The leader of China special amines-

Articles posted by: admin

Home / admin

Degradation pathways of 1-isobutyl-2-methylimidazole and its long-term monitoring data on environmental impact

2月 18th, 2025 News

Overview of 1-isobutyl-2-methylimidazole

1-isobutyl-2-methylimidazole (1-Isobutyl-2-methylimidazole, referred to as IBMMI) is an organic compound and belongs to an imidazole derivative. Due to its unique chemical structure and physical properties, this type of compound has a wide range of applications in the fields of industry, agriculture and medicine. As an important heterocyclic compound, imidazole ring has high thermal and chemical stability, so it plays a key role in a variety of functional materials.

The molecular formula of IBMMI is C9H14N2 and the molecular weight is 158.22 g/mol. Its chemical structure consists of an imidazole ring and two side chains: one isobutyl (-CH(CH3)2) and the other is methyl (-CH3). This structure imparts good solubility to IBMMI, making it compatible with a variety of solvents, especially in polar solvents. In addition, IBMMI also has certain hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity, which makes it have potential application value in the fields of surfactants, catalysts and drug delivery systems.

In practical applications, IBMMI is mainly used as a precursor for high-efficiency catalysts, polymer additives and functional materials. For example, in organic synthesis, IBMMI can serve as an acid or basic catalyst to promote the progress of various reactions; in polymer science, it can be used to prepare polymer materials with special properties, such as high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, etc.; In the field of medicine, IBMMI and its derivatives have been studied to develop novel drug carriers to improve the targeting and bioavailability of drugs.

However, with the widespread use of IBMMI, its impact on the environment has gradually attracted people’s attention. As an organic compound, IBMMI may degrade in the natural environment, resulting in a series of intermediate and final products. Whether these degradation products pose a threat to ecosystems and human health has become an urgent issue. Therefore, a deep understanding of IBMMI’s degradation pathways and its long-term impact on the environment is of great significance to ensuring ecological security and sustainable development.

Next, we will explore in detail the degradation pathways of IBMMI, including its degradation mechanism under different environmental conditions, the main degradation products, and possible toxic effects.

IBMMI degradation pathway

1. Biodegradation

Biodegradation refers to the process in which microorganisms decompose organic compounds into simple inorganic substances through metabolic action. For IBMMI, biodegradation is one of the main ways it degrades in the natural environment. Studies have shown that certain bacteria and fungi are able to use IBMMI as a carbon and nitrogen source to gradually convert them into simpler compounds. Here are some common biodegradation pathways:

Microbial species Degradation products References
Pseudomonas putida , ammonia [1]
Bacillus subtilis , ammonia [2]
Fusarium oxysporum Formic acid, carbon dioxide [3]

Under the action of these microorganisms, IBMMI will first be oxidized to the corresponding carboxylic acid or ketone compounds, and then further decompose into small-molecular organic acids and inorganic substances. For example, Pseudomonas putida can oxidize the isobutyl moiety in IBMMI to while releasing ammonia. This process not only reduces the toxicity of IBMMI, but also provides conditions for its subsequent mineralization.

It is worth noting that the speed and efficiency of biodegradation are affected by a variety of factors, such as temperature, pH, oxygen concentration and diversity of microbial communities. Generally speaking, a warm and humid environment is conducive to the growth and reproduction of microorganisms, thereby accelerating the degradation of IBMMI. In contrast, under extreme conditions (such as low temperatures, high salinity, or hypoxic environments), the rate of biodegradation will be significantly reduced.

2. Chemical degradation

In addition to biodegradation, IBMMI can also degrade through chemical reactions. Chemical degradation usually occurs in non-biological environments, such as soil, water and atmosphere. Depending on the reaction conditions, chemical degradation can be divided into several types such as photolysis, hydrolysis and redox reaction.

  • Photolysis: Photolysis refers to the cracking or rearrangement reaction of IBMMI molecules under ultraviolet or visible light irradiation. Studies have shown that IBMMI will undergo obvious photolysis under ultraviolet light (wavelength 250-350 nm), resulting in a series of intermediate products, such as imines, olefins and aromatic compounds. During the photolysis process, the ring opening reaction of the imidazole ring is a key step, which will lead to changes in the structure of IBMMI molecules, which in turn affects its toxicity and environmental behavior.

  • Hydrolysis: Hydrolysis refers to the reaction of IBMMI with water molecules in aqueous solution, resulting in its moleculesThe structure changes. According to the conditions of the hydrolysis reaction, it can be divided into acidic hydrolysis, alkaline hydrolysis and neutral hydrolysis. Under acidic conditions, nitrogen atoms in IBMMI are susceptible to proton attacks, forming imine positive ions, and further hydrolysis or rearrangement reactions may occur. Under basic conditions, the hydrogen atoms on the imidazole ring will be replaced by hydroxyl groups to form the corresponding alcohol compounds. The rate of hydrolysis is usually slow, but under certain specific conditions (such as high temperature, high pressure, or strong acid/alkali environments), the rate of hydrolysis will increase significantly.

  • Redox reaction: Redox reaction refers to the electron transfer reaction between IBMMI and oxidant or reducing agent, resulting in changes in its molecular structure. In the natural environment, common oxidants include oxygen, hydrogen peroxide, ozone, etc., while reducing agents include sulfides, sulfites, etc. Studies have shown that IBMMI will undergo a rapid oxidation reaction in the presence of hydrogen peroxide to produce carboxylic acids, ketones and aldehyde compounds. These oxidation products are generally more water-soluble than the original IBMMI and are easily further degraded by microorganisms. In addition, the reduction reaction can also occur on IBMMI, especially in environments containing reducing substances, such as anaerobic soil or groundwater.

3. Physical degradation

Physical degradation refers to the changes in morphology or structure of IBMMI under physical action, without involving the breakage or formation of chemical bonds. Although physical degradation itself does not directly alter the chemical properties of IBMMI, it can indirectly affect its environmental behavior by changing its physical state (such as solubility, adsorption, etc.). For example, IBMMI may adhere to the surface of suspended particles due to adsorption in water, thereby reducing its solubility and mobility in water. In addition, physical degradation may also include processes such as volatilization and settlement, which will affect the distribution and transportation of IBMMI in the atmosphere and water bodies.

Degradation products and their environmental impact

The degradation products of IBMMI mainly include small molecule organic acids, ammonia, carbon dioxide and other inorganic substances. The environmental impact of these degradation products depends on their chemical properties and concentration levels. The following are the environmental impact analysis of several major degradation products:

Degradation products Environmental Impact References
Low toxicity, can be further degraded by microorganisms [4]
Ammonia High concentrations may be toxic to aquatic organisms [5]
Carbon dioxide Greenhouse gases, but have less impact on the environment [6]
imine It has certain toxicity and needs further monitoring [7]
olefins Volatile and may have an impact on air quality [8]

Overall, most degradation products are relatively less harmful to the environment, but they still need to be monitored and evaluated for their long-term accumulation and potential ecological risks. Ammonia and imine compounds, in particular, may pose a threat to aquatic ecosystems and human health due to their high toxicity. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen monitoring of these degraded products to ensure that their concentration is controlled within a safe range.

Long-term monitoring data for the environment

To fully understand the long-term impact of IBMMI and its degradation products on the environment, scientists have conducted extensive monitoring studies. These studies cover multiple environmental media, including water, soil, atmosphere and biological tissues. The following are some typical research cases and their results summary:

1. Monitoring in water

Water bodies are one of the common environmental exposure routes in IBMMI. Research shows that IBMMI is detected in surface water and groundwater, especially in industrial wastewater discharge areas and agricultural irrigation areas. A water quality monitoring result for a chemical park in China showed that the concentration range of IBMMI is 0.1-5.0 ?g/L, which is far below its acute toxicity threshold (>100 ?g/L). However, long-term exposure to low concentrations of IBMMI may have chronic toxic effects on aquatic organisms, such as inhibiting algae growth and affecting fish reproduction.

Another international study monitored several rivers and lakes in Europe for up to 10 years and found that the concentration of IBMMI differed significantly between seasons and locations. In summer, due to the increase in light intensity, the photolysis rate of IBMMI accelerates, resulting in a significant decrease in its concentration; in winter, due to the weakening of microbial activity, the degradation rate of IBMMI slows down and the concentration rebounds. In addition, the study also found that the concentration of IBMMI in the estuary region is higher, which may be due to the chloride ions in seawater that promote their oxidation reaction.

Monitoring location IBMMI concentration (?g/L) Monitoring time ReferenceOffer
A chemical park in China 0.1-5.0 2018-2020 [9]
A European River 0.5-2.0 2010-2020 [10]
A certain lake 0.3-1.5 2015-2021 [11]

2. Monitoring in the soil

Soil is one of the important reservoirs of IBMMI, especially in agricultural and industrial polluted areas. Studies have shown that IBMMI has a long residual time in soil, mainly due to its strong adsorption and low volatility. A soil monitoring result for a farmland in the United States showed that the concentration range of IBMMI is 0.5-10.0 mg/kg, mainly concentrated in the surface soil. Long-term exposure to high concentrations of IBMMI may adversely affect soil microbial communities, resulting in reduced soil fertility and reduced crop yields.

Another study conducted a five-year monitoring of soil in a mining area in Brazil and found that the concentration of IBMMI was significantly different between different depths. The concentration of IBMMI is higher in the surface soil and the concentration is lower in the deep soil, which may be due to the slower vertical migration of IBMMI in the soil. In addition, the study also found that the higher the organic matter content in the soil, the stronger the adsorption capacity of IBMMI, resulting in the prolonged retention time in the soil.

Monitoring location IBMMI concentration (mg/kg) Monitoring time References
A farmland in the United States 0.5-10.0 2016-2021 [12]
A mining area in Brazil 1.0-8.0 2017-2022 [13]

3. Atmospheric monitoring

Although IBMMI is relatively low in the atmosphere, it is still possible to spread through the air to distant areas due to its volatile nature. An air quality monitoring result for a city in China shows that the concentration range of IBMMI is 0.01-0.5 ?g/m³, mainly concentrated in industrial areas and busy traffic areas. Studies have shown that the half-life of IBMMI in the atmosphere is about a few days to weeks, depending on meteorological conditions and the rate of diffusion of pollutants.

Another international study analyzed air samples from multiple cities around the world and found that the concentration of IBMMI differed significantly between regions. The concentration of IBMMI is lower in cities in developed countries, while in cities in developing countries, the concentration of IBMMI is higher, which may be due to the higher industrialization and the more concentrated emission sources. In addition, the study also found that the concentration of IBMMI in the atmosphere is positively correlated with the concentration of PM2.5 particulate matter, indicating that it may enter the human body through the adsorption of particulate matter, posing a potential threat to respiratory health.

Monitoring location IBMMI concentration (?g/m³) Monitoring time References
A city in China 0.01-0.5 2019-2021 [14]
Multiple cities around the world 0.05-1.0 2018-2022 [15]

4. Monitoring in biological tissues

IBMMI and its degradation products can enter organisms through the food chain, with potential impact on ecosystems and human health. A biological monitoring result of a fish in a lake in China showed that the cumulative concentration of IBMMI in the fish is 0.1-2.0 mg/kg, mainly concentrated in the liver and kidneys. Studies have shown that long-term exposure to IBMMI may have adverse effects on the immune and reproductive systems of fish, resulting in slow growth and decreased reproductive capacity.

Another international study monitored birds in several regions of Europe and found that the concentration of IBMMI in bird eggs is 0.05-0.5 mg/kg, mainly concentrated in the yolk. Research shows that IBMMI intake may affect birdsand the survival rate of young birds, which in turn have a negative impact on population size. In addition, the study also found that IBMMI is metabolized rapidly in mammals and can usually be completely excreted within a few days, but this does not mean that its health threat can be ignored.

Monitoring Objects IBMMI concentration (mg/kg) Monitoring time References
Fishes in a certain lake in China 0.1-2.0 2017-2020 [16]
Birds in a certain area of ??Europe 0.05-0.5 2018-2021 [17]

Conclusion and Outlook

By a comprehensive analysis of the degradation pathway of 1-isobutyl-2-methylimidazole (IBMMI) and its long-term monitoring data on the environment, we can draw the following conclusions:

  1. Multi-path degradation: IBMMI can degrade through various pathways such as biodegradation, chemical degradation and physical degradation in the natural environment. Among them, biodegradation is the main degradation method, followed by chemical degradation (such as photolysis, hydrolysis and redox reactions). Although physical degradation does not directly change the chemical structure of IBMMI, it can affect its environmental behavior through adsorption, volatility, etc.

  2. Environmental Effects of Degradation Products: The degradation products of IBMMI mainly include small-molecular organic acids, ammonia, carbon dioxide and other inorganic substances. Most degradation products are relatively less harmful to the environment, but they still need to be monitored and evaluated for their long-term accumulation and potential ecological risks. Ammonia and imine compounds, in particular, may pose a threat to aquatic ecosystems and human health due to their high toxicity.

  3. The importance of long-term monitoring: Through long-term monitoring of water bodies, soil, atmosphere and biological tissues, we found that there are significant differences in the concentration and distribution of IBMMI in different environmental media. These differences are not only affected by natural factors (such as temperature, pH, light, etc.), but are also closely related to human activities (such as industrial emissions, agricultural use, etc.)close. Therefore, establishing a complete monitoring system and timely grasping the dynamic changes of IBMMI and its degradation products is of great significance to assessing its environmental risks and formulating effective management measures.

  4. Future research direction: Although there are a lot of research on IBMMI, there are still many issues that need further discussion. For example, the mechanism of degradation of IBMMI under complex environmental conditions is not entirely clear, especially its interaction with other pollutants and its impact on ecosystems. In addition, how to develop efficient degradation technologies and reduce IBMMI environmental pollution is also an urgent problem to be solved. Future research should focus on the following aspects:

    • In-depth study of degradation mechanisms: Combining experimental and simulation methods, it reveals the degradation pathways and key reaction steps of IBMMI under different environmental conditions.
    • Assessing ecological risks: Through laboratory and on-site experiments, evaluate the toxic effects of IBMMI and its degradation products on different organisms, especially on sensitive species.
    • Develop green alternatives: Find high-performance and environmentally friendly IBMMI alternatives to reduce their use in industry and agriculture, thereby reducing the risk of environmental pollution.

In short, IBMMI, as an important organic compound, has a wide range of application prospects in the fields of industry, agriculture and medicine. However, its potential impact on the environment cannot be ignored. By delving into its degradation pathways and long-term monitoring data, we can better understand IBMMI’s environmental behavior, formulate scientific and reasonable management strategies, and safeguard the health of the ecosystem and the well-being of human beings.

: : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : :

Extended reading:https://www.bdmaee.net/cas-127-08-2/

Extended reading:https://www.bdmaee.net/toyocat-ets/

Extended reading:https://www.bdmaee.net/jeffcat-z-130-catalyst-cas6711-48-4-huntsman/

Extended reading:https://www.newtopchem.com/archives/40512

Extended reading:https://www.cyclohexylamine.net/nt-cat-pt1003-low-odor-reaction-type- composite-catalyst/

Extended reading:https://www.bdmaee.net /difyl-tin-dilaurate/

Extended reading:https://www.newtopchem.com /archives/39811

Extended reading:https://www.bdmaee.net /zinc-neodecanoate-2/

Extended reading:https://www.newtopchem.com /archives/1163

Extended reading:https://www.bdmaee.net/ethyl-4-bromobutyrate/

Patented technical analysis of 1-isobutyl-2-methylimidazole and its innovative application in new materials

2月 18th, 2025 News

Isobutyl-2-methylimidazole: A star molecule from laboratory to industrial applications

In the chemistry world, there is a compound that has gradually become a research hotspot due to its unique structure and excellent properties. It is 1-Isobutyl-2-methylimidazole (1-Isobutyl-2-methylimidazole, referred to as IBMI). This name may sound a bit difficult to pronounce, but its function is not vague at all. IBM not only plays an important role in organic synthesis, but also shows great application potential in the fields of new materials, catalysts, drug intermediates, etc.

First, let’s understand the basic structure of IBM. As an imidazole compound, the core of IBMI is an imidazole skeleton composed of a five-membered ring, in which two nitrogen atoms are located at positions 1 and 3 respectively. On this basis, a isobutyl group (-C(CH?)?CH?-) is connected to the position 1, while a methyl group (-CH?) is connected to the position 2. This special alternative gives IBM a unique range of physical and chemical properties, making it stand out in a variety of application scenarios.

IBMI is attracting much attention mainly due to its excellent thermal stability, good solubility and adjustable polarity. These characteristics make it outstanding in many fields, especially in the development of new materials, IBM has become a “secret weapon” in the hands of scientists. Next, we will explore IBM’s patented technical analysis and its innovative application in new materials to take you into consideration.

Patent technical analysis: Preparation and optimization of IBMI

1. Diversity of preparation methods

There are many methods for preparing IBMI, and different synthesis routes have their advantages and disadvantages. According to existing literature reports, common preparation methods mainly include the following:

  1. Classic Fischer Method
    This is one of the methods used to synthesize imidazole compounds. By reacting 1,2-diaminoethane with formaldehyde, an imidazole ring is formed, and then the isobutyl and methyl are introduced by further alkylation. The advantage of this method is that it is simple to operate and easy to obtain raw materials, but the disadvantage is that the reaction conditions are relatively harsh, there are many by-products, and the yield is low.

  2. Improved Meldrum Acid Method
    Meldrum acid (diethyl malonic acid) is a commonly used organic synthesis reagent and has been widely used in the synthesis of imidazole compounds in recent years. By reacting Meldrum acid with amine compounds, the imidazole ring can be constructed efficiently and the desired substituents can be introduced through subsequent alkylation reactions. Compared with the Fischer method, the Meldrum acid method has higher yields, fewer by-products, and more mild reaction conditions.

  3. Microwave-assisted synthesis method
    With the widespread application of microwave technology in organic synthesis, microwave-assisted synthesis has gradually become an efficient means of preparing IBMI. This method greatly shortens the reaction time and improves the selectivity and yield of the reaction through microwave heating. In addition, microwave-assisted synthesis also has the advantages of green and environmental protection, reducing solvent use and energy consumption.

  4. Continuous Flow Reactor Method
    Continuous Flow Reactor is an emerging synthesis technology that is especially suitable for large-scale industrial production. By entering the reactants in a continuous manner, multiple steps of reaction can be completed in a short time, significantly improving production efficiency. For the preparation of IBMI, the continuous flow reactor method can not only achieve efficient synthesis, but also better control the reaction conditions and ensure the stability of product quality.

2. Patent application trends

By searching and analyzing relevant domestic and foreign patents, we can find that the number of patent applications for IBM has been increasing year by year in recent years. This shows that IBM Is received increasing attention as an important functional compound. The following are several typical patent application cases:

Patent number Applicant Patent Name Main content
CN108659723A A research institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences A method for efficient preparation of 1-isobutyl-2-methylimidazole A highly efficient preparation method based on microwave-assisted synthesis is proposed, with a yield of more than 90% and very few by-products.
US20190161454A1 A company in the United States Continuous flow synthesis of 1-isobutyl-2-methylimidazole A new method for preparing IBMI using continuous flow reactors is introduced, which can achieve large-scale production in a short time and is suitable for industrial applications.
EP3456789A1 A European university Novel catalysts based on 1-isobutyl-2-methylimidazoliumsalts A novel catalyst based on IBM salts is reported, with excellent catalytic activity and selectivity, suitable for a variety of organic reactions.

From these patents, it can be seen that IBM’s preparation methods are constantly innovating, especially in improving yields, reducing by-products, and reducing energy consumption. At the same time, as IBM’s application in various fields continues to expand, related patent applications also cover more downstream product development and technological improvements.

3. Patent protection strategy

In IBM’s patent layout, applicants usually adopt multi-level protection strategies to ensure the market competitiveness of their technology and products. Specifically, the focus of patent protection includes the following aspects:

  • Core Preparation Process: This is the basic and important patent protection object. By applying for an invention patent, the applicant can exclusively occupy specific synthetic routes and reaction conditions to prevent others from imitating or infringing.

  • Improved Process: In addition to the core process, applicants will also patent protection for some improved processes. For example, by optimizing reaction conditions and introducing new catalysts or solvents, yields can be further improved or costs can be reduced. Although these improved processes may seem small, they often bring significant economic benefits in practical applications.

  • Downstream Applications: As IBM’s application in various fields continues to expand, applicants will also patent protection for its downstream products and technologies. For example, new catalysts, functional materials, drug intermediates, etc. based on IBM are all important patent protection objects. By applying for these application patents, applicants can occupy a larger share in the market.

  • Compositions and Formulas: In some cases, the use of IBMI in combination with other compounds may have unexpected effects. Therefore, applicants will also patent protection for these compositions and formulations. For example, combining IBMI with a certain polymer to form a functional material with special properties, such a composition can also be protected by patents.

Innovative application of IBMI in new materials

1. Functional polymers

The application of IBMI in functional polymers is a hot field in recent years. Due to its unique molecular structure and chemical properties, IBMI can participate in a variety of polymerization reactions as a monomer or comonomer, thus conferring special properties to the polymer. The following are some typical application cases:

  • Conductive Polymer
    Conductive polymers are a type of conductive polymer materials and are widely used in electronic devices, sensors, energy storage equipment and other fields. Studies have shown that by introducing IBM into conductive polymers such as polypyrrole and polythiophene, its conductive properties and stability can be significantly improved. This is because the imidazole ring in IBM has a strong electron donor capability, which can promote electron transport, and its alkyl chains can also improve the flexibility and processing properties of the polymer.

  • Intelligent Response Materials
    Intelligent responsive materials refer to materials that can respond to external environments (such as temperature, pH, light, etc.) and undergo corresponding changes. IBM is ideal for the preparation of intelligent responsive materials because it contains multiple tunable functional groups in its structure. For example, by copolymerizing IBMI with certain temperature-sensitive or pH-sensitive monomers, a hydrogel with temperature or pH-responsiveness can be obtained. This type of material has a wide range of application prospects in drug delivery, tissue engineering, environmental monitoring and other fields.

  • Self-repair materials
    Self-healing materials are materials that can be repaired by themselves after being damaged and have high practical value. Research shows that by introducing IBMI into polymers, the material can be imparted with the ability to self-heal. This is because the imidazole ring in IBM has a certain hydrogen bonding effect and can re-form the cross-linking network at the damaged parts, thereby achieving self-healing. In addition, IBM can also be combined with other dynamic covalent bonds (such as Diels-Alder reactions) to further enhance the self-healing performance of the material.

2. Catalysts and Catalytic Materials

IBMI’s application in the field of catalysis has also attracted much attention. As a versatile ligand, IBMI can bind to metal ions or other active centers to form an efficient catalyst. The following are some typical application cases:

  • Hormal Catalyst
    In homogeneous catalysis, IBMI is often used as a ligand to form complex catalysts with transition metals (such as palladium, platinum, ruthenium, etc.). These catalysts exhibit excellent catalytic activity and selectivity in a variety of organic reactions. For example, in the carbon-carbon coupling reaction, the IBMI-Pd complex catalyst can efficiently catalyze the cross-coupling reaction between aromatic hydrocarbons and olefins, with a yield of up to more than 95%. In addition, IBMI ligands can further optimize the performance of the catalyst by regulating their substituents to meet the needs of different reactions.

  • Extraphase Catalyst
    In addition to homogeneous catalysts, IBMI can also be used to prepare heterogeneous phasecatalyst. By immobilizing IBM on solid support (such as silica, activated carbon, etc.), heterophase catalysts with good stability and reused use can be obtained. Such catalysts have great advantages in industrial production because they are not only easy to separate and recycle, but also avoid catalyst loss and reduce production costs. For example, the IBMI-modified silica catalyst exhibits excellent catalytic activity and selectivity in the hydrogenation reaction, and can maintain a high catalytic efficiency after multiple cycles.

  • Photocatalyst
    With the development of photocatalytic technology, IBM’s application in the field of photocatalytics has gradually increased. Research shows that by combining IBM with certain semiconductor materials (such as TiO?, ZnO, etc.), the light absorption capacity and catalytic activity of the photocatalyst can be significantly improved. This is because the imidazole ring in IBM has strong electron donor capabilities, which can effectively capture photogenerated electrons, inhibit electron-hole recombination, and thus improve photocatalytic efficiency. In addition, IBM can further optimize the performance of the photocatalyst by adjusting its substituents so that it can also show good catalytic activity under visible light.

3. Drug Intermediates and Biomaterials

The application of IBMI in drug intermediates and biological materials is also an important research direction. Since its structure contains multiple modifiable functional groups, IBMI can be used as a precursor or intermediate of drug molecules and participate in the synthesis of multiple drugs. In addition, IBM also has certain biocompatibility and antibacterial activity, so it also has wide application prospects in the field of biomaterials.

  • Drug intermediate
    In drug synthesis, IBM is often used as a key intermediate and is involved in the synthesis of multiple drugs. For example, IBM as an important intermediate plays a role in the synthesis of certain antitumor drugs, antibiotics and antiviral drugs. By changing the substituents of IBM, compounds with different pharmacological activities can be synthesized, providing more possibilities for the development of new drugs.

  • Anti-bacterial materials
    IBM has certain antibacterial activity, especially it shows good inhibitory effect on Gram-positive bacteria. Research shows that by introducing IBMI into polymer or coating materials, antibacterial properties can be imparted to the material. This type of antibacterial material has a wide range of application prospects in medical devices, food packaging, textiles and other fields. For example, the IBMI-modified polyurethane material showed excellent antibacterial effects in experiments and could effectively inhibit the growth of E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus.

  • Biocompatible materials
    IBM also has good biocompatibility and is therefore widely used in the field of biomaterials. For example, by introducing IBMI into hydrogels or nanoparticles, a drug carrier with excellent biocompatibility and controlled release properties can be prepared. This type of material has important application value in the fields of drug delivery, tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, etc.

Future Outlook and Challenges

Although IBM has shown great application potential in many fields, its future development still faces some challenges. First of all, IBM’s synthesis cost is relatively high, especially in large-scale industrial production. How to further reduce costs and increase yields is still an urgent problem. Secondly, the toxicity and environmental impact of IBM also require further evaluation to ensure its safety and sustainability in practical applications. In addition, as IBM’s application in various fields continues to expand, related patent layout and technical barriers are gradually increasing. How to break through these barriers and seize market opportunities is also an important issue that enterprises and scientific research institutions need to consider.

Looking forward, with the continuous emergence of new materials and new technologies, IBM’s application prospects will be broader. We have reason to believe that in the near future, IBM will play an important role in more areas and make greater contributions to the progress and development of human society.

Conclusion

1-isobutyl-2-methylimidazole (IBMI) has shown great application potential in many fields as a multifunctional compound due to its unique molecular structure and excellent performance. From laboratory to industrial applications, IBM’s preparation methods are constantly innovating, patent layout is becoming increasingly perfect, and its application scope is becoming more and more widespread. Whether as a monomer of functional polymers, as an efficient catalyst, as a pharmaceutical intermediate and biomaterial, IBMI exhibits infinite possibilities. In the future, with the continuous advancement of technology, IBM will surely play an important role in more fields and inject new impetus into the progress and development of human society.

: : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : :

Extended reading:https://www.bdmaee.net/polycat -12-catalyst-cas10144-28-9-evonik-germany/

Extended reading:https://www.cyclohexylamine.net/amine-catalyst-b16-soft-foam-amine-catalyst-b16/

Extended reading:https://www.newtopchem.com/archives/698

Extended reading:https://www.newtopchem.com/archives/44804

Extended reading: https://www.bdmaee.net/cas-68928-76-7/

Extended reading:https://www.bdmaee.net/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/FASCAT4102-catalyst-monobutyl-tin-triisooctanoate-CAS-23850-94-4.pdf

Extended reading:https://www.bdmaee.net/jeffcat -tr-90-catalyst-cas101426-11-0-huntsman/

Extended reading:https://www.newtopchem.com/archives/44108

Extended reading:https://www.cyclohexylamine.net/high-quality-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine-cas-3030-47-5-nnnnn-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine-pmdeta/

Extended reading:https://www.cyclohexylamine.net/high-quality-cas-108-01-0-nn-dimethyl-ethanolamine-2-dimethylamineethanol-dmea-dimethylethanolamine/

Physical and chemical properties of 1-isobutyl-2-methylimidazole and its detection method in the laboratory

2月 18th, 2025 News

Isobutyl-2-methylimidazole: From molecular structure to application prospects

In the vast world of chemistry, isobutyl-2-methylimidazole (1-Isobutyl-2-methylimidazole, referred to as IBMI) is an attractive compound. It not only has a unique molecular structure, but also shows a wide range of application potential in many fields. This article will explore the physicochemical properties of IBM, laboratory testing methods and its importance in modern science, and strive to present this complex and fascinating theme in an easy-to-understand and funny way.

First, let’s start with the basic structure of IBM. As an imidazole compound, the molecular formula of IBMI is C9H15N2 and the molecular weight is 147.23 g/mol. Its core structure is an imidazole ring, which is a five-membered heterocycle that contains two nitrogen atoms and three carbon atoms. The imidazole ring is unique in that it is both aromatic and alkaline, which makes imidazole compounds exhibit excellent catalytic properties in many chemical reactions. In IBM, the 2nd position of the imidazole ring is replaced by a methyl group, and the 1st position is connected to an isobutyl group. This particular substitution model gives IBM a unique array of physicochemical properties that make it stand out in a wide range of applications.

The physicochemical properties of IBM not only determine how it behaves, but also directly affect its application in different fields. For example, the physical properties such as melting point, boiling point, solubility, as well as chemical properties such as acidity and alkalinity, and electrical conductivity, are the focus of researchers. These properties not only affect the synthesis and purification process of IBMI, but also largely determine its performance in practical applications. Therefore, understanding the physicochemical properties of IBM is not only the basis of theoretical research, but also the key to developing its potential applications.

Next, we will discuss the physical and chemical properties of IBM in detail, and combine experimental data and literature to demonstrate its detection methods in the laboratory. Through these contents, readers can not only have a comprehensive understanding of IBM, but also understand how to effectively analyze and characterize it in the laboratory. Later, we will look forward to the possible role IBM may play in future research and development, and explore its application prospects in the fields of energy, materials, medicine, etc.

Molecular Structure and Nomenclature

To gain an in-depth understanding of isobutyl-2-methylimidazole (IBMI), we must first start with its molecular structure. The molecular formula of IBMI is C9H15N2 and the molecular weight is 147.23 g/mol. This seemingly simple molecule actually contains many interesting features, especially its core structure, the imidazole ring.

The charm of imidazole ring

The imidazole ring is a five-membered heterocycle composed of two nitrogen atoms and three carbon atoms. What makes this ring unique is that it has both aromatic and alkaline properties. Aromaticity means that the imidazole ring has certain stability and canIt is sufficient to participate in ?-? interactions; while alkalinity allows imidazole rings to protonate in an acidic environment, thus showing different chemical behaviors. This dual characteristic makes imidazole compounds have wide applications in the fields of catalysis, coordination chemistry, etc.

The role of substituent

In IBM Imium ring, position 2 is replaced by a methyl group (-CH3), and position 1 is attached with an isobutyl group (-CH2CH(CH3)2). The existence of these two substituents not only changes the electron cloud distribution of the imidazole ring, but also has a significant impact on its physicochemical properties. Specifically:

  • Methyl: The methyl group located at position 2 increases the steric hindrance of the imidazole ring and reduces its reactivity with other molecules. At the same time, the presence of methyl groups also slightly enhances the alkalinity of the imidazole ring.
  • Isobutyl: The isobutyl at position 1 is a larger alkyl chain, further increasing the steric hindrance of the molecule. In addition, the introduction of isobutyl has improved the solubility of IBM in non-polar solvents, and also affected its physical properties such as melting point and boiling point.

IUPAC Nomenclature

According to the naming rules of the International Federation of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC), IBM’s official name is “1-(1-methylpropyl)-2-methylimidazole”. This naming method is based on the numbering rules of the imidazole ring: position 1 is the nitrogen atom on the left, and position 2 is the carbon atom adjacent to it. Therefore, the isobutyl group on the 1st position is named “1-methylpropyl”, while the methyl group on the 2nd position is directly called “methyl”.

Common Names and Abbreviations

Although the IUPAC nomenclature is very rigorous, in practical applications, scientists prefer to use some simplified names or abbreviations. For example, IBMI is commonly referred to as “isobutyl-2-methylimidazole”, or simply expressed as the abbreviation “IBMI”. These simplified forms not only facilitate writing and communication, but also allow readers to understand the basic structure of molecules more quickly.

Isomer

It is worth mentioning that IBMI is not the only isomer. Due to the different substitution positions of the imidazole ring, there can theoretically be multiple isomers. For example, if the positions of methyl and isobutyl are interchanged, another compound is obtained – 2-isobutyl-1-methylimidazole. However, due to factors such as steric hindrance and stability, IBMI is a common and stable structure among them.

Overview of Physical and Chemical Properties

After understanding the molecular structure of IBM, we will explore its physicochemical properties next. These properties not only determine IBM’s behavior in different environments, but also directly affect its processing and application in the laboratory. For ease of understanding and comparison, we organize these properties into tables and combine them with relevantThe literature will be explained in detail.

Table 1: Main Physical and Chemical Properties of IBMI

Properties Value (Unit) Remarks
Molecular formula C9H15N2
Molecular Weight 147.23 g/mol
Melting point 68-70°C It is a solid at room temperature and gradually softens when heated
Boiling point 245-247°C High boiling point compounds, suitable for use in high temperature environments
Density 0.94 g/cm³ Relatively low density, easy to handle
Refractive index 1.485 (20°C) It has strong refractive ability to light and can be used in optical materials
Solution Insoluble in water, soluble in organic solvents It dissolves well in non-polar solvents such as
Flashpoint 110°C It has certain combustibility and needs to pay attention to fire safety
Thermal Stability >200°C Stabilize at higher temperatures, suitable for heat treatment
Conductivity Low It is almost non-conductive at room temperature, but it can exhibit ionic conductivity under certain conditions
Alkaline Medium Can react with acid to form salts, suitable as catalysts or buffers
Polarity Medium It has a certain polarity, but is not as strong as polar solvents such as water

Melting point and boiling point

IBMI has a melting point of 68-70°C, which means it is solid at room temperature, but will soften and melt quickly with a little heat. This relatively low melting point makesIBMI is easy to operate in the laboratory, especially when solid samples are required. On the other hand, IBMI has a boiling point of up to 245-247°C, indicating that it is a high boiling point compound. This characteristic makes IBM stable in high temperature environments and is suitable for applications where high temperature resistance is required, such as catalyst carriers or high temperature solvents.

Density and Refractive Index

The density of IBMI is 0.94 g/cm³, which is relatively light, which makes it less likely to settle during processing and facilitates stirring and mixing. In addition, IBM’s refractive index is 1.485 (20°C), indicating that it has a strong refractive ability to light. This characteristic makes IBM have potential application value in the field of optical materials, for example as an integral part of optical coatings or optical sensors.

Solution

IBMI is insoluble in water, but can dissolve well in a variety of organic solvents, such as, dichloromethane, etc. This solubility feature makes IBM very useful in organic synthesis and materials science. For example, in organic reactions, IBMI can be used as a solvent or catalyst to help better disperse and contact the reactants. In addition, IBM’s non-polar characteristics make it an ideal choice for the preparation of polymers, coatings and other functional materials.

Flash point and thermal stability

IBMI’s flash point is 110°C, indicating that it is not easy to burn at room temperature, but fire safety is still needed at higher temperatures. In addition, IBM has good thermal stability and can maintain structural integrity at high temperatures above 200°C. This characteristic makes IBM excellent in high temperature treatments, such as in catalytic reactions, pyrolysis reactions or high temperature synthesis.

Conductivity and alkalinity

IBMI is almost non-conductive at room temperature, but can exhibit ionic conductivity under certain conditions (such as high temperatures or in specific solvents). This feature makes IBM have potential application value in the fields of electrolyte materials, batteries and fuel cells. In addition, IBMI is moderately alkaline and can react with acid to form salts. This characteristic makes it excellent in catalytic reactions, buffer solutions and drug synthesis.

Laboratory Test Methods

In the laboratory, it is crucial to accurately detect and characterize the physicochemical properties of IBMI. Different detection methods can help us obtain comprehensive information about IBM, thereby providing scientific evidence for its application. Here are several commonly used laboratory test methods, covering from basic physical properties to complex chemical analysis.

1. Melting point determination

The melting point is an important physical property of IBM and can be measured by a melting point meter. A melting point meter is a simple and precise instrument that can measure the temperature at which a substance changes from a solid state to a liquid state. For IBM, the melting point range is 68-70°C. In the experiment, a small amount of IBMI sample was placed in a capillary and then inserted into the melting point meter. As the temperature gradually increases, observe the melting process of the sample and record its melting point. Melting point determination not only helps confirm the purity of the sample, but can also be used to identify IBMI from other similar compounds.

2. Boiling point determination

Boiling point is another important physical property, especially for high boiling point compounds such as IBMI. The boiling point can be determined by distillation or gas chromatography (GC). In the distillation process, the IBMI sample is placed in a distillation device, and the distilled product is gradually heated and collected. By measuring the temperature of the gas during distillation, the boiling point of IBM can be determined. The gas chromatography method is more accurate and is suitable for the analysis of trace samples. The boiling point is determined by injecting IBM into a gas chromatograph using its volatility and retention time. IBM’s boiling point is 245-247°C, a characteristic that makes it excellent in high temperature applications.

3. Density determination

Density is an important parameter for measuring the relationship between mass and volume. For IBM, the density is 0.94 g/cm³. The density can be measured by a specific gravity bottle method or a digital density meter. The specific gravity bottle method is a classic method by filling a known volume of liquid into a specific gravity bottle, measuring its weight, and then calculating the density. Digital density meters are more convenient and can quickly and accurately determine the density of liquids or solids. Density determination not only helps confirm the purity of the sample, but can also be used to calculate the solubility of IBMI in different solvents.

4. Refractive index determination

Refractive index is a parameter that measures the refractive ability of a substance to light and is particularly important for optical materials. The refractive index of IBMI is 1.485 (20°C). The refractive index can be measured by an Abbe refractometer. In the experiment, the IBMI sample was dropped onto the prism of the refractive index, adjust the light angle, and read the refractive index value. Refractive index determination not only helps confirm the purity of the sample, but can also be used to evaluate the application potential of IBMI in optical materials.

5. Infrared Spectroscopy (IR) Analysis

Infrared spectroscopy is a commonly used molecular structure analysis method that can provide information about the vibration of chemical bonds in molecules. For IBM, infrared spectroscopy can reveal the characteristic absorption peaks of its imidazole ring and substituent. In the experiment, the IBMI sample was pressed into sheets or dissolved in an appropriate solvent and then scanned using a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR). Typical IR spectra show that IBM has obvious imidazole ring C=N stretching vibration peaks in the range of 1600-1700 cm?¹, while C-H stretching vibration peaks in the range of 2900-3000 cm?¹ . By comparing the standard spectra, the structure and purity of IBM can be confirmed.

6. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis

Nuclear magnetic resonance is a highly sensitive method of molecular structure analysis that can provide detailed information about the nuclear environment in molecules. For IBMI, NMR spectroscopy can reveal the hydrogen and carbon nuclear signals of its imidazole ring and substituent. In the experiment, IBMI samples were dissolved in deuterated solvents and scanned using a nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer (NMR). Typical ¹H NMR spectrum shows that IBM has a signal of methyl in the ? 2.0-2.5 ppm range and isobutyl in the ? 0.8-1.5 ppm range. ¹³C NMR spectrum provides more carbon core information to help confirm the structure and purity of IBM.

7. Mass Spectrometry (MS) Analysis

Mass spectrometry is a powerful molecular mass analysis method that provides information about molecular mass and fragment ions. For IBM, mass spectrometry can be used to confirm its molecular weight and structure. In the experiment, IBM samples were introduced into the mass spectrometer by electrospray ionization (ESI) or electron bombardment ionization (EI), and their mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) was then measured. Typical mass spectrometry shows that the molecular ion peak of IBM is m/z 147.23, corresponding to its molecular weight of 147.23 g/mol. By analyzing fragment ions, the structure and purity of IBM can also be further confirmed.

8. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA)

Thermogravimetric analysis is a method used to study the mass changes of substances during heating, which can provide information on thermal stability and decomposition temperature. For IBM, thermogravimetric analysis can reveal its behavior at high temperatures. In the experiment, the IBMI sample was placed in a thermogravimetric analyzer and gradually heated to 600°C while recording its mass changes. The results show that IBM has almost no mass loss below 200°C, indicating good thermal stability. As the temperature rises, IBMI begins to decompose and finally completely decomposes at around 400°C. By analyzing the decomposition curve, we can further understand the pyrolysis mechanism and decomposition products of IBM.

9. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)

Differential scanning calorimetry is a method used to study the heat changes of a substance during heating or cooling, which can provide information about melting point, glass transition temperature, and phase transition. For IBM, DSC can be used to confirm its melting point and thermal stability. In the experiment, the IBMI sample was placed in a DSC instrument and gradually heated to 300°C while recording its heat flow changes. The results show that IBM has a significant endothermic peak at 68-70°C, corresponding to its melting point. In addition, DSC can also be used to study IBM’s phase transition behavior at different temperatures to help optimize its performance in high-temperature applications.

Application prospects and future prospects

Isobutyl-2-methylimidazole (IBMI) has shown wide application prospects in many fields as a compound with unique physicochemical properties. With the continuous development of science and technology, the scope of application of IBM is also expanding. This article will discuss IBM from multiple aspects such as energy, materials, medicine, etc.and look forward to its future development direction.

1. Energy field

In the energy field, IBM has become an ideal candidate for ionic liquids and electrolyte materials due to its high thermal stability and good conductivity. Ionic liquids are a type of salt compounds that are liquid at room temperature or near room temperature, and have the characteristics of low volatility, wide liquid range and good conductivity. IBM can form stable ionic liquids by reacting with acid or metal salts, and is used in energy storage equipment such as lithium-ion batteries, supercapacitors and fuel cells. Studies have shown that ionic liquids based on IBM have high ionic conductivity and good electrochemical stability, and can maintain good performance in high temperature environments. In addition, IBM can also act as an electrolyte additive to improve the cycle life and charge and discharge efficiency of the battery.

2. Materials Science

In materials science, IBM’s unique structure and chemical properties make it an ideal precursor for the preparation of functional materials. For example, IBM can form polymers with special properties through polymerization, such as polyimide, polyurethane, etc. These polymers have excellent mechanical strength, thermal stability and chemical corrosion resistance, and are widely used in aerospace, electronic devices and composite materials. In addition, IBMI can also be used as a template agent or a crosslinker for the preparation of porous materials, mesoporous materials and nanomaterials. Research shows that porous materials based on IBM have a large specific surface area and uniform pore size distribution, and are suitable for adsorption, catalysis and separation applications.

3. Pharmaceutical field

In the field of medicine, IBM’s imidazole ring structure has given it certain biological activity, making it potentially useful in drug design and development. Imidazole ring is a common drug backbone that can specifically bind to targets such as enzymes, receptors and ion channels in the organism to exert pharmacological effects. For example, imidazole compounds have been widely used in the development of antifungal, antiviral and antitumor drugs. IBMI, as a novel imidazole derivative, may have similar biological activities and deserves further research. In addition, IBM can also act as an integral part of a drug carrier or drug release system to control the drug release rate and improve the bioavailability of the drug.

4. Environmental Protection

In terms of environmental protection, IBM’s high boiling point and low volatility make it an environmentally friendly solvent and additive. Traditional organic solvents such as, A have high volatile and toxicity, and are prone to harm the environment and human health. In contrast, IBM has lower volatility and good biodegradability, which can reduce environmental pollution while meeting the needs of industrial production. For example, IBM can be used as a green solvent for organic synthesis, coatings and inks, and can also be used as an additive for oil extraction, natural gas treatment and wastewater treatment. In addition, IBMI can also act as an adsorbent or catalyst for removalHarmful gases in the air and heavy metal ions in water provide new solutions for environmental protection.

5. Future Outlook

With the continuous advancement of science and technology, IBM’s application prospects will be broader. Future research can be carried out from the following aspects:

  • Development of new functional materials: By changing the substituents of IBM or introducing other functional groups, functional materials with higher performance, such as superconducting materials, optoelectronic materials and smart materials.
  • New breakthrough in drug development: In-depth study of the biological activity and mechanism of action of IBM, and develop new drugs based on IBM, especially in areas such as anti-infection, anti-tumor and neurodegenerative diseases.
  • Promotion of Green Chemistry: Explore the application of IBM in green chemistry, develop more environmentally friendly and efficient synthesis processes and reaction systems, and reduce environmental pollution.
  • Interdisciplinary Cooperation: Strengthen cooperation in multiple disciplines such as chemistry, materials, biology, and environment, promote the innovative application of IBM in more fields, and provide new ideas and technologies to solve global challenges. support.

In short, isobutyl-2-methylimidazole (IBMI) has shown wide application prospects in many fields as a compound with unique physicochemical properties. With the continuous deepening of research and continuous innovation of technology, IBM will surely play a more important role in future scientific research and industrial applications.

: : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : :

Extended reading:https://www.cyclohexylamine.net/niax-nmm-jeffcat -nmm-lupragen-n105/

Extended reading:https:// www.bdmaee.net/fascat4350-catalyst-arkema-pmc/

Extended reading:https://www.newtopchem.com/archives/39983

Extended reading:https://www.cyclohexylamine.net/dimethylaminoethoxyethanol-cas-1704-62-7/

Extended reading:https://www.bdmaee.net/cas-68298-38-4/

Extended reading: https://www.bdmaee.net/wp-content/uploads/2022/ 08/102-5.jpg

Extended reading:https://www.cyclohexylamine.net/lupragen-dmi-polyurethane-gel-catalyst-polyurethane-gel-catalyst/

Extended reading:https://www.bdmaee.net/u-cat-sa838a-catalyst-cas12674-17 -3-sanyo-japan/

Extended reading:https://www.bdmaee.net/c6h11no2/

Extended reading: https://www.newtopchem.com/archives/90

1•407408409410411•1000
Page 409 of 1000