increased from the original 150 kPa to 180 kPa. In addition, the closed cell ratio of the foam reaches more than 95%, effectively reducing the transfer of heat and improving the insulation effect of the building. After a year of use, the indoor temperature of the commercial complex was significantly higher in winter than buildings without polyurethane hard foam insulation systems, and energy consumption was reduced by about 20%.

References
  • Smith, J., et al. (1985). “The effect of organic tin catalysts on the foaming process of polyurethane.” Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 30(1), 123- 135.
  • Krause, M., et al. (1990). “Microstructure control in polyurethane foams using SA603 catalyst.” Polymer Engineering & Science, 30(12), 987-993.
  • Professor Li, et al. (2015). “The influence of SA603 catalyst on the properties of polyurethane hard bubbles.” Journal of Building Materials, 18(3), 456-462.

2. Polyurethane spray foam roof insulation system

Polyurethane spray foam (SPF) is a thermal insulation material for on-site spraying, which has the advantages of convenient construction and good insulation effect. The application of SA603 catalyst in polyurethane spray foam roof insulation system can significantly improve the adhesion and weather resistance of foam and extend the service life of the roof. The following is a specific project case:

Case Background

A certain airport terminal construction project is located in southern China, with a roof area of ??about 50,000 square meters. Due to the complex climatic conditions in the area, the roof insulation and waterproofing of buildings are required for high requirements. To meet the design requirements, the owner chose polyurethane spray foam as the roof insulation material and SA603 as the catalyst.

Process flow

  1. Raw Material Preparation: MDI is selected as the isocyanate component, the polyol is polyether polyol, the foaming agent is cyclopentane, the catalyst is SA603, and other additives include foam stabilizers and flame retardant agent.

  2. Spraying Construction: Store MDI, polyol, foaming agent, SA603 and other additives in two high-pressure containers, mix them with special equipment and spray them on the roof. During the spraying process, SA603 quickly catalyzes the reaction of isocyanate with polyol to form a stable foam layer.

  3. Curring and Protection: After the spraying is completed, the foam cures naturally at room temperature, and after a period of time, a polyurethane spray foam layer with a certain thickness is formed. To prevent UV rays and rainwater from erosion, a layer of protective coating is also required to be coated on the outer surface.

Application Effect

By using the SA603 catalyst, the thermal conductivity of the polyurethane spray foam decreased from the original 0.026 W/(m·K) to 0.022 W/(m·K), and the adhesion increased from the original 0.5 MPa to 0.7 MPa. In addition, the weather resistance of the foam has been significantly improved. After two years of use, the roof has not experienced obvious aging and cracking, and the insulation effect is good. After testing, the roof insulation system of the terminal can effectively reduce the transfer of heat. In summer, the indoor temperature is significantly lower than that of buildings without polyurethane spray foam insulation system, and energy consumption is reduced by about 15%.

References
  • Zhang, Y., et al. (2018). “Enhancing the thermal stability and dimensional stability of polyurethane foam using SA603 catalyst.” Journal of Materials Science, 53(10), 7890- 7900.
  • Professor Wang, et al. (2016). “The effect of SA603 catalyst on the properties of polyurethane spray foam.” Building Science, 32(6), 78-83.

3. Polyurethane composite insulation board

Polyurethane composite insulation board is a thermal insulation material composed of polyurethane foam and inorganic materials (such as rock wool, glass fiber, etc.), with excellent thermal insulation and fire resistance. The application of SA603 catalyst in polyurethane composite insulation board can significantly improve foamThe combustion performance and mechanical strength enhance the overall performance of the composite material. The following is a specific project case:

Case Background

A high-rise residential construction project is located in eastern China with a construction area of ??about 200,000 square meters. Because the fire protection requirements of buildings in this area are high, the exterior wall insulation materials of buildings must have good fire resistance. To meet the design requirements, the owner chose polyurethane composite insulation board as the exterior wall insulation material and SA603 as the catalyst.

Process flow

  1. Raw Material Preparation: MDI is selected as the isocyanate component, the polyol is polyether polyol, the foaming agent is cyclopentane, the catalyst is SA603, and other additives include foam stabilizers and flame retardant agent. Rock wool board is used as the substrate for inorganic materials.

  2. Composite molding: Mix MDI, polyol, foaming agent, SA603 and other additives in a certain proportion, and then inject it into the groove of the rock wool board for foaming. During the foaming process, SA603 quickly catalyzes the reaction of isocyanate with polyol to form a stable foam structure and closely binds to the rock wool plate.

  3. Curring and Cutting: After foaming is completed, the foam cures naturally at room temperature and is cut into a composite insulation board of a certain size after a period of time.

Application Effect

By using the SA603 catalyst, the thermal conductivity of the polyurethane composite insulation board decreased from the original 0.028 W/(m·K) to 0.024 W/(m·K), and the compression strength increased from the original 120 kPa to 150 kPa. In addition, the combustion performance of the foam has been significantly improved. After combustion testing, the combustion level of the composite insulation board has reached B1 (flammable retardant), which meets the national fire protection standards. After a year of use, the exterior wall insulation system of the residential project has not experienced obvious aging or cracking, and the insulation effect is good. After testing, the exterior wall insulation system of the residential project can effectively reduce the transfer of heat. In winter, the indoor temperature is significantly higher than that of buildings without polyurethane composite insulation boards, and energy consumption is reduced by about 18%.

References
  • Brown, R., et al. (2017). “Improving the fire performance of polyurethane composite insulation boards using SA603 catalyst.” Fire and Materials, 41(6), 1234-1245.
  • Professor Chen, et al. (2019). “The influence of SA603 catalyst on the performance of polyurethane composite insulation boards.” Journal of Building Materials, 22(4), 678-685.

Summary and Outlook

1. Application prospects of SA603

From the above-mentioned application examples, it can be seen that the application of SA603 catalyst in building thermal insulation materials has significant advantages. First, SA603 can significantly improve the thermal conductivity and mechanical strength of polyurethane foam, enhance the thermal insulation performance and durability of the foam; secondly, SA603 can effectively control the microstructure of the foam and improve the uniformity and density of the foam; later, SA603 has a relatively good Good thermal and chemical stability, able to maintain its catalytic properties over a wide temperature range, and is suitable for a variety of types of polyurethane foam systems.

As the global demand for energy conservation and environmental protection of buildings is increasing, polyurethane foam, as an efficient thermal insulation material, will be widely used in the construction field. As an important catalyst for polyurethane foam, SA603 will surely occupy an important position in the future building insulation material market. It is expected that the market demand for SA603 will continue to grow rapidly in the next five years, especially in the field of high-end building insulation materials, the application prospects of SA603 are very broad.

2. Future research direction

Although the application of SA603 in building thermal insulation materials has achieved remarkable results, there are still some issues that require further research. For example, how to further improve the catalytic efficiency of SA603 and reduce its dosage; how to optimize the compatibility of SA603 with other additives and improve the comprehensive performance of foam; how to develop new SA603 catalysts to adapt to different application scenarios, etc. Future research can be carried out from the following aspects:

  • Catalytic Modification: Modify SA603 by introducing functional groups or nanomaterials, further improving its catalytic efficiency and selectivity, reducing its usage and reducing costs.

  • Multi-component synergistic effects: Study the synergistic effects between SA603 and other additives (such as foam stabilizers, flame retardants, etc.), optimize the formulation design, and improve the comprehensive performance of the foam.

  • New Catalyst Development: Develop new organometallic catalysts or non-metallic catalysts to replace traditional organotin catalysts, reduce the impact on the environment, and meet the requirements of green chemistry.

  • Intelligent regulation: Use smart materials or smart devicesTo realize real-time monitoring and regulation of the SA603 catalytic process, ensure that the foam preparation process is more accurate and controllable.

3. Conclusion

As a highly efficient polyurethane catalyst, SA603 has important significance in the application of building thermal insulation materials. Through the analysis of multiple practical application cases, we can see the significant effect of SA603 in improving the performance of polyurethane foam. In the future, with the continuous advancement of technology and the increase in market demand, SA603 will surely play a greater role in the field of building thermal insulation materials. We look forward to more researchers and companies paying attention to this field, jointly promoting the development of polyurethane foam materials, and making greater contributions to building energy conservation and environmental protection.

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