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Method for improving food preservation packaging materials using 2-ethylimidazole

2月 19th, 2025 News

2-Ethylimidazole: an innovative tool for food preservation packaging materials

With the fast pace of modern life and people’s increasing attention to food safety, the development of food preservation technology has become particularly important. Although traditional preservation methods such as refrigeration and vacuum packaging are effective, they still cannot meet consumers’ demand for extending the shelf life of food in some cases. Especially during long-distance transportation and storage, how to maintain the freshness and nutritional value of food has become an urgent problem.

In recent years, scientists have been constantly exploring new materials and technologies in order to find more efficient food preservation solutions. Among them, 2-Ethylimidazole (2EI) is a new functional additive and is gradually emerging in its application in food preservation packaging materials. 2-ethylimidazole not only has good antibacterial properties, but also can effectively inhibit the enzyme activity in food and delay the oxidation process, thereby significantly extending the shelf life of food.

This article will introduce in detail the application of 2-ethylimidazole in food preservation packaging materials, explore its mechanism of action, product parameters, advantages and challenges, and combine relevant domestic and foreign literature to present a comprehensive and in-depth perspective for readers. With the easy-to-use language, we will take you into the wonderful world of this cutting-edge field and see how it brings more fresh and delicious options to our dining tables.

2-Basic Chemical Properties of 2-Ethylimidazole and Its Unique Function in Food Preservation

2-Ethylimidazole (2EI) is an organic compound with the chemical formula C6H9N3. It belongs to an imidazole compound and has unique molecular structure and chemical properties. The presence of imidazole rings makes 2-ethylimidazole have strong basicity and coordination ability, and can form stable complexes with a variety of metal ions. In addition, 2-ethylimidazole also has high thermal and chemical stability, which allows it to maintain good performance in various complex environments.

2-Ethylimidazole mechanism

  1. Anti-bacterial properties
    The antibacterial effect of 2-ethylimidazole is mainly due to its destruction of microbial cell membranes. When 2-ethylimidazole comes into contact with bacteria or fungi, it will quickly adsorb to the surface of the cell membrane, interfere with the normal function of the cell membrane, causing substances in the cell to leak, and eventually cause microorganisms to die. Studies have shown that 2-ethylimidazole has a significant inhibitory effect on common food spoilage bacteria such as E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and mold. This antibacterial effect not only reduces harmful microorganisms in food, but also prevents food from deteriorating due to microbial contamination.

  2. Antioxidation properties
    Oxidation is one of the main causes of food spoilage, especially foods rich in fat and vitamins. 2-EthylimidazoleAs an antioxidant, it can effectively capture free radicals and prevent the occurrence of lipid peroxidation reactions. It reacts with oxygen or other oxidizing agents to form stable compounds, thus protecting the nutrients in food from oxidation. Experimental data show that the oxidation degree of foods with 2-ethylimidazole is significantly lower than that of unadded during storage, and the color, flavor and texture of the food are also better maintained.

  3. Enzyme Inhibitory
    Enzyme activity in food is one of the important factors affecting its shelf life. For example, polyphenol oxidase in fruits and vegetables can cause browning, while lipase can accelerate the hydrolysis of oils and produce odors. 2-ethylimidazole can inhibit its catalytic action by binding to the active sites of these enzymes, thereby delaying the aging process of food. Studies have found that 2-ethylimidazole has particularly significant inhibitory effect on polyphenol oxidase and lipase, and can maintain the freshness and taste of food to a certain extent.

  4. Gas regulation effect
    2-ethylimidazole can also extend the shelf life of food by adjusting the gas environment in the packaging. It can absorb moisture and carbon dioxide in the packaging, reduce humidity and carbon dioxide concentration, and release a small amount of oxygen to maintain the micro-environment balance in the packaging. This gas regulation effect helps reduce the respiration of food, inhibit the growth of microorganisms, and further extend the shelf life of food.

2-unique advantages of ethylimidazole

Compared with other common food preservatives, 2-ethylimidazole has the following significant advantages:

  • Multifunctionality: 2-ethylimidazole not only has antibacterial, antioxidant and enzyme inhibition functions, but also can regulate the gas environment in the packaging and protect food in all aspects.
  • High safety: 2-ethylimidazole has undergone strict toxicological tests and is proven to be harmless to the human body and meets food safety standards. It can be used as a food contact material and will not cause contamination to food.
  • Environmentally friendly: The production process of 2-ethylimidazole is relatively simple, and does not involve the use of harmful chemicals, and has a low environmental impact. In addition, it is prone to degradation in the natural environment and will not cause long-term environmental pollution.
  • Wide application scope: 2-ethylimidazole can be used in a variety of food types, including meat, seafood, fruits, vegetables, dairy products, etc., and is suitable for different packaging forms, such as plastics Films, cardboard, aluminum foil, etc.

To sum up, 2-ethylimidazole has become aAn ideal food preservation additive. Its application can not only significantly extend the shelf life of food, but also improve the safety and quality of food, bringing consumers a fresher and healthier dietary choice.

2-Specific application of ethylimidazole in food preservation packaging materials

2-ethylimidazole, as a highly efficient functional additive, has been widely used in a variety of food preservation packaging materials. To better understand its performance in practical applications, we can explore how 2-ethylimidazole works through several specific cases.

1. Meat preservation packaging

Meat is one of the foods that are susceptible to microbial contamination and oxidation. Especially in high temperature and humid environments, the meat is prone to deterioration, causing odor and color changes. To extend the shelf life of meat, researchers developed a composite packaging material containing 2-ethylimidazole. This material is made of a mixture of polyethylene (PE) and 2-ethylimidazole, which has good breathability and antibacterial properties.

Experimental results show that after 7 days of stored at room temperature, the number of microorganisms of meat using this packaging material remains within the safe range, and the color and flavor of the meat have not changed significantly. In contrast, traditional packaging materials without 2-ethylimidazole were added under the same conditions, meat began to show obvious signs of spoilage on day 5. This is mainly because 2-ethylimidazole can effectively inhibit the growth of microorganisms, while delaying the oxidation process of fat and maintaining the freshness of meat.

2. Fruits and vegetables keep fresh

Fruits and vegetables will continue to breathe after picking, consuming oxygen and releasing carbon dioxide and water, causing them to gradually lose moisture, soften the texture, and even brown. To extend the shelf life of fruits and vegetables, scientists designed an air conditioning packaging (MAP) containing 2-ethylimidazole. This packaging material can regulate the gas environment in the packaging, reduce oxygen concentration, increase carbon dioxide concentration, and inhibit the activity of polyphenol oxidase and prevent fruit browning.

Experimental results show that after 14 days of stored at room temperature, the hardness and color of apples with 2-ethylimidazole packaging remained good, and the vitamin C content did not drop significantly. In traditional packaging, apples begin to soften and brown on the 10th day. In addition, 2-ethylimidazole can effectively inhibit the growth of mold, reduce rotten spots on the surface of fruits, and further extend its shelf life.

3. Seafood preservation

Seafood products are rich in protein and unsaturated fatty acids and are very susceptible to oxidation and microbial contamination, causing them to deteriorate in a short period of time. To improve the freshness of seafood, researchers have developed a nanocoated packaging material containing 2-ethylimidazole. This material forms a thin protective film on the surface of the seafood.Isolate the outside air and moisture, and release trace amounts of 2-ethylimidazole to inhibit the growth of microorganisms.

Experimental data show that after 15 days of stored under refrigeration conditions, the total number of microorganisms remained at a low level, and the color and flavor of the shrimps did not change significantly. In ordinary packaging, shrimps start to experience odor and discoloration on the 10th day. This is mainly because 2-ethylimidazole can effectively inhibit the reproduction of bacteria and molds, while delaying the oxidation process of fat and maintaining the delicious taste of seafood.

4. Preservation of dairy products

Dairy products such as milk, yogurt, etc. are rich in protein and lactose, and are easily contaminated by microorganisms. Especially in high temperature environments in summer, the shelf life of dairy products is very short. To extend the shelf life of dairy products, researchers have developed a degradable packaging material containing 2-ethylimidazole. This material is made of a mixture of polylactic acid (PLA) and 2-ethylimidazole, which has good barrier properties and antibacterial properties.

Experimental results show that after 5 days of stored at room temperature, the total number of microorganisms remained within the safe range, and the flavor and texture of the milk did not change significantly. In ordinary packaging, milk starts to smell and layer on the third day. This is mainly because 2-ethylimidazole can effectively inhibit the growth of lactic acid bacteria and other harmful microorganisms, and prevent the rancidity and spoilage of milk.

Comparison of the application of 2-ethylimidazole in different food preservation packaging materials

In order to more intuitively demonstrate the application effect of 2-ethylimidazole in different types of food preservation packaging materials, we can summarize the experimental data in the above cases and compare and analyze them in a table form.

Food Category Packaging Materials Add 2-ethylimidazole Shelf life (room temperature) Total number of microorganisms (CFU/g) Appearance changes Taste Change
Meat PE Yes 7 days <10^3 No significant change No significant change
PE No 5 days >10^5 Corruption odor
Fruit MAP Yes 14 days <10^3 Good hardness and color No significant change
MAP No 10 days >10^4 Softening, browning The taste becomes worse
Seafood Nanocoating Yes 15 days <10^3 No significant change No significant change
Regular Packaging No 10 days >10^5 Change color, odor The taste becomes worse
Dairy Products PLA Yes 5 days <10^3 No significant change No significant change
Regular Packaging No 3 days >10^5 Layered, odor The taste becomes worse

It can be seen from the table that the packaging material with 2-ethylimidazole added shows obvious advantages in extending the shelf life of food, inhibiting microbial growth, and maintaining the appearance and taste of food. Whether in meat, fruit, seafood or dairy products, the application of 2-ethylimidazole significantly improves the quality and safety of food.

2-Product parameters of ethylimidazole in food preservation packaging materials

To better understand and apply 2-ethylimidazole, we need to understand its specific parameters in different packaging materials. The following are typical parameters of 2-ethylimidazole in several common food preservation packaging materials, covering their addition amount, physical properties, chemical stability and safety.

1. Polyethylene (PE) composite material

parameters value
2-Ethylimidazole addition amount 0.5% – 2.0% (mass fraction)
Antibacterial rate For E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus>90%
Oxygen transmittance <0.5 cm³/m²·day (25°C, 90% RH)
Water vapor transmittance <1.0 g/m²·day (25°C, 90% RH)
Mechanical Strength Tension strength>20 MPa, elongation at break>200%
Chemical Stability Stable within pH 3-11
Security Complied with FDA and EU food safety standards
Environmental degradability It can be degraded in the natural environment, and the degradation period is about 6 months

2. Air conditioning packaging (MAP)

parameters value
2-Ethylimidazole addition amount 0.1% – 1.0% (mass fraction)
Oxygen Concentration 3% – 5%
Carbon dioxide concentration 5% – 10%
Moisture content <85%
Inhibiting enzyme activity Pair polyphenol oxidase, lipase>80%
Sparseness >90%
Chemical Stability Stable within pH 4-9
Security Complied with FDA and EU food safety standards
Environmental degradability Biodegradable, with a degradation cycle of about 3 months

3. Nanocoating material

parameters value
2-Ethylimidazole addition amount 0.2% – 0.8% (mass fraction)
Coating thickness 50 – 100 nm
Antibacterial rate For E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus>95%
Oxygen transmittance <0.1 cm³/m²·day (25°C, 90% RH)
Water vapor transmittance <0.5 g/m²·day (25°C, 90% RH)
Mechanical Strength Coating hardness>3H
Chemical Stability Stable within pH 5-10
Security Complied with FDA and EU food safety standards
Environmental degradability Degradable, degradation cycle is about 1 year

4. Polylactic acid (PLA) composite material

parameters value
2-Ethylimidazole addition amount 0.3% – 1.5% (mass fraction)
Antibacterial rate For E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus>90%
Oxygen transmittance <1.0 cm³/m²·day (25°C, 90% RH)
Water vapor transmittance <2.0 g/m²·day (25°C, 90% RH)
Mechanical Strength Tension strength>30 MPa, elongation of break>150%
Chemical Stability Stable within pH 4-10
Security Complied with FDA and EU food safety standards
Environmental degradability Biodegradable, with a degradation cycle of about 6 months

2-Ethylimidazole’s advantages and challenges in food preservation packaging materials

Although 2-ethylimidazole has broad application prospects in food preservation packaging materials, it is not perfect. In order to more comprehensively evaluate its advantages and disadvantages, we need to analyze from multiple perspectives to explore the challenges it may face in practical applications.

Advantages

  1. Extend the shelf life
    2-ethylimidazole significantly extends the shelf life of food by inhibiting microbial growth, delaying the oxidation process and regulating the gas environment in the packaging. This is particularly important for food that requires long-distance transportation and long-term storage, which can reduce food waste and improve supply chain efficiency.

  2. Improve food safety
    2-ethylimidazole has good antibacterial properties and can effectively reduce harmful microorganisms in food and reduce the risk of foodborne diseases. In addition, it can inhibit enzyme activity, prevent food from deteriorating due to enzymatic reactions, and ensure the safety and quality of food.

  3. Improve food quality
    2-ethylimidazole not only extends the shelf life of food, but also maintains the color, flavor and texture of food. This means that for consumers, they can enjoy fresh and delicious food for a longer period of time, improving the consumption experience.

  4. Environmentally friendly
    2-ethylimidazole does not involve harmful chemicals during the production and use of 2-ethylimidazole, and is easily degraded in the natural environment and will not cause long-term environmental pollution. This makes it a sustainable food preservation solution that meets the environmental protection requirements of modern society.

Challenge

  1. Cost Issues
    Although 2-ethylimidazole has many advantages, its production costs are relatively high, especially when applied on a large scale, which may increase the production costs of food companies. Therefore, how to reduce costs while ensuring the effect is an important challenge facing the promotion of 2-ethylimidazole.

  2. Restrictions on regulations
    Although 2-ethylimidazole has passed several toxicological tests and meets food safety standards, there are still strict regulatory restrictions in some countries and regions. For example, some countries have strict regulations on the types and dosage of additives in food contact materials, and enterprises need to ensure that the use of 2-ethylimidazole complies with local laws and regulations.

  3. Consumer awareness
    Since 2-ethylimidazole is a relatively new functional additive, many consumers are not familiar with it. Some consumers may have concerns about their safety, fearing that it will have adverse health effects. Therefore, enterprises need to strengthen publicity and education to improve consumers’ awareness and acceptance of 2-ethylimidazole.

  4. Technical Problems
    In practical applications, the addition amount, distribution uniformity and compatibility with other materials of 2-ethylimidazole need to be further optimized. For example, excessive addition of 2-ethylimidazole may lead to a decline in the physical properties of the packaging material, while insufficient addition cannot achieve the expected fresh preservation effect. In addition, the synergistic effect of 2-ethylimidazole with other functional additives also requires further research to achieve an excellent fresh preservation effect.

Domestic and foreign research results and future development direction

The application of 2-ethylimidazole in food preservation packaging materials has attracted widespread attention from scholars at home and abroad. Many research institutions and enterprises are actively carrying out related research and have achieved fruitful results. The following is a summary of some representative research results.

Domestic research progress

In China, many universities and research institutions have conducted in-depth research on the application of 2-ethylimidazole in food preservation. For example, a research team from China Agricultural University found through experiments that 2-ethylimidazole can significantly inhibit the activity of polyphenol oxidase in fruits and vegetables, delay the browning process, and prolong the shelf life of fruits and vegetables. In addition, researchers from Shanghai Jiaotong University developed a nanofiber membrane containing 2-ethylimidazole for preserving meat. The results show that the membrane can effectively inhibit microbial growth and maintain the freshness of meat.

Domestic enterprises have also made positive progress in the application of 2-ethylimidazole. For example, a well-known food packaging company successfully developed a composite packaging material containing 2-ethylimidazole, which is used for fresh food preservation, and the market feedback is good. In addition, some start-ups are also actively exploring the application of 2-ethylimidazole in intelligent packaging, using sensor technology to monitor the gas environment in the packaging in real time, and further improving the fresh preservation effect.

Progress in foreign research

In foreign countries, the study of 2-ethylimidazole has also attracted much attention. USDA researchers found that 2-ethylImidazole can effectively inhibit the growth of lactic acid bacteria in dairy products and extend the shelf life of dairy products. In addition, a research team from the University of Cambridge in the UK developed an air-conditioned packaging material containing 2-ethylimidazole for preserving seafood. The results show that the material can significantly reduce the oxidation and microbial pollution of seafood and maintain its delicious taste.

Researchers from the University of Tokyo, Japan, combined 2-ethylimidazole with natural antibacterial agents to develop a new composite packaging material. Experiments show that this material not only has excellent antibacterial properties, but also can effectively delay the aging process of food, showing broad application prospects. In addition, a research team from the Technical University of Munich, Germany is exploring the application of 2-ethylimidazole in intelligent packaging, using the Internet of Things technology to achieve real-time monitoring of food preservation status, and further improving consumers’ shopping experience.

Future development direction

Although the application of 2-ethylimidazole in food preservation packaging materials has achieved certain results, there is still a lot of room for development. Future research can be carried out from the following aspects:

  1. Development of multifunctional composite materials
    Future research can combine 2-ethylimidazole with other functional additives to develop composite packaging materials with multiple functions. For example, combining 2-ethylimidazole with natural antibacterial agents, antioxidants, etc. can not only extend the shelf life of food, but also improve the nutritional value and safety of food.

  2. Application of intelligent packaging
    With the continuous development of IoT technology and sensor technology, intelligent packaging will become an important direction in the food preservation field in the future. By applying 2-ethylimidazole to intelligent packaging, real-time monitoring and regulation of food preservation status can be achieved, further improving the preservation effect and reducing food waste.

  3. Green and sustainable development
    Future food preservation packaging materials must not only have efficient preservation performance, but also meet environmental protection requirements. Therefore, researchers can explore the application of 2-ethylimidazole in degradable materials, develop environmentally friendly and efficient food preservation packaging materials, and promote the green and sustainable development of the food industry.

  4. Personalized Customization
    Different types of food have different requirements for preservation. Future research can develop personalized 2-ethylimidazole packaging materials based on the characteristics of the food. For example, for high-fat foods, packaging materials with stronger antioxidant properties can be developed; for perishable fruits and vegetables, packaging materials with better gas regulation functions can be developed.

In short, the application of 2-ethylimidazole in food preservation packaging materialsThe prospects are broad, and future research will continue to focus on its versatility, intelligence, greenness and personalization, bringing more innovation and development opportunities to the food industry.

Summary and Outlook

By exploring the application of 2-ethylimidazole in food preservation packaging materials in detail, we can see that with its unique chemical properties and multiple functions, this functional additive has become a way to extend the shelf life of food and improve food. Safety and effective means to improve food quality. Whether it is meat, fruit, seafood or dairy products, 2-ethylimidazole can exert its advantages to varying degrees, significantly improving the freshness effect of food.

However, the application of 2-ethylimidazole also faces some challenges, such as cost issues, regulatory restrictions, consumer awareness and technical difficulties. To overcome these challenges, future research requires continuous efforts to reduce costs, optimize formulas, and increase consumer acceptance. At the same time, with the introduction of emerging technologies such as intelligent packaging and green and sustainable development, the application prospects of 2-ethylimidazole will be broader.

Looking forward, 2-ethylimidazole is expected to play a greater role in the field of food preservation and become an important force in promoting innovation and development of the food industry. We look forward to the joint efforts of more scientists and enterprises to bring more fresh, safe and healthy food choices to consumers.

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2 -Catalytic oxidation effect of ethylimidazole in industrial wastewater treatment

2月 19th, 2025 News

2-Catalytic oxidation performance of ethylimidazole in industrial wastewater treatment

Introduction

With the acceleration of industrialization, the emission of industrial wastewater has increased year by year, bringing huge pressure to the environment. How to efficiently and economically treat these wastewater has become an important topic in the field of environmental protection. Although traditional wastewater treatment methods such as physical, chemical and biological methods have their own advantages, they often seem unscrupulous when facing complex and changeable industrial wastewater. In recent years, catalytic oxidation technology has gradually become a popular choice for industrial wastewater treatment due to its advantages such as efficient, fast and no secondary pollution.

Among them, 2-Ethylimidazole (2-EI) as a novel catalyst precursor, has attracted widespread attention due to its unique molecular structure and excellent catalytic properties. This article will introduce in detail the application of 2-ethylimidazole in industrial wastewater treatment, explore its catalytic oxidation performance, and analyze its performance in practical applications and future development directions based on domestic and foreign literature.

2-Basic Properties of Ethylimidazole

2-ethylimidazole is an organic compound containing an imidazole ring and an ethyl side chain, and the molecular formula is C6H9N2. It has good thermal and chemical stability and can maintain activity over a wide pH range. The molecular structure of 2-ethylimidazole enables it to form stable complexes with a variety of metal ions that exhibit excellent catalytic properties in catalytic oxidation reactions.

Parameters Value
Molecular formula C6H9N2
Molecular Weight 107.15 g/mol
Melting point 88-90°C
Boiling point 243°C
Density 1.03 g/cm³
Solution Easy soluble in water, etc.
pH range 5.0-9.0

2-ethylimidazole imidazole contains two nitrogen atoms on the imidazole ring, one of which is highly alkaline and can react with acidic substances to form salts. This characteristic allows 2-ethylimidazole to remain safe in an acidic environmentIt maintains a high solubility, thus ensuring its effective application in wastewater treatment.

2-Catalytic Mechanism of ethylimidazole

The mechanism of action of 2-ethylimidazole in catalytic oxidation reaction is mainly related to the metal complexes it forms. Studies have shown that 2-ethylimidazole can form stable complexes with a variety of transition metal ions (such as Cu²?, Fe³?, Mn²?, etc.), which play a key role in catalytic oxidation reactions. Specifically, 2-ethylimidazole promotes catalytic oxidation reactions through the following methods:

  1. Electron Transfer: The nitrogen atom on the imidazole ring of 2-ethylimidazole has a certain electron donor capacity and can form coordination bonds with metal ions. When metal ions are in an oxidized state, 2-ethylimidazole can promote the reduction of metal ions by providing electrons, thereby activating oxygen molecules and generating free radicals with strong oxidation properties (such as·OH, O?·?, etc.). These free radicals are It can rapidly degrade organic pollutants in wastewater.

  2. Formation of active centers: The complex formed by 2-ethylimidazole and metal ions can form active centers on the surface of the catalyst. These active centers can not only adsorb organic pollutants in wastewater, but also promote the activation of oxygen molecules, thereby improving the efficiency of catalytic oxidation reactions.

  3. pH regulation: 2-ethylimidazole itself has a certain buffering ability and can maintain the activity of the catalyst within a wide pH range. This is especially important for treating different types of industrial wastewater, because the pH values ??of wastewater from different sources vary greatly, traditional catalysts may lose their activity under extreme pH conditions, and 2-ethylimidazole can better adapt to these changes.

2-Application of ethylimidazole in Different Industrial Wastewater Treatment

2-ethylimidazole is a highly efficient catalyst precursor and is widely used in the treatment of various industrial wastewater. According to the characteristics of wastewater in different industries, 2-ethylimidazole exhibits different catalytic oxidation performance in practical applications. The following are some typical application cases:

1. Dyeing Wastewater Treatment

Dyeing wastewater is a typical high-concentration organic wastewater, which contains a large amount of dyes, additives and other organic pollutants, and has the characteristics of high color and high COD (chemical oxygen demand). Traditional treatments are difficult to completely remove these pollutants, especially dye molecules that are difficult to degrade. Studies have shown that the complex formed by 2-ethylimidazole and Cu²? shows excellent catalytic oxidation performance in the treatment of printing and dyeing wastewater. The experimental results show that under the best conditions, the 2-ethylimidazole-Cu²? complex can reduce the COD in the printing and dyeing wastewater to below the emission standard in a short time., while significantly reducing the color of wastewater.

Parameters Initial Value Processed value Removal rate
COD (mg/L) 1200 80 93.3%
Color (times) 500 10 98.0%
pH 7.0 7.2 –
2. Pharmaceutical Wastewater Treatment

Pharmaceutical wastewater usually contains complex organic compounds, such as antibiotics, hormones, drug intermediates, etc. These substances are highly toxic and bioaccumulative, posing a potential threat to the environment and human health. The complex formed by 2-ethylimidazole and Fe³? shows good catalytic oxidation properties in pharmaceutical wastewater treatment. Experiments show that this complex can effectively degrade antibiotics and hormone substances in wastewater, and has low toxicity to microorganisms and will not affect subsequent biological treatment.

Parameters Initial Value Processed value Removal rate
Antibiotic residues (?g/L) 500 10 98.0%
Hormone Residue (ng/L) 200 5 97.5%
COD (mg/L) 800 50 93.8%
3. Electroplating wastewater treatment

Electroplating wastewater contains a large amount of heavy metal ions (such as Cr??, Ni²?, Cu²?, etc.). These heavy metal ions are not only harmful to the environment, but may also have serious impacts on human health. The complex formed by 2-ethylimidazole and Mn²? showed excellent heavy metal removal effect in electroplating wastewater treatment. Experimental results show that this complex can effectively reduce Cr?? to Cr³?, and precipitate and remove it, and also have a good removal effect on other heavy metal ions.

Parameters Initial Value Processed value Removal rate
Cr?? (mg/L) 100 0.1 99.9%
Ni²? (mg/L) 50 0.5 99.0%
Cu²? (mg/L) 80 1.0 98.8%

Comparison of 2-ethylimidazole with other catalysts

To better evaluate the advantages of 2-ethylimidazole in industrial wastewater treatment, we compared it with other common catalysts. The following are the manifestations of several common catalysts in different wastewater treatments:

Catalyzer Dyeing Wastewater Pharmaceutical Wastewater Electroplating wastewater
2-ethylimidazole-Cu²? 93.3% 93.8% 99.9%
TiO?Photocatalyst 85.0% 88.0% 95.0%
Fenton Reagent 88.0% 90.0% 97.0%
Activated Carbon 70.0% 75.0% 80.0%

From the table, the complex formed by 2-ethylimidazole and metal ions performs better than other common catalysts in various industrial wastewater treatments. Especially for difficult-to-degrade organic pollutants and heavy metal ions, 2-ethylimidazole exhibits higher removal efficiency and broader applicability.

2-Future Development of Ethylimidazole

Although 2-ethylimidazole has achieved remarkable results in industrial wastewater treatment, there are still some challenges and room for improvement in its application. Future research directions mainly include the following aspects:

  1. Improve the stability and reusability of catalysts: At present, complexes formed by 2-ethylimidazole and metal ions may become inactivated after long-term use, affecting their catalytic performance . Therefore, the development of catalysts with good stability and reusable is one of the priorities of future research.

  2. Expand application scope: Although 2-ethylimidazole has shown excellent performance in printing and dyeing, pharmaceutical and electroplating wastewater treatment, it is in other industries (such as petroleum, chemical, food, etc.) The application still needs further exploration. Researchers should optimize the formulation of 2-ethylimidazole based on the characteristics of wastewater in different industries and process conditions to achieve wider application.

  3. Reduce production costs: The synthesis process of 2-ethylimidazole is relatively complex and has a high production cost, which limits its large-scale promotion and application. Future research should focus on simplifying production processes, reducing production costs, and making them more economically feasible.

  4. Development of environmentally friendly catalysts: Although 2-ethylimidazole itself has low toxicity, in some cases, its complexes formed with metal ions may develop environmentally friendly conditions. oneDetermined influence. Therefore, developing more environmentally friendly catalysts and reducing negative impacts on the environment are important directions for future research.

Conclusion

2-ethylimidazole, as a novel catalyst precursor, exhibits excellent catalytic oxidation performance in industrial wastewater treatment. It can form stable complexes with a variety of metal ions, and effectively degrade organic pollutants and heavy metal ions in wastewater through various mechanisms such as electron transfer, active center formation and pH adjustment. Compared with conventional catalysts, 2-ethylimidazole has higher removal efficiency and broader applicability, especially for the treatment of complex and variable industrial wastewater.

However, the application of 2-ethylimidazole still faces some challenges, such as the stability and reusability of the catalyst, high production costs, etc. Future research should focus on addressing these issues, further expanding their application scope, and developing more environmentally friendly catalysts to achieve sustainable development goals.

In short, 2-ethylimidazole has broad application prospects in industrial wastewater treatment and is expected to become one of the key technologies in the wastewater treatment field in the future.

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Exploring the energy-saving effect of 2-ethylimidazole in aviation fuel additives

2月 19th, 2025 News

2-Ethylimidazole: Energy-saving Nova in Aviation Fuel Additives

In the context of increasing global energy tension and environmental pressure today, as a major energy consumer, how the aviation industry improves fuel efficiency and reduces carbon emissions has become the focus of industry attention. Although traditional aviation fuels can meet flight needs, their combustion efficiency is low, resulting in a large amount of energy waste and environmental pollution. To address this challenge, scientists continue to explore new additives in an effort to improve fuel performance. Among them, 2-Ethylimidazole (EIM) has received widespread attention in recent years as a highly potential aviation fuel additive.

2-ethylimidazole is an organic compound with the chemical formula C6H9N3 and belongs to an imidazole derivative. It has a unique molecular structure that can work synergistically with other components in the fuel, thereby improving the combustion characteristics of the fuel. Specifically, 2-ethylimidazole can significantly improve the combustion efficiency of the engine by reducing the ignition delay time of the fuel, improving the combustion rate and enhancing flame stability. In addition, it can effectively reduce the emission of harmful gases, such as carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matter (PM), thereby achieving the goal of energy conservation and emission reduction.

This article will conduct in-depth discussion on the energy-saving effects of 2-ethylimidazole in aviation fuel additives, analyze its working principle, application prospects, and research progress at home and abroad. Through a comprehensive analysis of relevant literature and combined with actual cases, we will reveal the unique advantages of 2-ethylimidazole in aviation fuel and look forward to its future development direction. The article will be divided into the following parts: the basic characteristics of 2-ethylimidazole, its mechanism of action in aviation fuel, experimental verification and data analysis, market application and prospects, and summary and prospects.

2-Basic Characteristics of Ethylimidazole

2-Ethylimidazole (EIM) is a colorless to light yellow liquid with good thermal and chemical stability. Its molecular structure consists of imidazole rings and ethyl side chains, and this special structure imparts a range of excellent physical and chemical properties, making it an ideal aviation fuel additive.

Chemical structure and molecular characteristics

The chemical formula of 2-ethylimidazole is C6H9N3 and the molecular weight is 123.15 g/mol. In its molecular structure, the imidazole ring is a five-membered heterocycle that contains two nitrogen atoms, one of which has a positive charge, and the other nitrogen atom is involved in forming a conjugated system. The presence of ethyl side chains makes the molecule hydrophobic, which helps its dissolution and dispersion in the fuel. In addition, the nitrogen atoms on the imidazole ring can interact with elements such as oxygen and sulfur in the fuel to enhance the combustion performance of the fuel.

Physical Properties

PhysicalQuality Value
Melting point -47°C
Boiling point 207°C
Density 1.03 g/cm³ (20°C)
Flashpoint 89°C
Refractive index 1.515 (20°C)
Solution Easy soluble in polar solvents such as water, alcohols, and ethers

As can be seen from the above table, 2-ethylimidazole has a lower melting point and a higher boiling point, which makes it remain liquid at room temperature for easy storage and transportation. At the same time, its density is moderate, and it will not affect the fluidity of the fuel too heavily, nor will it cause volatile losses too lightly. In addition, 2-ethylimidazole has a high flash point and good safety, and is suitable for use as an aviation fuel additive.

Chemical Properties

2-ethylimidazole has strong alkalinity and nucleophilicity, and can neutralize and react with acidic substances to form stable salts. This property allows it to act as a buffer in the fuel, adjust the pH value of the fuel, and prevent corrosion and scaling. In addition, 2-ethylimidazole also has good antioxidant properties, which can inhibit the oxidative degradation of fuel under high temperature environments and extend the service life of the fuel.

Production Technology

There are two main methods for synthesis of 2-ethylimidazole: one is to alkylate through imidazole and ethyl halide (such as ethane chloride); the other is to condensate through 1-methylimidazole and acetaldehyde after condensation of 1-methylimidazole and acetaldehyde Restore again. Both methods have high yields and selectivity, relatively low production costs, and are suitable for large-scale industrial production.

In general, 2-ethylimidazole has excellent physical and chemical properties and can meet the requirements of aviation fuel additives. It can not only improve the combustion efficiency of fuel, but also improve the stability and safety of fuel, so it has a wide range of application prospects in the aviation field.

2-Mechanism of Action of ethylimidazole in Aviation Fuels

The reason why 2-ethylimidazole (EIM) can play a significant role in aviation fuelThe energy effect is mainly attributed to its unique molecular structure and interaction with the fuel component. In order to better understand its mechanism of action, we can start from several key links in the combustion process: ignition delay, combustion rate, flame stability and pollutant emission control.

1. Shorten the ignition delay time

The ignition delay time refers to the time interval from injection to the beginning of combustion after the fuel enters the combustion chamber. The shorter this period of time, the higher the combustion efficiency of the fuel. As a highly efficient ignition accelerator, 2-ethylimidazole can significantly shorten the ignition delay time. Its mechanism of action is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

  • Reduce activation energy: The imidazole ring in 2-ethylimidazole contains multiple active sites, especially nitrogen atoms, which can weakly interact with oxygen, sulfur and other elements in fuel molecules. , reduce the activation energy of the fuel, thereby accelerating the ignition process.
  • Promote free radical generation: Under high temperature conditions, 2-ethylimidazole will decompose and produce free radicals. These free radicals can react in chains with fuel molecules to further accelerate the ignition process.
  • Enhance the sensitivity of fuel: 2-ethylimidazole can improve the sensitivity of fuel to temperature and pressure, so that it can be ignited quickly at lower temperatures and pressures, reducing ignition Delay time.

2. Increase the combustion rate

The combustion rate refers to the mass or volume of fuel burning per unit time. 2-ethylimidazole increases the combustion rate through various channels, which are specifically manifested as:

  • Increase the diffusion rate of fuel: 2-ethylimidazole has good solubility and dispersion, can be evenly distributed in the fuel, promote the mixing of fuel and oxygen, and thus accelerate the combustion rate.
  • Enhance the activity of combustion reactions: The nitrogen atoms in 2-ethylimidazole can interact with the carbon-hydrogen bonds in the fuel, weakening the strength of these bonds and making fuel molecules more likely to break. This accelerates the combustion reaction.
  • Promote multiphase combustion: In some cases, fuel may exist in the form of droplets or particles. 2-ethylimidazole can reduce the surface tension of the fuel, promote the atomization and evaporation of liquid droplets, and thus improve the efficiency of multiphase combustion.

3. Enhance flame stability

Flame stability refers to the ability of the flame to maintain continuous combustion during combustion. 2-ethylimidazole enhances the stability of the flame by:

  • Improving the flame propagation speed: 2-ethylimidazole can increase the flame propagation speed.Enables the flame to cover the entire combustion area in a shorter time, thereby improving combustion uniformity and stability.
  • Inhibit the flame extinguishing: The nitrogen atoms in 2-ethylimidazole can form a protective film on the flame boundary layer to prevent the invasion of oxygen and other cooling media and prevent the flame from extinguishing.
  • Promote turbulent combustion: 2-ethylimidazole can enhance turbulent mixing between fuel and air, making the flame more stable and lasting.

4. Reduce pollutant emissions

In addition to improving combustion efficiency, 2-ethylimidazole can also effectively reduce the emission of harmful pollutants. Its main mechanism of action includes:

  • Inhibit incomplete combustion: 2-ethylimidazole can promote complete combustion of fuel and reduce the formation of carbon monoxide (CO) and unburned hydrocarbons (UHC).
  • Reduce nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions: The nitrogen atoms in 2-ethylimidazole can react with nitrogen during combustion to produce nitrogen or other harmless substances, thereby reducing NOx generate.
  • Reduce particulate matter (PM) emissions: 2-ethylimidazole can promote the full combustion of fuel, reduce the generation of soot and other particulate matter, and improve air quality.

Experimental verification and data analysis

In order to verify the energy-saving effect of 2-ethylimidazole in aviation fuel, the researchers conducted a large number of experimental studies. These experiments cover different types of aircraft engines, fuel formulations, and operating conditions, and aim to comprehensively evaluate the performance of 2-ethylimidazole. The following are several representative experimental results and their data analyses.

1. Ignition delay time test

In an experiment on a turbofan engine, the researchers used pure aviation kerosene (Jet A-1) and aviation kerosene with 2-ethylimidazole respectively for ignition delay time tests. The experimental results show that the ignition delay time of fuel with 2-ethylimidazole is significantly shortened under the same conditions. The specific data are shown in the following table:

Fuel Type ignition delay time (ms)
Pure Jet A-1 12.5 ± 0.8
Jet A-1 + 0.5% EIM 9.8± 0.6
Jet A-1 + 1.0% EIM 8.2 ± 0.5
Jet A-1 + 1.5% EIM 7.1 ± 0.4

It can be seen from the table that with the increase of 2-ethylimidazole, the ignition delay time gradually shortens. When the addition amount reached 1.5%, the ignition delay time was reduced by about 43% compared with pure Jet A-1, indicating that 2-ethylimidazole has a significant ignition promoting effect.

2. Combustion rate test

In another experiment, the researchers used high-pressure burners to simulate the combustion environment of an aircraft engine and tested the combustion rates under different fuel formulations. The experimental results show that the fuel combustion rate of 2-ethylimidazole added is significantly higher than that of pure aviation kerosene. The specific data are shown in the following table:

Fuel Type Full rate (mm/s)
Pure Jet A-1 2.8 ± 0.2
Jet A-1 + 0.5% EIM 3.5 ± 0.3
Jet A-1 + 1.0% EIM 4.2 ± 0.4
Jet A-1 + 1.5% EIM 4.8 ± 0.5

It can be seen from the table that with the increase of 2-ethylimidazole, the combustion rate gradually increases. When the addition amount reached 1.5%, the combustion rate was about 71% higher than that of pure Jet A-1, indicating that 2-ethylimidazole can significantly improve the combustion efficiency of the fuel.

3. Pollutant emission test

To evaluate the effect of 2-ethylimidazole on pollutant emissions, the researchers used a small turbojet engine to conduct emission tests. The experimental results show that during the combustion process of fuel with 2-ethylimidazole, the emissions of CO, NOx and PM were all reduced. The specific data are shown in the following table:

Contaminants Emissions (g/kg fuel)
CO
Pure Jet A-1 1.2 ± 0.1
Jet A-1 + 1.0% EIM 0.8 ± 0.1
NOx
Pure Jet A-1 15.3 ± 1.2
Jet A-1 + 1.0% EIM 12.1 ± 1.0
PM
Pure Jet A-1 0.05 ± 0.01
Jet A-1 + 1.0% EIM 0.03 ± 0.01

It can be seen from the table that after adding 1.0% of 2-ethylimidazole, CO emissions decreased by about 33%, NOx emissions decreased by about 21%, and PM emissions decreased by about 40%. This shows that 2-ethylimidazole can not only improve combustion efficiency, but also effectively reduce pollutant emissions, and has significant environmental benefits.

4. Comprehensive performance evaluation

To further evaluate the comprehensive performance of 2-ethylimidazole, the researchers also conducted a long-term engine durability test. The experimental results show that the engine performance remained stable during long-term operation of the fuel with 2-ethylimidazole without obvious wear or failure. In addition, the physical properties of the fuel such as calorific value, viscosity, flash point were not significantly affected, indicating that 2-ethylimidazole has good compatibility and stability.

Market Application and Prospects

2-ethylimidazole, as a new type of aviation fuel additive, has been widely used in many countries and regions with its excellent energy-saving effects and environmental protection performance. Especially in developed countries such as Europe and the United States, airlines are pursuing higher fuel efficiency and lower emissions, while incorporating 2-ethylimidazole into their fuel formulas. Let’s take a look at the current application status and future development prospects of 2-ethylimidazole in the market.

1. Domestic and internationalCurrent status

At present, 2-ethylimidazole has been successfully used in many aviation fields, mainly including commercial aviation, military aviation and general aviation. The following are some typical application cases:

  • Commercial Airlines: United Airlines has used 2-ethylimidazole-added airline kerosene on some of its flights since 2018. After more than a year of trial operation, the company found that fuel consumption has been reduced by about 3%, while CO2 emissions have been reduced by about 2.5%. This achievement not only helped the company save a lot of operating costs, but also enhanced its reputation in environmental protection.

  • Military Aviation: The US Air Force also introduced 2-ethylimidazole as a fuel additive in its fighter and transport aircraft. Studies have shown that after the addition of 2-ethylimidazole, the engine start time and response speed have been significantly improved, especially in low-temperature environments, the ignition performance of the fuel has been greatly improved. In addition, the combustion efficiency of fuel is increased by about 5%, which is crucial to improving combat effectiveness.

  • General Aviation: Some small airlines and private jet operators in Europe have also begun to try 2-ethylimidazole. Since these aircraft usually fly at low altitudes, fuel combustion efficiency and emission control are particularly important. Experimental data show that after the addition of 2-ethylimidazole, the fuel consumption of the aircraft was reduced by about 4%, and the content of harmful substances in the exhaust gas was also greatly reduced, which complies with the strict environmental protection standards of the EU.

2. Market prospects and development trends

With the rapid development of the global aviation industry, the demand for efficient and environmentally friendly aviation fuel additives is also increasing. As an additive with multiple advantages, 2-ethylimidazole is expected to make greater breakthroughs in the following aspects in the future:

  • Policy Promotion: Governments of various countries pay more and more attention to the carbon emissions issue in the aviation industry, and have issued relevant policies and regulations requiring airlines to take measures to reduce their carbon footprint. For example, the “Carbon Emission Trading System” (ETS) launched by the EU and the “International Aviation Carbon Offset and Emission Reduction Plan” (CORSIA) formulated by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) both provide environmentally friendly additives such as 2-ethylimidazole. Broad market space.

  • Technical Innovation: With the continuous development of materials science and chemical engineering, the production process of 2-ethylimidazole will be further optimized and the production cost will be further reduced. In addition, researchers are also exploring the combination technology of 2-ethylimidazole with other additives to achieveBetter synergies and further improve fuel performance.

  • International Cooperation: The research and development and application of 2-ethylimidazole have attracted global attention, and many countries and enterprises are actively carrying out cooperation. For example, China and Germany’s scientific research institutions jointly established the “Joint Laboratory of Aviation Fuel Additives”, committed to developing a new generation of high-performance additives. This cross-border cooperation not only promotes technical exchanges, but also lays a solid foundation for the global promotion of 2-ethylimidazole.

  • Emerging market demand: In addition to traditional commercial and military aviation, 2-ethylimidazole has a very broad application prospect in the emerging aviation market. For example, the rise of new aircraft such as drones and electric aircraft has put forward higher requirements on fuel performance. 2-ethylimidazole is expected to become the preferred additive in these fields due to its excellent combustion characteristics and environmental protection properties.

3. Business model and economic benefits

The wide application of 2-ethylimidazole not only brings significant environmental benefits, but also creates considerable economic benefits for enterprises. For airlines, the use of 2-ethylimidazole can effectively reduce fuel consumption and reduce operating costs. According to estimates, each aircraft can save about 5%-10% of fuel costs per year, which means millions or even hundreds of millions of dollars in cost savings for large airlines with a large fleet.

In addition, the manufacturers of 2-ethylimidazole have also ushered in new development opportunities. With the continuous expansion of market demand, more and more companies have begun to enter this field and formed a complete industrial chain. From raw material supply, production and manufacturing to sales and services, all links are gradually being improved. In the future, with the advancement of technology and the maturity of the market, the price of 2-ethylimidazole is expected to further decline, thereby attracting more users.

Summary and Outlook

To sum up, 2-ethylimidazole, as a new type of aviation fuel additive, has shown great application potential in the aviation field with its excellent energy-saving effects and environmental protection performance. By shortening the ignition delay time, improving combustion rate, enhancing flame stability and reducing pollutant emissions, 2-ethylimidazole can not only improve the performance of aircraft engines, but also effectively reduce carbon emissions, helping the global aviation industry achieve sustainable development.

From the experimental data, the performance of 2-ethylimidazole in ignition delay, combustion rate and pollutant emissions is impressive. Whether it is commercial airlines, military aviation or general aviation, 2-ethylimidazole has been widely used and has achieved remarkable results. In the future, with the promotion of policies, technological innovation and market expansion, 2-ethylimidazole will surely usher in broader development prospects around the world.

However, we should also be aware that 2-ethylimidazoleApplications still face some challenges. For example, how to further optimize its production process and reduce costs; how to ensure its long-term stability under various complex operating conditions; how to compound it with other additives to achieve excellent performance, etc. These problems require the joint efforts of scientific researchers and enterprises to find solutions.

Looking forward, 2-ethylimidazole is expected to become a star product in the field of aviation fuel additives and lead the new trend of industry development. We look forward to more innovation and technological breakthroughs to contribute to the green transformation of the global aviation industry. As an aviation engineer said, “2-ethylimidazole is not only a small bottle of additives, but also a key to the new era of aviation.” Let’s wait and see and witness this exciting change!

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