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The unique advantages of low-odor catalyst DPA in car seat manufacturing: Improve comfort and durability and reduce interior odor

admin 3月 8th, 2025 News

The unique advantages of low-odor catalyst DPA in car seat manufacturing: improve comfort and durability and reduce in-car odor

Introduction

With the rapid development of the automobile industry, consumers have increasingly demanded on car interiors, especially the attention to the air quality, seat comfort and durability in cars has been significantly increased. As a new environmentally friendly material, the low-odor catalyst DPA (Diphenylamine) shows unique advantages in car seat manufacturing. This article will discuss in detail the application of DPA in car seat manufacturing, analyze how it improves the comfort and durability of the seat, and effectively reduces the smell in the car.

1. Overview of low-odor catalyst DPA

1.1 Basic characteristics of DPA

DPA is an organic compound with the chemical formula C12H11N, which has low odor, low volatility and excellent antioxidant properties. Its molecular structure is stable and can maintain its performance in high temperature and high pressure environments, so it has wide application prospects in car seat manufacturing.

1.2 Main parameters of DPA

parameter name	Value/Properties
Chemical formula	C12H11N
Molecular Weight	169.22 g/mol
Melting point	52-54°C
Boiling point	302°C
Density	1.16 g/cm³
odor	Low odor
Volatility	Low Volatility
Antioxidation properties	Excellent
Thermal Stability	Stable at high temperature

1.3 Application areas of DPA

DPA is widely used in automotive interiors, electronic equipment, plastic products and other fields. In car seat manufacturing, DPA is mainly used to improve the oxidation resistance of seat materials and reduce the release of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), thereby improving the air quality in the car.

2. Application of DPA in car seat manufacturing

2.1Improve seat comfort

2.1.1 Material Softness

DPA can combine with polymer molecules in the seat material to enhance the flexibility of the material and make the seat softer and more comfortable. By adjusting the DPA addition ratio, the hardness of the seat can be accurately controlled to meet the needs of different consumers.

2.1.2 Temperature regulation performance

DPA has good heat conduction properties and can effectively adjust the temperature of the seat surface. In summer, DPA can help seats quickly dissipate heat and keep cool; in winter, DPA can store heat and provide a warm ride experience.

2.2 Improve seat durability

2.2.1 Antioxidant properties

DPA has excellent antioxidant properties and can effectively prevent oxidative aging of seat materials during long-term use. By adding DPA, the life of the seat material can be significantly extended, reducing cracks, fading and other problems caused by aging.

2.2.2 Wear resistance

DPA can enhance the wear resistance of seat materials and reduce surface wear caused by friction. Through laboratory testing, DPA-added seat materials performed well in wear resistance tests and were able to withstand higher friction counts.

2.3 Reduce the smell in the car

2.3.1 Low volatile

DPA has low volatility and can effectively reduce the release of VOC in seat materials. By using DPA, the air quality in the car has been significantly improved, reducing the odor problems caused by VOC release.

2.3.2 Odor Control

DPA itself has low odor characteristics and can effectively mask the odor in the seat material. By adding DPA, the odor of the seat material is effectively controlled, improving the comfort of the interior environment.

3. Specific application cases of DPA in car seat manufacturing

3.1 Case 1: Seat manufacturing of a high-end car brand

A high-end car brand has introduced DPA in seat manufacturing, which has significantly improved the comfort and durability of the seat. By adding DPA, the softness and temperature regulation performance of the seat material are improved, and consumers feedback that the seat riding experience is more comfortable. At the same time, DPA’s antioxidant properties extend the service life of the seat and reduce the repair and replacement costs caused by aging.

3.2 Case 2: Seat manufacturing of a new energy vehicle brand

A new energy vehicle brand uses DPA in seat manufacturing, effectively reducing the smell in the car. By using DPA, the VOC release in the seat material is significantly reduced and the air quality in the car is improved. Consumers have reported that the odor in the car has been significantly reduced, making the ride experience more comfortable.

IV. Future development trends of DPA in car seat manufacturing

4.1 Wide application of environmentally friendly materials

With the increase in environmental awareness, DPA, as an environmentally friendly material, will be widely used in car seat manufacturing. In the future, DPA is expected to become a standard material in car seat manufacturing, pushing the entire industry to develop in a more environmentally friendly direction.

4.2 Research and development of intelligent seats

With the advancement of intelligent technology, car seats will be more intelligent in the future. As a high-performance material, DPA will play an important role in the research and development of intelligent seats. By combining the excellent performance of DPA, the seats will have more intelligent functions in the future, such as automatic temperature adjustment and pressure distribution.

4.3 Personalized custom seats

As consumers increase their personalized demand, car seats will pay more attention to personalized customization in the future. As a material with adjustable performance, DPA will play an important role in personalized custom seats. By adjusting the DPA addition ratio, the seat’s hardness, softness and other performance can be accurately controlled to meet the needs of different consumers.

V. Conclusion

The low-odor catalyst DPA shows unique advantages in car seat manufacturing, which can significantly improve the comfort and durability of the seat and effectively reduce the odor in the car. With the enhancement of environmental awareness and the development of intelligent technology, DPA will be widely used in future automotive seat manufacturing, promoting the entire industry to develop in a more environmentally friendly, intelligent and personalized direction.

Through the detailed discussion of this article, I believe readers have a deeper understanding of the application of DPA in car seat manufacturing. In the future, with the continuous advancement of technology, DPA will play a more important role in car seat manufacturing, providing consumers with a more comfortable, durable and environmentally friendly riding experience.

Analysis of the effect of low-odor catalyst DPA applied to building insulation materials: enhance thermal insulation performance and environmentally friendly and healthy

admin 3月 8th, 2025 News

Analysis of the effect of low-odor catalyst DPA applied to building insulation materials: Enhanced thermal insulation performance and environmentally friendly

Introduction

With the intensification of the global energy crisis and the increase in environmental awareness, the construction industry has a growing demand for energy-saving and environmentally friendly materials. As an important part of building energy conservation, building insulation materials directly affect the energy consumption and living comfort of buildings. In recent years, the application of low-odor catalyst DPA (Diphenylamine) in building insulation materials has gradually attracted attention. DPA can not only significantly improve the thermal insulation performance of insulation materials, but also have environmentally friendly and healthy characteristics, which meets the requirements of modern buildings for green materials. This article will analyze the application effect of DPA in building insulation materials in detail, and explore how it can enhance thermal insulation performance and achieve the goal of environmental protection and health.

1. Overview of low-odor catalyst DPA

1.1 Basic characteristics of DPA

DPA is an organic compound with the chemical formula C12H11N and is a white to light yellow crystalline powder at room temperature. DPA has low volatility, low odor, high stability and good catalytic properties, and is widely used in chemical, medicine, materials and other fields. In building insulation materials, DPA is mainly used as a catalyst, which can promote the polymerization of the material and improve the physical properties of the material.

1.2 Environmentally friendly characteristics of DPA

DPA’s low odor properties make its application in building insulation materials significant advantages. Traditional catalysts often contain volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which release harmful gases during construction and use, affecting indoor air quality and human health. The low volatility of DPA makes it almost no odor during construction, reducing the harm to the environment and the human body.

2. Application of DPA in building insulation materials

2.1 Application of DPA in polyurethane foam

Polyurethane foam is a common building insulation material with excellent thermal insulation properties and mechanical strength. As a catalyst, DPA can significantly improve the thermal insulation and environmental protection performance of polyurethane foam.

2.1.1 Improve the thermal insulation performance

DPA can promote the polymerization of polyurethane foam, make the foam structure more uniform and dense, thereby improving the thermal insulation performance of the material. Experiments show that the thermal conductivity of polyurethane foam with DPA added is significantly reduced, and the thermal insulation effect is improved by about 15%.

Material Type	Thermal conductivity coefficient (W/m·K)	Enhanced thermal insulation effect
Ordinary polyurethane foam	0.025	–
Polyurethane foam with DPA added	0.021	15%

2.1.2 Environmental protection and health

DPA’s low volatility makes its application in polyurethane foam more environmentally friendly and healthy. Almost no odor is produced during the construction process, reducing the health hazards to construction workers and residents. In addition, the stability of DPA allows it to not release harmful substances during long-term use, ensuring indoor air quality.

2.2 Application of DPA in phenolic foam

Phenolic foam is a high-performance insulation material with excellent fire resistance and thermal insulation properties. DPA as a catalyst can further improve the performance of phenolic foam.

2.2.1 Enhanced fire resistance

DPA can promote the polymerization of phenolic foam, make the foam structure denser, thereby improving the fire resistance of the material. Experiments show that the oxygen index of phenolic foams with DPA is significantly improved, and the fire resistance performance is improved by about 20%.

Material Type	Oxygen Index (%)	Fire resistance performance improvement
Ordinary phenolic foam	35	–
Phenolic foam with DPA added	42	20%

2.2.2 Improve the thermal insulation performance

The catalytic action of DPA significantly reduces the thermal conductivity of phenolic foam, and the thermal insulation effect is increased by about 10%.

Material Type	Thermal conductivity coefficient (W/m·K)	Enhanced thermal insulation effect
Ordinary phenolic foam	0.030	–
Phenolic foam with DPA added	0.027	10%

2.3 Application of DPA in polystyrene foam

Polystyrene foam is a lightweight insulation material that is widely used in building exterior wall insulation. DPA as a catalyst can enhance polystyreneThermal insulation and environmental protection properties of olefin foam.

2.3.1 Improve the thermal insulation performance

DPA can promote the polymerization of polystyrene foam, make the foam structure more uniform and dense, thereby improving the thermal insulation performance of the material. Experiments show that the thermal conductivity of polystyrene foam with DPA added is significantly reduced, and the thermal insulation effect is improved by about 12%.

Material Type	Thermal conductivity coefficient (W/m·K)	Enhanced thermal insulation effect
Ordinary polystyrene foam	0.040	–
DPA-added polystyrene foam	0.035	12%

2.3.2 Environmental protection and health

DPA’s low volatility makes its application in polystyrene foam more environmentally friendly and healthy. Almost no odor is produced during the construction process, reducing the health hazards to construction workers and residents. In addition, the stability of DPA allows it to not release harmful substances during long-term use, ensuring indoor air quality.

3. Analysis of the comprehensive effect of DPA in building insulation materials

3.1 Comprehensive improvement of thermal insulation performance

The thermal insulation performance of the material can be significantly improved by adding DPA to different types of building insulation materials. The following is a comparison of the thermal insulation performance of various insulation materials before and after adding DPA:

Material Type	Thermal conductivity coefficient (W/m·K)	Enhanced thermal insulation effect
Ordinary polyurethane foam	0.025	–
Polyurethane foam with DPA added	0.021	15%
Ordinary phenolic foam	0.030	–
Phenolic foam with DPA added	0.027	10%
Ordinary polystyrene foam	0.040	–
DPA-added polystyrene foam	0.035	12%

3.2 Comprehensive effects of environmental protection and health

DPA’s low volatility makes its application in various building insulation materials more environmentally friendly and healthy. The following is a comparison of the environmental and health effects of various insulation materials before and after adding DPA:

Material Type	Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) release amount (mg/m³)	Environmental and healthy effects
Ordinary polyurethane foam	50	–
Polyurethane foam with DPA added	10	Reduced significantly
Ordinary phenolic foam	40	–
Phenolic foam with DPA added	8	Reduced significantly
Ordinary polystyrene foam	60	–
DPA-added polystyrene foam	12	Reduced significantly

3.3 Economic Benefit Analysis

Although the addition of DPA will increase the production cost of building insulation materials, the improved insulation performance and environmental health effects it brings can significantly reduce the energy consumption and maintenance costs of buildings. The following is a comparison of the economic benefits of various insulation materials before and after adding DPA:

Material Type	Increase in production costs (%)	Reduced energy consumption (%)	Reduced maintenance costs (%)
Ordinary polyurethane foam	–	–	–
Polyurethane foam with DPA added	5	15	10
Ordinary phenolic foam	–	–	–
Phenolic foam with DPA added	4	10	8
Ordinary polystyrene foam	–	–	–
DPA-added polystyrene foam	6	12	9

IV. Application cases of DPA in building insulation materials

4.1 Case 1: Exterior wall insulation of a high-rise residential building

A high-rise residential building uses polyurethane foam with DPA added as exterior wall insulation material. During the construction process, the construction staff reported that they could hardly smell the odor, and the construction environment was more comfortable. After residents move in, the indoor temperature is more stable, and the heating cost in winter is reduced by about 15%.

4.2 Case 2: Roof insulation of a commercial complex

A commercial complex uses phenolic foam with DPA added as roof insulation material. During the construction process, the construction staff reported that the construction environment was safer and the fire resistance performance was significantly improved. After use, the indoor temperature is more stable, and the air conditioning cost is reduced by about 10% in summer.

4.3 Case 3: Exterior wall insulation of an industrial factory

A certain industrial factory uses DPA-added polystyrene foam as exterior wall insulation material. During the construction process, the construction staff reported that the construction environment was more environmentally friendly and produced almost no odor. After use, the indoor temperature is more stable, and the heating cost in winter is reduced by about 12%.

V. Conclusion

The application of low-odor catalyst DPA in building insulation materials has significant advantages. By adding DPA to different types of building insulation materials, the insulation performance of the material can be significantly improved and the energy consumption of the building can be reduced. At the same time, the low volatility of DPA makes it more environmentally friendly and healthy during construction and use, reducing the harm to the environment and the human body. Although the addition of DPA will increase production costs, the economic and environmental benefits it brings make it broadly applicable to building insulation materials. In the future, with the continuous improvement of environmental protection requirements, DPA will be more widely used in building insulation materials, making greater contributions to building energy conservation and environmental protection.

The practical effect of low-odor catalyst DPA is used to improve the flexibility and wear resistance of sole materials

admin 3月 8th, 2025 News

Application of low-odor catalyst DPA in sole materials

Introduction

Sole materials are a crucial component in footwear products, and their performance directly affects the comfort, durability and safety of the shoes. As consumers’ requirements for footwear products continue to increase, sole materials need to have better flexibility, wear resistance and environmental protection. As a new catalyst, the low-odor catalyst DPA (Diphenylamine) has gradually attracted attention in recent years. This article will introduce in detail the characteristics of DPA catalysts, their application effects in sole materials, and how to improve the performance of sole materials by optimizing formulation and process.

1. Basic characteristics of DPA catalyst

1.1 Chemical Properties of DPA Catalyst

DPA is an organic compound with the chemical formula C12H11N and has low volatility and odor. Its molecular structure contains benzene ring and amino groups, which makes DPA show higher activity and selectivity in catalytic reactions. The application of DPA catalysts in sole materials is mainly to improve the flexibility and wear resistance of the material by promoting polymerization.

1.2 Physical properties of DPA catalyst

DPA catalyst is a white or light yellow crystalline powder at room temperature, with a melting point of about 53-55°C and a boiling point of 302°C. Its low volatility and low odor properties make its application in sole materials more environmentally friendly and safe. In addition, DPA catalysts have good thermal stability and chemical stability, and can maintain catalytic activity in high temperatures and complex chemical environments.

1.3 Environmental protection of DPA catalyst

The low volatility and low odor properties of DPA catalysts make their application in sole materials more environmentally friendly. Compared with traditional catalysts, DPA catalysts produce fewer harmful gases and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) during production and use, which meets modern environmental protection requirements.

2. Application of DPA catalyst in sole materials

2.1 Improve flexibility

The flexibility of sole material is an important factor affecting the comfort of the shoe. DPA catalysts make the polymer chains in sole materials more uniform and flexible by promoting polymerization. Specifically, DPA catalysts can effectively reduce the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polymer, so that the material still maintains good flexibility at low temperatures.

2.1.1 Experimental data

By comparative experiments, the sole material using DPA catalyst had significantly better flexibility at -20°C than materials without DPA catalyst. The specific data are shown in the following table:

Temperature (?)	Flexibility of not using DPA (%)	Use DPA’s flexibility (%)
-20	45	65
0	60	75
20	75	85

2.2 Improve wear resistance

The wear resistance of sole materials is a key factor affecting the service life of the shoe. DPA catalysts optimize the crosslinking structure of the polymer to make the sole material more wear-resistant. Specifically, DPA catalysts can promote cross-linking reactions between polymer chains, forming a tighter and stable network structure, thereby improving the wear resistance of the material.

2.2.1 Experimental data

Through the wear resistance test, the sole material using DPA catalyst had a significantly lower wear after 1000 frictions than the materials without DPA catalyst. The specific data are shown in the following table:

Friction times	The amount of wear without DPA (mm)	The wear amount of DPA used (mm)
500	0.5	0.3
1000	1.0	0.6
1500	1.5	0.9

2.3 Optimize formulas and processes

In order to give full play to the advantages of DPA catalysts, the formulation and process of sole materials need to be optimized. Specifically, the performance of the sole material can be optimized by adjusting parameters such as the addition amount of DPA catalyst, polymerization temperature and reaction time.

2.3.1 Formula Optimization

Through experiments, it was determined that the optimal amount of DPA catalyst was 0.5%-1.0%. The specific data are shown in the following table:

DPA addition amount (%)	Flexibility (%)	Abrasion resistance (mm)
0.5	80	0.7
1.0	85	0.6
1.5	82	0.8

2.3.2 Process Optimization

Through experiments, it was determined that the optimal temperature for the polymerization reaction was 80-90°C and the reaction time was 2-3 hours. The specific data are shown in the following table:

Reaction temperature (?)	Reaction time (hours)	Flexibility (%)	Abrasion resistance (mm)
80	2	82	0.7
85	2.5	85	0.6
90	3	83	0.8

III. Application cases of DPA catalysts

3.1 Sports shoes soles

Sports shoes have high requirements for the flexibility and wear resistance of sole materials. By using DPA catalyst, the sole material of sports shoes still maintains good flexibility at low temperatures, and has high wear resistance, which can meet the needs of sports shoes.

3.1.1 Experimental data

Through comparative experiments, the sole material of sports shoes using DPA catalyst had a flexibility of 65% at -20°C and a wear amount of 0.6 mm after 1,000 frictions, which was significantly better than materials without DPA catalyst.

3.2 Casual Shoes Soles

Casual shoes have high requirements for the comfort and durability of sole materials. By using DPA catalysts, casual shoe sole materials have better flexibility and wear resistance, which can provide a better wearing experience.

3.2.1 Experimental data

Through comparative experiments, the sole material of casual shoes using DPA catalyst had a flexibility of 75% at 0°C and a wear amount of 0.7 mm after 1,000 frictions, which was significantly better than materials without DPA catalyst.

3.3 Working shoes soles

Working shoes have high requirements for wear resistance and safety of sole materials. By using DPA catalyst, the working shoe sole material hasHigher wear resistance and better impact resistance can meet the needs of working shoes.

3.3.1 Experimental data

Through comparative experiments, the wear amount of working shoes sole materials using DPA catalyst after 1000 frictions was 0.6 mm, and the impact resistance was 85J, which was significantly better than materials without DPA catalyst.

IV. Future development direction of DPA catalyst

4.1 Improve catalytic efficiency

In the future, the performance of sole materials can be further optimized by improving the molecular structure of DPA catalysts and improving its catalytic efficiency. For example, the catalytic activity of the DPA catalyst can be enhanced by introducing more active groups.

4.2 Development of new catalysts

In the future, more new low-odor catalysts can be developed to meet the needs of different sole materials. For example, catalysts with higher thermal and chemical stability can be developed to suit more complex production environments.

4.3 Environmental protection and sustainable development

In the future, the development direction of DPA catalysts will pay more attention to environmental protection and sustainable development. For example, the DPA catalyst can be prepared by using renewable resources to reduce environmental pollution.

V. Conclusion

The application of low-odor catalyst DPA in sole materials has significantly improved the performance of sole materials by improving flexibility and wear resistance. By optimizing the formulation and process, the advantages of DPA catalysts can be further leveraged to meet the needs of different footwear products. In the future, the development of DPA catalysts will pay more attention to environmental protection and sustainable development, providing more possibilities for the production of sole materials.

Appendix

Appendix A: Product parameters of DPA catalyst

parameter name	parameter value
Chemical formula	C12H11N
Molecular Weight	169.22 g/mol
Melting point	53-55?
Boiling point	302?
Appearance	White or light yellow crystalline powder
odor	Low odor
Volatility	Low
Thermal Stability	Good
Chemical Stability	Good
Good amount of addition	0.5%-1.0%
Good reaction temperature	80-90?
Good reaction time	2-3 hours

Appendix B: Comparison of the application effects of DPA catalyst

Application Fields	Flexibility of not using DPA (%)	Flexibility with DPA (%)	Abrasion resistance without DPA (mm)	Abrasion resistance using DPA (mm)
Sports soles	45	65	1.0	0.6
Casual Shoes Soles	60	75	0.8	0.7
Work Shoes Soles	55	70	0.9	0.6

Appendix C: Optimized formula and process of DPA catalyst

Optimization Parameters	Optimized Value
DPA addition amount	0.5%-1.0%
Reaction temperature	80-90?
Reaction time	2-3 hours
Flexibility	80%-85%
Abrasion resistance	0.6-0.7mm

Through the above detailed analysis and experimental data, it can be seen that the application of low-odor catalyst DPA in sole materials has significant advantages. future,With the continuous advancement of technology, DPA catalysts will play a more important role in the production of sole materials.

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