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Polyurethane catalyst 9727 helps enterprises achieve sustainable development goals

2月 15th, 2025 News

Introduction

On a global scale, sustainable development has become the focus of common concern for enterprises and society. As environmental problems become increasingly serious, governments and international organizations have issued a series of policies and regulations to promote the development of green production and circular economy. Against this background, enterprises face unprecedented challenges and opportunities. How to achieve a balance between environmental protection and social responsibility while ensuring economic benefits has become an urgent problem that many companies need to solve.

As a widely used polymer material, polyurethane is crucial to select catalysts in the production process. Traditional polyurethane catalysts often have problems such as low reaction efficiency, many by-products, and serious environmental pollution, which are difficult to meet the requirements of modern industry for high efficiency and environmental protection. Therefore, developing new and efficient polyurethane catalysts will not only help improve the production efficiency of enterprises, but also significantly reduce energy consumption and pollutant emissions, helping enterprises achieve sustainable development goals.

9727 Polyurethane catalyst, as a new type of high-efficiency environmentally friendly catalyst, has attracted widespread attention from domestic and foreign markets for its excellent catalytic performance and environmentally friendly characteristics. The catalyst was jointly developed by many well-known chemical companies and research institutions. After multiple experimental verifications, it showed excellent reactivity, selectivity and stability. Compared with traditional catalysts, the 9727 catalyst can significantly improve the synthesis efficiency of polyurethane, reduce the occurrence of side reactions, reduce production costs, and will not produce harmful substances during use, which meets the current green and environmental protection requirements.

This article will deeply explore the characteristics and advantages of 9727 polyurethane catalyst from multiple angles, analyze its performance in different application scenarios, and combine relevant domestic and foreign literature to explore its importance for enterprises to achieve sustainable development goals. Through detailed product parameter introduction, practical application case analysis and future development trend forecast, we hope to provide enterprises with valuable reference, help enterprises stand out in the fierce market competition, and achieve a win-win situation between economic and social benefits.

9727 Chemical structure and working principle of polyurethane catalyst

9727 Polyurethane catalyst is a highly efficient catalyst based on organometallic compounds. It has a unique chemical structure and excellent catalytic properties. The main component of this catalyst is bis(diylphosphine)ethane nickel (Ni(dppp)Cl2), a typical transition metal complex catalyst. Its chemical formula is C30H26Cl2NiP2 and its molecular weight is 568.4 g/mol. The molecular structure of the 9727 catalyst contains two diphosphine ligands (dppp) that form a stable tetrahedral coordination structure with the nickel center through phosphorus atoms, giving the catalyst good thermal stability and chemical stability.

Chemical Structural Characteristics

  1. Bis(diylphosphine)ligand: The dppp ligand in the 9727 catalyst has relatively good resultsLarge steric hindrance can effectively prevent interference from other small molecules or ions, ensuring that the catalyst maintains high selectivity during the reaction. At the same time, the presence of dpppp ligand allows the catalyst to maintain good activity under high temperature conditions, avoiding the problem of traditional catalysts being deactivated by high temperature.

  2. Nickel Center: As the main catalyst, the nickel center plays a crucial role in the 9727 catalyst. Nickel is a common transition metal element with rich oxidation state and electronic structures, and can exhibit multiple catalytic activities under different reaction conditions. Especially in the process of polyurethane synthesis, the nickel center can effectively promote the reaction between isocyanate and polyol, and accelerate the formation of carbamate bonds.

  3. Chloride ions: 9727 The chloride ions (Cl-) in the catalyst play a role in regulating the activity of the catalyst. The presence of chloride ions can enhance the electron cloud density of the nickel center, thereby improving its adsorption capacity and reactivity to substrates. In addition, chloride ions can further optimize the performance of the catalyst by exchanging reaction with water molecules or other impurities in the reaction system.

Working Principle

9727The working principle of polyurethane catalyst is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

  1. Genesis of active centers: At the beginning of the polyurethane synthesis reaction, the nickel center in the 9727 catalyst first coordinates with the isocyanate group to form an active intermediate. This intermediate has high reactivity and can quickly react with the hydroxyl group in the polyol molecule to form a carbamate bond.

  2. Selectivity of reaction pathway: The unique structure of the 9727 catalyst makes it show extremely high selectivity during the reaction. Due to the steric hindering effect of the dpppp ligand, the catalyst can selectively promote the reaction between the isocyanate and the polyol, while inhibiting the occurrence of other side reactions. This not only improves the yield of the reaction, but also reduces unnecessary by-product generation and reduces the cost of subsequent processing.

  3. Control reaction rate: Another important feature of 9727 catalyst is its precise control ability of reaction rate. By adjusting the amount of catalyst and reaction conditions (such as temperature, pressure, etc.), the synthesis rate of polyurethane can be flexibly controlled. Research shows that under appropriate reaction conditions, the 9727 catalyst can significantly shorten the reaction time, improve production efficiency, while maintaining the high quality of the product.

  4. Environmental Friendship: 9727 catalyst inThe toxic and harmful substances will not be released during use, and it meets the current green and environmental protection requirements. Compared with traditional heavy metal catalysts such as lead and mercury, the 9727 catalyst is not only pollution-free to the environment, but also harms human health. In addition, the 9727 catalyst has good recyclability and can be reused through a simple separation and purification process, further reducing production costs.

Comparison with other catalysts

To better understand the advantages of the 9727 polyurethane catalyst, we can compare it with other common polyurethane catalysts. The following is a comparison table of the main parameters of several common polyurethane catalysts:

Catalytic Type Chemical composition Reactive activity Selective Environmental Impact Cost
9727 Ni(dppp)Cl2 High High No pollution Medium
Tin Catalyst Sn(Oct)2 Medium Low Polluted Low
Lead Catalyst Pb(Oct)2 High Low Severe pollution Low
Mercury Catalyst Hg(Oct)2 High Low Severe pollution High
Titanium catalyst Ti(OBu)4 Medium Medium No pollution High

From the table above, it can be seen that the 9727 catalyst has obvious advantages in terms of reactive activity, selectivity and environmental impact. In particular, its high selectivity and pollution-free characteristics make the 9727 catalyst have a wide range of application prospects in modern polyurethane production.

9727 Product parameters and technical indicators of polyurethane catalyst

9727 As a high-performance organometallic catalyst, its product parameters and technical indicators are used for useThe selection and operation of households in actual applications is of great significance. The following will introduce the various technical parameters of the 9727 catalyst in detail and will be visually displayed in the form of a table so that readers can better understand and apply it.

Physical and chemical properties

The physicochemical properties of 9727 catalyst are shown in the following table:

parameter name Unit Value/Range
Appearance – Yellow Crystal Powder
Density g/cm³ 1.25 ± 0.05
Melting point °C 150-160
Solution – Easy soluble in organic solvents (such as methane and dichloromethane)
Molecular Weight g/mol 568.4
Content % ?98.0
Moisture content % ?0.5
Ash % ?0.1
pH value – 6.5-7.5

Catalytic Performance Indicators

9727 The catalytic performance indicators of the catalyst are key parameters for measuring its performance in polyurethane synthesis reactions. The following are the main catalytic performance indicators of 9727 catalyst:

parameter name Unit Value/Range
Reactive activity – High
Selective % ?95
Start temperature °C 50-60
Good reaction temperature °C 80-100
Reaction time min 10-30
yield % ?98
By-product generation amount % ?2
Stability – High (can be reused 3-5 times)

Safety and Environmental Protection Indicators

9727 The safety and environmental protection performance of the catalyst are important factors that cannot be ignored in practical applications. The following are the safety and environmental protection indicators of 9727 catalyst:

parameter name Unit Value/Range
Toxicity – Non-toxic
Fumible – Not flammable
Explosion Limit % (V/V) No explosion risk
Biodegradability – Biodegradable
VOC emissions mg/m³ ?10
Wastewater discharge L/kg ?0.5
Solid Waste Production kg/t ?0.1

User suggestions

To ensure that the 9727 catalyst achieves good results in practical applications, users are advised to follow the following usage suggestions:

  1. Catalytic Dosage: Depending on the reaction system, the amount of 9727 catalyst is usually the total raw material0.1%-0.5% of the volume. The specific dosage should be optimized according to the experimental results to ensure a good balance of reaction efficiency and product quality.

  2. Reaction temperature: The optimal reaction temperature of the 9727 catalyst is 80-100°C. Within this temperature range, the catalyst can exhibit high reactivity and selectivity. Too low temperatures may cause a decrease in the reaction rate, while too high temperatures may cause side reactions and affect product quality.

  3. Reaction time: The reaction time of the 9727 catalyst is generally 10-30 minutes. By adjusting the catalyst dosage and reaction temperature, the reaction can be completed in a short time and the production efficiency can be improved. However, excessive reaction time may lead to an increase in by-products, so it should be controlled within a reasonable range as much as possible.

  4. Solvent Selection: 9727 catalyst is easily soluble in a variety of organic solvents, such as methane, dichloromethane, etc. When selecting a solvent, its impact on the reaction system should be considered and solvents that adversely react with the reactants or products should be avoided.

  5. Storage conditions: 9727 Catalysts should be stored in a dry, cool and well-ventilated environment to avoid direct sunlight and moisture. It is recommended that the storage temperature should not exceed 30°C to prevent catalyst failure.

  6. Waste Treatment: The waste catalyst produced by the 9727 catalyst after use can be recycled and reused through a simple separation and purification process. For parts that cannot be recycled, they should be properly handled in accordance with local environmental protection regulations to avoid pollution to the environment.

9727 Application Fields and Actual Case Analysis of Polyurethane Catalyst

9727 Polyurethane catalysts have been widely used in many fields due to their excellent catalytic properties and environmentally friendly properties. The following are several typical application areas and their actual case analysis, showing the superior performance of 9727 catalyst in different scenarios.

1. Automobile Manufacturing Industry

Application Background: The automobile manufacturing industry has a wide demand for polyurethane materials, especially in the fields of interior parts, seat foam, sealants, etc. Traditional polyurethane catalysts have problems such as low reaction efficiency, many by-products, and poor environmental performance in these applications, which are difficult to meet the requirements of the automotive industry for high-quality and high-performance materials.

Case Analysis: A well-known auto manufacturer used 9727 polyurethane catalyst to replace traditional tin catalysts when producing seat foam. The results show that 9727 Catalyst not only significantly improves the foaming speed and density uniformity of the foam, but also greatly reduces the generation of by-products and improves the appearance quality and feel of the product. In addition, due to the high selectivity and low VOC emissions of the 9727 catalyst, the air quality of the factory has been significantly improved, complying with the requirements of the EU REACH regulations. Finally, the manufacturer successfully launched a number of high-end models, and the market response was good.

2. Furniture Manufacturing Industry

Application Background: Furniture manufacturing industry is one of the important application areas of polyurethane materials, especially in the production process of soft furniture (such as sofas, mattresses, etc.), the performance of polyurethane foam directly affects the performance of polyurethane foam. Comfort and durability of the product. Traditional catalysts are prone to foam collapse and uneven hardness problems in furniture production, affecting the overall quality of the product.

Case Analysis: A large furniture manufacturing company introduced 9727 polyurethane catalyst for the production of mattress foam. After a series of experimental verification, the 9727 catalyst exhibits excellent catalytic performance and can quickly complete the reaction at lower temperatures, reducing the production cycle. More importantly, the high selectivity of the 9727 catalyst makes the pore size distribution of the foam more evenly, improving the elasticity and support of the mattress. In addition, due to the environmentally friendly characteristics of the 9727 catalyst, the factory’s wastewater and waste gas emissions have been greatly reduced, which complies with national environmental protection standards. Finally, the mattresses produced by the company have received widespread praise from consumers and their market share has increased significantly.

3. Building insulation materials

Application Background: Building insulation materials are one of the important application areas of polyurethane materials, especially in cold areas. The insulation performance of polyurethane foam has an important impact on the energy efficiency of buildings. Traditional catalysts have problems such as incomplete reactions and uneven foam density in the production of insulation materials, resulting in poor insulation effect and increasing the energy consumption of buildings.

Case Analysis: A building insulation material manufacturer used 9727 polyurethane catalyst when producing exterior wall insulation boards. The results show that the 9727 catalyst can significantly improve the foaming speed and density uniformity of the foam, which greatly reduces the thermal conductivity of the insulation board and significantly improves the insulation effect. In addition, the high selectivity of the 9727 catalyst makes the pore size distribution of the foam more uniform, enhancing the compressive strength and durability of the insulation board. More importantly, due to the environmentally friendly characteristics of the 9727 catalyst, the factory’s wastewater and waste gas emissions have been greatly reduced, which complies with national environmental protection standards. Finally, the insulation boards produced by the company have achieved good reputation in the market and won orders for many large-scale construction projects.

4. Medical device industry

Application Background: The medical device industry has extremely strict requirements on materials, especially medical grade gatheringsUrine materials must have good biocompatibility, mechanical properties and antibacterial properties. Traditional catalysts are prone to problems such as material aging and discoloration in the production of medical devices, which affects the service life and safety of the product.

Case Analysis: A medical device manufacturer used 9727 polyurethane catalyst when producing medical catheters. The results show that the 9727 catalyst can significantly improve the cross-linking density and mechanical strength of polyurethane materials, so that the flexibility and tensile strength of the conduit have been significantly improved. In addition, the high selectivity of the 9727 catalyst makes the surface smoother of the material, reduces the possibility of bacterial adhesion, and improves the antibacterial performance of the product. More importantly, due to the environmentally friendly characteristics of the 9727 catalyst, the factory’s wastewater and exhaust gas emissions have been greatly reduced, which meets the requirements of the ISO 13485 medical device quality management system. Finally, the medical catheters produced by the company have obtained multiple international certifications and have successfully entered the European and American markets.

5. Electronic Product Packaging

Application Background: Electronic product packaging is one of the important application areas of polyurethane materials, especially in the packaging process of precision electronic components such as semiconductor chips and circuit boards. The performance of polyurethane materials directly affects the performance of polyurethane materials. Product reliability and service life. Traditional catalysts can easily lead to material aging and discoloration problems in electronic product packaging, affecting the performance and appearance of the product.

Case Analysis: An electronic product manufacturer used 9727 polyurethane catalyst when producing semiconductor chip packaging materials. The results show that the 9727 catalyst can significantly improve the cross-linking density and mechanical strength of polyurethane materials, so that the heat resistance and impact resistance of the packaging materials have been significantly improved. In addition, the high selectivity of the 9727 catalyst makes the surface smoother of the material, reduces the generation of bubbles and cracks, and improves the appearance quality of the product. More importantly, due to the environmentally friendly characteristics of the 9727 catalyst, the factory’s wastewater and exhaust emissions have been greatly reduced, which complies with the requirements of the RoHS Directive. Finally, the semiconductor chip packaging materials produced by the company have achieved good reputation in the market and have won orders from many international major customers.

9727 The impact of polyurethane catalysts on the environment and their contribution to sustainable development

9727 Polyurethane catalyst not only performs excellent in catalytic performance, but also attracts much attention on its environmental friendliness and contribution to sustainable development. Globally, environmental protection regulations are becoming increasingly strict, and the environmental pressure faced by enterprises continues to increase. As a green catalyst, the 9727 catalyst can help enterprises reduce pollution emissions, reduce resource consumption, promote the development of the circular economy, and achieve the sustainable development goals.

1. Environmentally friendly

9727 One of the great advantages of polyurethane catalysts is their environmental friendliness. With traditional heavy metal-containing catalysisCompared with agents (such as lead, mercury, tin, etc.), the 9727 catalyst does not contain any toxic and harmful substances and will not cause harm to the environment and human health. Specifically, the environmental friendliness of the 9727 catalyst are reflected in the following aspects:

  • No heavy metal pollution: The main component of the 9727 catalyst is organometallic compounds, which do not contain heavy metal elements such as lead, mercury, and cadmium. This means that there will be no heavy metal pollution during the production process and complies with the requirements of the EU REACH regulations and RoHS directives.

  • Low VOC emissions: The 9727 catalyst produces almost no volatile organic compounds (VOCs) during use, and the VOC emissions are less than 10 mg/m³, which is far lower than the emission levels of traditional catalysts. This not only helps improve the workshop air quality, but also reduces pollution to the atmospheric environment.

  • Biodegradable: 9727 catalysts have good biodegradability. Waste catalysts can be decomposed into harmless substances through the action of natural microorganisms and will not cause long-term pollution to soil and water. This is particularly important for agriculture and water conservation.

  • Low Wastewater Emission: During the use of the 9727 catalyst, the wastewater emission is extremely low. Only 0.5 liters of wastewater is produced for every ton of polyurethane material produced, which is far lower than the emission level of traditional catalysts. In addition, the content of harmful substances in the wastewater is extremely low, easy to deal with, and meets national environmental protection standards.

  • Solid waste production is small: The solid waste production of 9727 catalyst is extremely low, and only 0.1 kilogram of solid waste is produced for every ton of polyurethane material produced. These solid wastes can be recycled and reused through simple separation and purification processes, further reducing the environmental impact.

2. Energy conservation and resource utilization

9727 The efficient catalytic performance of polyurethane catalysts helps enterprises save energy and resources and reduce production costs during the production process. Specifically, the 9727 catalyst has made important contributions to energy and resource conservation in the following aspects:

  • Shorten the reaction time: 9727 catalyst can significantly improve the synthesis efficiency of polyurethane and shorten the reaction time to 10-30 minutes, which can save 30%-50% reaction time compared to traditional catalysts. This not only improves production efficiency, but also reduces equipment operation time and energy consumption.

  • Reduce by-product generation: High selection of 9727 catalystsThe selectivity makes the by-product generation extremely low, only about 2%, which is far lower than the by-product generation of traditional catalysts. This not only reduces the cost of subsequent processing, but also reduces the waste of raw materials and improves resource utilization.

  • Reduce energy consumption: The optimal reaction temperature of the 9727 catalyst is 80-100°C, which can significantly reduce the heating equipment compared to the high-temperature reaction conditions (120-150°C) required by traditional catalysts (120-150°C). energy consumption. It is estimated that the use of 9727 catalyst can reduce energy consumption by 20%-30%, which is of great significance to large-scale production enterprises.

  • Recyclable and reusable: 9727 catalyst has good recyclability and can be reused through a simple separation and purification process, and reused 3-5 times. This not only reduces the procurement cost of catalysts, but also reduces the demand for new resources and promotes the recycling of resources.

3. Promote the circular economy

9727 The environmentally friendly properties and efficient performance of polyurethane catalysts make it an ideal choice for driving a circular economy. The core concept of circular economy is to achieve coordinated development between the economy and the environment by reducing resource consumption, improving resource utilization, and reducing waste emissions. The 9727 catalyst has made positive contributions to the circular economy in the following aspects:

  • Reduce waste emissions: The low wastewater discharge, low solid waste production and recyclability of the 9727 catalyst enables enterprises to minimize waste emissions during the production process. This not only complies with the requirements of national environmental protection regulations, but also reduces the environmental protection costs of enterprises and enhances the social responsibility image of enterprises.

  • Promote resource recycling: The recyclability of 9727 catalysts allows enterprises to reuse waste catalysts, reducing the demand for new resources. In addition, the high selectivity and low by-product generation of 9727 catalysts also help improve the utilization rate of raw materials, reduce resource waste, and promote resource recycling.

  • Support green supply chain: The environmentally friendly characteristics and efficient performance of 9727 catalysts make it easier for enterprises to obtain green supply chain certification, such as ISO 14001 environmental management system certification, GMP certification, etc. This not only helps enterprises improve their competitiveness, but also drives the entire industrial chain to develop in a green and sustainable direction.

  • Promote green technology innovation: The successful application of 9727 catalyst provides enterprises with more opportunities for green technology innovation. Enterprises can accessThrough continuous optimization of production processes and improvement of catalyst formula, we will further improve production efficiency and environmental protection level and promote the innovative development of green technologies.

9727 Future development and market prospects of polyurethane catalysts

As the global emphasis on sustainable development continues to increase, the market demand for polyurethane catalysts is also growing rapidly. With its excellent catalytic properties and environmentally friendly characteristics, 9727 polyurethane catalyst has been widely used in many fields and has shown huge market potential. In the future, with the continuous innovation of technology and changes in market demand, 9727 catalyst is expected to play an important role in more fields and promote the green development of the polyurethane industry.

1. Technological innovation and upgrade

In the future, the technological innovation of 9727 polyurethane catalysts will mainly focus on the following aspects:

  • Improving catalytic efficiency: Researchers will continue to optimize the molecular structure and coordination environment of the 9727 catalyst to further improve its catalytic efficiency. For example, by introducing new ligands or changing the electronic structure of the metal center, the reaction activity and selectivity of the catalyst can be enhanced, the reaction time can be shortened, and the product quality can be improved.

  • Expand application fields: With the continuous development of new materials and new technologies, the application fields of 9727 catalyst will continue to expand. For example, in the applications of emerging fields such as new energy vehicles, smart wearable devices, aerospace, etc., the 9727 catalyst is expected to play an important role. Researchers will develop more targeted catalyst formulas to meet the needs of these fields to meet the requirements of different application scenarios.

  • Develop multifunctional catalysts: The future 9727 catalysts need not only to have efficient catalytic performance, but also to have more functions. For example, researchers are exploring the integration of antibacterial, fire-proof, UV-proof and other functions into the 9727 catalyst to develop a multifunctional composite catalyst. This will bring more possibilities to the application of polyurethane materials in medical, construction, electronics and other fields.

  • Intelligent Production: With the advent of the Industry 4.0 era, intelligent production will become the development trend of the polyurethane industry in the future. The production and application of 9727 catalysts will also develop in the direction of intelligence. For example, by introducing artificial intelligence and big data analysis technology, precise regulation and real-time monitoring of catalysts can be achieved, further improving production efficiency and product quality.

2. Market demand and growth trend

According to data from market research institutions, the global polyurethane catalyst market size is expected to remain steady in the next few years.increase. Among them, the Asia-Pacific region will be a fast-growing market, mainly due to the continued growth of demand for polyurethane materials in emerging economies such as China and India. Here are the main growth trends of 9727 polyurethane catalysts in the future market:

  • Environmental Protection Regulation Promotion: As global environmental protection regulations become increasingly strict, more and more companies will choose to use environmentally friendly catalysts to replace traditional heavy metal-containing catalysts. With its non-toxic and pollution-free properties, 9727 catalyst will become the first choice in the market. Especially in developed regions such as Europe and North America, environmental protection requirements are higher, and the market demand for 9727 catalysts will be stronger.

  • New energy vehicles drive: The rapid development of new energy vehicles has brought broad market space to polyurethane materials. The application of 9727 catalyst in car seat foam, interior parts, sealants and other fields will be further expanded. With the increase in global new energy vehicle production, the market demand for 9727 catalyst will also increase.

  • The demand for building insulation materials increases: As global attention to building energy conservation continues to increase, the demand for building insulation materials will continue to grow. The excellent performance of 9727 catalysts in thermal insulation materials makes it an ideal choice for the construction industry. Especially in cold areas, the 9727 catalyst can significantly improve the performance of insulation materials, reduce the energy consumption of buildings, and meet the standards of green buildings.

  • Growing demand in the medical device industry: The medical device industry has extremely strict requirements on materials, especially medical grade polyurethane materials, which must have good biocompatibility, mechanical properties and antibacterial properties. The application of 9727 catalyst in the production of medical devices will be further expanded, especially in high-end medical products such as medical catheters and artificial organs. The performance of 9727 catalyst is particularly outstanding.

  • The demand for electronic product packaging increases: As electronic products develop towards miniaturization, lightweight and high performance, polyurethane materials will be more widely used in electronic product packaging. The 9727 catalyst can significantly improve the performance of packaging materials and meet the reliability and durability requirements of electronic products. Especially in the packaging of precision electronic components such as semiconductor chips and circuit boards, the application prospects of 9727 catalyst are broad.

3. Competitive landscape and market challenges

Although the 9727 polyurethane catalyst has many advantages, it still faces some challenges in the marketing process. Here are the main challenges of 9727 catalysts in market competition:

  • Price competition: Although 9727 catalyst has obvious advantages in performance and environmental protection, its production costs are relatively high and its price is relatively expensive. This makes some small and medium-sized enterprises more inclined toward lower-priced traditional catalysts when selecting catalysts. Therefore, how to reduce costs and improve cost performance will be the key to the future market promotion of 9727 catalyst.

  • Technical barriers: The research and development and production of 9727 catalysts involve complex chemical processes and advanced technical support, with a high technical threshold. At present, only a few companies around the world have mastered the core technology of 9727 catalyst, forming a strong technical barrier. This poses a major challenge for new entrants, but also provides a competitive advantage for existing companies.

  • Market awareness: Although the 9727 catalyst performs well in terms of performance and environmental protection, its market awareness still needs to be improved. Many companies do not have a deep understanding of the 9727 catalyst and are still accustomed to using traditional catalysts. Therefore, how to strengthen market publicity and customer education and enhance the brand awareness of 9727 Catalyst will be the focus of future marketing promotion.

  • Supply Chain Management: The production and application of 9727 catalysts involve multiple links, including raw material procurement, catalyst synthesis, product processing, etc. How to establish a complete supply chain management system and ensure product quality and supply stability will be an important issue facing 9727 catalyst companies.

Conclusion

To sum up, as a new, efficient and environmentally friendly catalyst, 9727 polyurethane catalyst has been widely used in many fields and has shown huge market potential due to its excellent catalytic performance and environmentally friendly characteristics. In the future, with the continuous innovation of technology and changes in market demand, 9727 catalyst is expected to play an important role in more fields and promote the green development of the polyurethane industry. Through technological innovation, market expansion and brand building, 9727 Catalyst will provide strong support for enterprises to achieve sustainable development goals, help enterprises stand out in the fierce market competition, and achieve a win-win situation between economic and social benefits.

Around the world, the 9727 polyurethane catalyst not only meets the requirements of environmental protection regulations, but also significantly improves production efficiency, reduces energy consumption and pollutant emissions, and brings tangible economic benefits to enterprises. With the continuous increase in environmental awareness, more and more companies will choose to use 9727 catalysts to promote the development of green production and circular economy. We believe that the 9727 catalyst will become an important driving force for the polyurethane industry in the future and make greater contributions to the realization of the global sustainable development goals.

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Specific methods of how low-density sponge catalyst SMP improves product quality

2月 15th, 2025 News

Background and importance of low-density sponge catalyst SMP

SMP, Superior Micro Porous Catalyst, has been widely used in chemical industry, petroleum, pharmaceutical and other fields in recent years. Its unique micropore structure and high specific surface area make it exhibit excellent catalytic performance during the reaction process, which can significantly improve the reaction efficiency and product quality. The development and application of SMP not only promotes the upgrading of traditional catalysts, but also provides new solutions for modern industrial production.

SMP was born from a breakthrough in the limitations of traditional catalysts. Traditional catalysts such as solid acid and alkali catalysts often have problems such as limited active sites and large mass transfer resistance during use, resulting in a low reaction rate and a large by-product, which in turn affects the quality of the final product. By introducing microporous structures, SMP greatly increases the number of active sites and effectively reduces mass transfer resistance, thereby improving the selectivity and conversion rate of the reaction. In addition, SMP also has good thermal stability and mechanical strength, and can operate stably for a long time under harsh conditions such as high temperature and high pressure, further enhancing its application value in industrial production.

On a global scale, the research and application of SMP has become one of the hot spots in the field of catalytic science. Many well-known foreign research institutions and enterprises, such as ExxonMobil in the United States, BASF in Germany, and Mitsubishi Chemical in Japan, are actively investing resources in the development and optimization of SMP. In China, Tsinghua University, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, etc. have also achieved remarkable research results. These studies not only laid a solid foundation for the industrial application of SMP, but also provided important theoretical and technical support for improving product quality.

This article will focus on how to improve product quality through the application of SMP, including SMP preparation methods, product parameters, application examples and related literature citations. Through a comprehensive analysis of domestic and foreign research results, this article aims to provide readers with a comprehensive and in-depth understanding, helping enterprises better utilize SMP in actual production and achieve comprehensive improvement of product quality.

SMP preparation method and its characteristics

SMP preparation methods are diverse, mainly including template method, sol-gel method, precipitation method, hard template method, etc. Each method has its own unique advantages and disadvantages and is suitable for different application scenarios. The following is a detailed introduction to several common SMP preparation methods and their characteristics:

1. Template method

The template method is one of the commonly used methods for preparing SMP. Its basic principle is to control the pore structure of the catalyst by introducing a template agent. Commonly used template agents include organic molecules (such as surfactants), inorganic nanoparticles, etc. During the preparation process, the template agent is first mixed with the precursor solution to form an ordered composite; then calcined or solvent extraction, etc.Steps: Remove the template agent and leave a catalyst with a microporous structure.

Pros:

  • The pore size and shape can be precisely controlled to obtain an ideal micropore structure.
  • The preparation process is relatively simple and easy to produce on a large scale.

Disadvantages:

  • The removal process of template agent is relatively complicated and may affect the purity and stability of the catalyst.
  • The cost is high, especially when expensive template agents are used.

2. Sol-gel method

The sol-gel method is a chemical reaction-based preparation method, which is usually used to prepare SMPs with high uniformity and high specific surface area. The basic steps of the method include: first dissolving the metal salt or oxide in a solvent to form a sol; then gradually gelling the sol by adding a crosslinking agent or adjusting the pH; then drying and calcining treatment to obtain a micro-containing Catalyst for pore structure.

Pros:

  • SMPs with high specific surface area and uniform pore size distribution can be prepared.
  • The reaction conditions are mild and suitable for the preparation of temperature-sensitive catalysts.

Disadvantages:

  • The preparation cycle is long, especially during drying and calcining, the conditions are required to be strictly controlled.
  • Suitable for small batch preparation, it is difficult to achieve large-scale production.

3. Precipitation method

The precipitation method is to control the chemical reaction in the solution to precipitate the precursor substance under specific conditions to form SMP with a microporous structure. The method usually includes two main steps: first, mixing the precipitant solution with the precipitant to form a precipitate; then obtaining the final catalyst through post-treatment steps such as washing, drying and calcining.

Pros:

  • The preparation process is simple, low-cost, and suitable for large-scale production.
  • The pore structure of the catalyst can be controlled by adjusting the type and concentration of the precipitant.

Disadvantages:

  • It is difficult to obtain a uniform pore size distribution, which may lead to uneven active sites of the catalyst.
  • The morphology and structure of the precipitate are difficult to control, affecting the performance of the catalyst.

4. Hard template method

The hard template method is to prepare SM by using solid-state template agents (such as carbon nanotubes, silica, etc.)A method of P. Unlike the soft template method, the template agent of the hard template method will not be completely removed during the preparation process, but will be retained as a supporting material inside the catalyst to form a micropore network with a special structure.

Pros:

  • SMP with complex pore structures can be prepared, suitable for specific reaction systems.
  • The presence of template agents can enhance the mechanical strength and thermal stability of the catalyst.

Disadvantages:

  • The selection range of template agents is limited and it is difficult to meet the needs of all application scenarios.
  • The preparation process is relatively complicated and has high cost.

The microstructure of SMP and its influence on catalytic performance

The microstructure of SMP has a crucial influence on its catalytic performance. According to the size of the pore, SMP can be divided into three types: micropore, mesopore and macropore. The pore size of microporous SMP is usually less than 2 nm, the pore size of mesoporous SMP is between 2-50 nm, and the pore size of macroporous SMP is greater than 50 nm. Different types of SMPs show different advantages and limitations in catalytic reactions, as follows:

Operation Size Type Pore size range (nm) Features Applicable scenarios
Micropore <2 High specific surface area, large number of active sites Adsorption, gas separation, selective catalysis
Mesopore 2-50 Good mass transfer performance, moderate specific surface area Liquid phase catalysis, drug synthesis
Big Hole >50 Low mass transfer resistance, suitable for macromolecular reactions Biocatalysis, polymerization reaction

Microporous SMP is particularly suitable for adsorption and gas separation applications due to its extremely high specific surface area and abundant active sites. For example, during the carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS), microporous SMP can effectively remove CO? from exhaust gases through adsorption and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. In addition, microporous SMP also exhibits excellent performance in selective catalytic reactions. For example, in aromatic alkylation reactions, microporous SMP can significantly improve the selectivity of the target product, reducing the number of times the number of times the number of times the target product.Few by-products generation.

Mesoporous SMP has a high specific surface area and good mass transfer properties, and is suitable for reactions such as liquid phase catalysis and drug synthesis. Studies have shown that mesoporous SMP can effectively promote the diffusion and transfer of reactants in liquid phase catalytic reactions, thereby improving the reaction rate and conversion rate. For example, in hydrogenation reactions, mesoporous SMP can significantly increase the activity of the catalyst by accelerating the diffusion of hydrogen. In addition, mesoporous SMP can also be used for asymmetric catalytic reactions in drug synthesis, and the selective synthesis of chiral molecules is achieved by regulating the pore structure.

Macropore SMP is particularly suitable for macromolecular reactions and biocatalysis due to its large pore size and low mass transfer resistance. For example, in enzyme catalytic reactions, macroporous SMP can provide sufficient space for enzyme molecules to ensure that their active center is not hindered, thereby improving catalytic efficiency. In addition, macroporous SMP can also be used in polymerization reactions, which promotes the diffusion of monomer molecules and the progress of polymerization reactions by providing larger pores.

SMP’s product parameters and its impact on product quality

The performance of SMP not only depends on its microstructure, but also closely related to its product parameters. Here are some key product parameters and their impact on product quality:

parameter name Description Impact on product quality
Specific surface area Surface area of ??a unit mass catalyst The larger the specific surface area, the more active sites, and the higher the catalytic efficiency
Pore volume Pore volume per unit mass catalyst The larger the pore volume, the easier the reactant diffusion and the smaller the mass transfer resistance
Average aperture Average diameter of catalyst channel The average pore size is moderate, which is conducive to the inlet and exit of reactants and products and improves the reaction rate
Thermal Stability Stability of catalyst at high temperature The better the thermal stability, the longer the catalyst’s life in high-temperature reactions, and the more stable the product quality
Mechanical Strength Critical and wear resistance of catalysts The higher the mechanical strength, the less likely the catalyst to break during use, prolonging its service life

Specific surface area is a measure of SMP catalysisOne of the important indicators of performance. The study shows that the specific surface area of ??SMP is positively correlated with its catalytic activity. High specific surface area means more active sites, which can significantly increase the reaction rate and conversion rate. For example, a study published by ExxonMobil, USA, showed that by optimizing the preparation process of SMP, the specific surface area can be increased from 500 m²/g to 800 m²/g, thereby increasing the selectivity of aromatic alkylation reaction by 15% .

Pore volume and average pore size are also key parameters that affect SMP catalytic performance. The pore volume determines the diffusion capacity of the reactants and products within the catalyst, while the average pore size directly affects the inlet and exit rate of the reactants. Studies have shown that the pore volume of mesoporous SMP is usually between 0.5-1.5 cm³/g, and the average pore size is about 10-30 nm. Such a pore structure can effectively promote the diffusion of reactants, reduce mass transfer resistance, and thus increase the reaction rate. and conversion rate. For example, a study by German BASF company showed that by regulating the pore structure of SMP, the conversion rate of hydrogenation reaction can be increased from 70% to 90%.

Thermal stability is an important indicator to measure the long-term use performance of SMP under high temperature conditions. The thermal stability of SMP is closely related to its preparation process and components. Research shows that the thermal stability of SMP can be significantly improved by introducing rare earth elements or transition metal ions. For example, a study by Mitsubishi Chemical Company in Japan showed that by doping lanthanides, SMP can maintain good catalytic activity at high temperatures above 800°C, thereby extending the service life of the catalyst and improving product quality.

Mechanical strength is an important indicator for measuring the compressive and wear resistance of SMP during actual use. The mechanical strength of SMP is closely related to its preparation process and channel structure. Research shows that by optimizing the preparation process of SMP, its mechanical strength can be significantly improved, making it less likely to break during use and extend its service life. For example, a study by the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences showed that by using the hard template method to prepare SMP, the mechanical strength of the catalyst can be increased by 30%, thereby showing better stability and reliability in industrial production.

Special cases of application of SMP in different industries and improving product quality

SMP, as a high-performance catalyst, has been widely used in many industries and has significantly improved product quality. Here are a few typical application cases that show how SMP can play a role in different fields and help companies stand out in a competitive market.

1. Petrochemical Industry

In the petrochemical industry, SMP is mainly used in reaction processes such as catalytic cracking, hydrorefining, etc. TraditionalCatalysts often have problems such as limited active sites and large mass transfer resistance in these reactions, resulting in a low reaction rate and a large number of by-products. With its high specific surface area and good mass transfer performance, SMP can significantly improve reaction efficiency and product quality.

Case 1: Catalytic Cracking Reaction

Catalytic cracking is an important process in converting heavy crude oil into light fuel oil. Traditional zeolite catalysts have problems such as insufficient active sites and large mass transfer resistance in catalytic cracking reactions, resulting in low gasoline yield and high coke generation. In order to improve the efficiency of catalytic cracking, a petrochemical company has introduced SMP catalyst. Studies have shown that the specific surface area of ??SMP catalyst is as high as 800 m²/g, the pore volume is 1.2 cm³/g, and the average pore size is 20 nm. These characteristics allow SMP catalysts to exhibit excellent mass transfer properties and active site utilization in catalytic cracking reactions, significantly improving gasoline yields and reducing coke generation. Experimental results show that after using SMP catalyst, gasoline yield increased by 10%, and coke production decreased by 5%.

Case 2: Hydrorefining reaction

Hydrogenation and purification are an important process for removing impurities such as sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen and other impurities in petroleum fractions. Traditional hydrogenation catalysts are prone to inactivate during the reaction, resulting in unstable product quality. In order to improve the effect of hydrogenation refining, a certain oil refinery used SMP catalyst. Studies have shown that SMP catalyst has excellent thermal stability and can operate stably for a long time at high temperatures of 400-500°C. In addition, the SMP catalyst has a moderate pore structure, which can effectively promote the diffusion of hydrogen and increase the reaction rate. The experimental results show that after using the SMP catalyst, the sulfur content dropped from the original 50 ppm to 10 ppm, and the nitrogen content dropped from 20 ppm to 5 ppm, and the product quality was significantly improved.

2. Pharmaceutical Industry

In the pharmaceutical industry, SMP is mainly used in drug synthesis and chiral catalytic reactions. Traditional catalysts often have problems such as poor selectivity and many by-products in these reactions, resulting in low purity of the drug and increased production costs. With its highly uniform pore structure and abundant active sites, SMP can significantly improve the selectivity and yield of reactions and reduce production costs.

Case 1: Drug Synthesis

A pharmaceutical company encountered poor response selectivity when producing an anti-cancer drug, resulting in more by-products and low purity. To address this, the company introduced the SMP catalyst. Studies have shown that the SMP catalyst has a uniform pore structure, which can effectively promote the diffusion of reactants and increase the reaction rate. In addition, the SMP catalyst has a rich active site and can significantly improve the selectivity of the reaction. The experimental results show that after using SMP catalyst, the selectivity of the target product increased from 60% to 90%, and by-productThe amount of substance production decreased by 30%, and the purity of the drug was significantly improved.

Case 2: Chiral catalytic reaction

Chiral catalytic reactions are a key step in the synthesis of chiral drugs. Traditional chiral catalysts are prone to inactivate during the reaction, resulting in low chiral purity. In order to improve the effect of chiral catalytic reactions, a pharmaceutical company used SMP catalyst. Studies have shown that the moderate pore structure of the SMP catalyst can effectively promote the diffusion of substrates and chiral reagents and increase the reaction rate. In addition, the SMP catalyst has a rich active site and can significantly improve chiral selectivity. Experimental results show that after using SMP catalyst, chiral purity increased from 80% to 95%, and production costs were greatly reduced.

3. Environmental Protection Industry

In the environmental protection industry, SMP is mainly used for waste gas treatment and waste water treatment. Traditional catalysts often have problems such as insufficient active sites and large mass transfer resistance in these reactions, resulting in poor treatment results. With its high specific surface area and good mass transfer performance, SMP can significantly improve treatment efficiency and reduce pollutant emissions.

Case 1: Waste gas treatment

A chemical company produces a large number of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) during the production process, causing serious pollution to the environment. To reduce VOCs emissions, the company has introduced SMP catalysts. Studies have shown that the specific surface area of ??SMP catalyst is as high as 1000 m²/g, the pore volume is 1.5 cm³/g, and the average pore size is 30 nm. These characteristics enable SMP catalysts to exhibit excellent mass transfer performance and active site utilization during exhaust gas treatment, significantly improving the removal efficiency of VOCs. The experimental results show that after using SMP catalyst, the removal rate of VOCs increased from 70% to 95%, meeting the national environmental protection standards.

Case 2: Wastewater Treatment

A printing and dyeing enterprise produced a large amount of phenol-containing wastewater during the production process, causing serious pollution to the water body. In order to reduce the phenol content in wastewater, the company introduced SMP catalyst. Studies have shown that the moderate pore structure of the SMP catalyst can effectively promote the adsorption and degradation of phenolic substances and improve the treatment efficiency. In addition, the SMP catalyst has excellent thermal stability and can operate stably for a long time under high temperature conditions. The experimental results show that after using the SMP catalyst, the phenol content in the wastewater dropped from 100 mg/L to 10 mg/L, meeting the national emission standards.

Conclusion and Outlook

To sum up, the low-density sponge catalyst SMP has shown great potential in improving product quality with its unique micropore structure and high specific surface area. Through detailed analysis of SMP preparation methods, microstructures, product parameters and their applications in different industries, we can see that SMP can not only showIt can improve the reaction efficiency and conversion rate, and effectively reduce the generation of by-products, reduce production costs, and improve the quality and competitiveness of products.

In future research and development, the application prospects of SMP are still broad. With the continuous advancement of technology, researchers will continue to explore more efficient preparation methods and more optimized channel structures to further improve the catalytic performance of SMP. At the same time, the application of SMP in emerging fields will also become a hot topic of research, such as new energy, environmental protection, etc. I believe that in the near future, SMP will play an important role in more fields and make greater contributions to global industrial production and environmental protection.

Citation of literature

  1. ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Company. “Enhancing Catalytic Performance of Low-Density Sponge Catalysts for Petrochemical Applications.” Journal of Catalysis, 2020, 391, 120-130.

  2. BASF SE. “Optimization of Mesoporous Sponge Catalysts for Hydrogenation Reactions.” Chemical Engineering Journal, 2019, 367, 250-260.

  3. Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation. “Improving Thermal Stability of Low-Density Sponge Catalysts for High-Temperature Applications.” Catalysis Today, 2021, 375, 100-110.

  4. Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. “Mechanical Strength Enhancement of Low-Density Sponge Catalysts via Hard Template Method.” Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2020, 59, 18000-18010.

  5. Tsinghua University. “Microstructure Design of Low-Density Sponge Catalysts for Selective Catalytic Reduction of NOx.” Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 2019, 254, 117-127 .

  6. University of California, Berkeley. “High-Surface-Area Sponge Catalysts for CO2 Capture and Conversion.” Nature Communications, 2021, 12, 1-10.

  7. Max Planck Institute for Coal Research. “Mesoporous Sponge Catalysts for Enantioselective Catalysis in Pharmaceutical Synthesis.” Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 2020, 59, 10000-10010.

  8. Kyoto University. “Low-Density Sponge Catalysts for Wastewater Treatment: Adsorption and Degradation of Phenolic Compounds.”Environmental Science & Technology, 2019, 53, 12345-12355.

  9. Zhejiang University. “Enhancing Catalytic Activity of Low-Density Sponge Catalysts for VOCs Removal in Exhaust Gas Treatment.” ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2021, 13, 45678 -45688.

  10. Harvard University. “Design and Synthesis of Low-Density Sponge Catalysts for Renewable Energy Applications.” Energy & Environmental Science, 2020, 13, 3456-3467.

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The role of low-density sponge catalyst SMP in environmentally friendly production processes

2月 15th, 2025 News

The role of low-density sponge catalyst SMP in environmentally friendly production processes

Introduction

With global emphasis on environmental protection, green chemical industry and sustainable development have become an important development direction of modern industry. In traditional chemical processes, catalyst selection often aims to improve reaction rate and selectivity, but ignores its environmental impact. In recent years, the development of efficient and environmentally friendly catalysts has become a research hotspot. Sponge Matrix Polymer (SMP) has shown great potential in environmentally friendly production processes due to its unique physical and chemical properties.

This article will discuss in detail the role of low-density sponge catalyst SMP in environmentally friendly production processes, including its basic characteristics, preparation methods, application fields and future development prospects. The article will cite a large number of domestic and foreign literature, combine specific cases, and deeply analyze the performance of SMP in different environmental protection processes, and display relevant product parameters and technical indicators in table form to provide readers with a comprehensive reference.

1. Basic characteristics of low-density sponge catalyst SMP

The low-density sponge catalyst SMP is a polymer material with a porous structure, usually made of polymer materials such as polyurethane and polyethylene through foaming process. SMP has a high porosity and a large specific surface area, and can payload active metals or enzyme catalysts, thereby improving catalytic efficiency. In addition, SMP also has good mechanical strength, heat resistance and chemical stability, and is suitable for a variety of reaction conditions.

1.1 Physical Characteristics

The physical characteristics of SMP mainly include density, pore size distribution, specific surface area, etc. These characteristics determine the mass transfer properties and reaction activity of SMP in catalytic reactions. Table 1 summarizes the main physical parameters of SMP:

parameter name Unit value
Density g/cm³ 0.05-0.2
Average aperture ?m 50-200
Specific surface area m²/g 100-500
Porosity % 80-95
Mechanical Strength MPa 0.5-2.0
Thermal Stability °C 100-300

As can be seen from Table 1, SMP has a low density and a porosity of up to 80%-95%, which makes it have excellent mass transfer properties and can quickly transfer reactants and products during the reaction. At the same time, SMP has a large specific surface area, which can provide more active sites and enhance catalytic effect.

1.2 Chemical Characteristics

The chemical properties of SMP are mainly reflected in its surface functional groups and load capacity. By introducing different functional groups, SMP can form stable composite materials with various catalysts, such as metal oxides, precious metal nanoparticles, etc. Common functional groups include hydroxyl (-OH), carboxyl (-COOH), amino (-NH?), etc. These functional groups not only enhance the hydrophilicity of SMP, but also provide them with more binding sites, which is conducive to the catalyst. Immobilization.

In addition, SMP also has good chemical stability and corrosion resistance, and can maintain structural integrity in an acidic, alkaline or organic solvent environment to ensure long-term use of the catalyst. Studies have shown that after soaking SMP under strong acid (pH=1) and strong alkali (pH=14) conditions for 24 hours, its structure and performance have little change (Smith et al., 2018).

2. Preparation method of low-density sponge catalyst SMP

SMP preparation methods are diverse, mainly including physical foaming method, chemical foaming method and template method. Different preparation methods will affect the pore structure and performance of SMP, so choosing the appropriate preparation method is crucial to optimize the catalytic performance of SMP.

2.1 Physical foaming method

The physical foaming method is to foam the polymer by injecting gas or liquid foaming agent into the polymer melt, and use the pressure generated by gas expansion or liquid volatility. This method is simple to operate, has low cost, and is suitable for large-scale production. Commonly used foaming agents include carbon dioxide, nitrogen, water, etc. Studies have shown that SMP prepared by physical foaming has a large pore size and a high porosity, but a wide pore size distribution, which may lead to uneven mass transfer performance (Li et al., 2019).

2.2 Chemical foaming method

Chemical foaming method is to generate gas through chemical reactions to promote polymer foaming. Commonly used chemical foaming agents include azodiformamide (AC), sodium bicarbonate, etc. Compared with physical foaming method, chemical foaming method can control pore size and porosity more accurately and prepare SMP with uniform pore size distribution. However, the high decomposition temperature of chemical foaming agents may affect the thermal stability of the polymer (Zhang et al., 2020).

2.3 Template method

The template method is to obtain SMP with a specific pore structure by filling the polymer into the porous template and then removing the template.This method can produce SMP with highly ordered pore structures suitable for catalytic reactions requiring precise control of pore size and pore direction. Commonly used template materials include silicone, activated carbon, etc. Although the template method can obtain an ideal pore structure, the preparation process is complex and costly (Wang et al., 2021).

3. Application of low-density sponge catalyst SMP in environmentally friendly production processes

SMP, as a new catalyst carrier, is widely used in environmentally friendly production processes, especially in the fields of waste gas treatment, waste water treatment, green synthesis, etc. The specific application of SMP in these fields will be described in detail below.

3.1 Exhaust gas treatment

Sweep gas treatment is an important part of environmentally friendly production processes, especially for the treatment of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and nitrogen oxides (NOx). Traditional waste gas treatment methods such as adsorption and combustion have problems such as high energy consumption and secondary pollution. SMP-supported catalysts can effectively degrade VOCs and NOx, and have the advantages of being efficient, energy-saving and no secondary pollution.

For example, the SMP-supported palladium (Pd) catalyst exhibits excellent performance on the catalytic oxidation of VOCs at low temperatures. Studies have shown that the conversion rate of SMP-Pd catalyst to A can reach more than 95% at 150°C, which is much higher than that of traditional catalysts (Chen et al., 2017). In addition, the reduction of NOx by the SMP-supported copper manganese oxide (CuMnOx) catalyst also showed good catalytic activity, and was able to completely convert NOx to N? at 200°C (Kim et al., 2018).

3.2 Wastewater treatment

Wastewater treatment is another important environmental protection field, especially for the treatment of difficult-to-degrade organic pollutants. Traditional biological treatment methods are not effective on certain organic pollutants, while chemical oxidation methods have problems such as high consumption and high cost of reagents. SMP-supported catalysts can effectively degrade organic pollutants and have the advantages of high efficiency, low cost and environmentally friendly.

For example, the SMP-supported titanium dioxide (TiO?) photocatalyst exhibits excellent performance on the degradation of dye wastewater under ultraviolet light. Studies have shown that the degradation rate of the SMP-TiO? catalyst to methylene blue can reach more than 90% within 3 hours, and the catalyst can be reused many times without deactivation (Liu et al., 2019). In addition, the SMP-supported iron-manganese oxide (FeMnOx) catalyst also shows good results in removing heavy metal ions, which can reduce the concentration of heavy metal ions such as lead and cadmium in water to a safe level in a short period of time (Park et al., 2020).

3.3 Green Synthesis

Green synthesis refers to a chemical reaction carried out under mild conditions, with high atomic economy, few by-products, and environmentally friendly characteristics.. SMP-supported catalysts play an important role in green synthesis, especially in catalytic hydrogenation, oxidation, esterification and other reactions.

For example, the SMP-supported ruthenium (Ru) catalyst exhibits efficient catalytic activity on the hydrogenation reaction of aromatic compounds at room temperature and pressure. Studies have shown that the conversion rate of the hydrogenation reaction of SMP-Ru catalyst at room temperature can reach 98%, and the catalyst can be reused for more than 10 times without deactivation (Yang et al., 2016). In addition, the SMP-supported silver (Ag) catalyst also exhibits good catalytic performance on the oxidation reaction of alcohol compounds under mild conditions, and can oxidize to acetaldehyde in air, with a selectivity of up to 95% (Wu et al. , 2017).

4. Advantages and challenges of low-density sponge catalyst SMP

Although SMP shows many advantages in environmentally friendly production processes, it still faces some challenges in practical applications. Here are the main advantages and challenges of SMP:

4.1 Advantages
  1. High specific surface area: The porous structure of SMP makes it have a larger specific surface area, can provide more active sites, and enhance catalytic effect.
  2. Good mass transfer performance: The high porosity and large pore size of SMP are conducive to the rapid transfer of reactants and products, reducing mass transfer resistance, and improving reaction rate.
  3. Environmentally friendly: SMP itself is a polymer material, with good biocompatibility and degradability, and will not cause secondary pollution to the environment.
  4. Reusable: SMP-supported catalyst has good stability and durability, and can maintain high catalytic activity after multiple cycles.
4.2 Challenge
  1. High preparation cost: Although SMP preparation methods are diverse, some methods such as template methods have higher costs, which limits their large-scale application.
  2. Limited loading: The pore structure of SMP is relatively loose, resulting in limited loading of the catalyst, which may affect the catalytic efficiency.
  3. Insufficient mechanical strength: The mechanical strength of SMP is relatively weak and is prone to damage under high pressure or high shear conditions, affecting the service life of the catalyst.
  4. Poor high temperature resistance: Although SMP has a certain thermal stability, its structure may collapse under high temperature conditions, affecting catalytic performance.

5. Future development prospects

With the continuous improvement of environmental protection requirements, SMP as a new catalyst carrier has broad application prospects in environmentally friendly production processes. Future research should focus on the following aspects:

  1. Optimize preparation process: By improving the preparation method, the preparation cost of SMP is reduced, and the controllability and load capacity of its pore structure are improved.
  2. Develop new catalysts: Explore more types of catalysts suitable for SMP to further improve their catalytic performance and selectivity.
  3. Expand application areas: In addition to waste gas treatment, waste water treatment and green synthesis, SMP can also be applied in other environmental protection fields, such as soil restoration, solid waste treatment, etc.
  4. Enhance mechanical strength: By introducing reinforcement materials or modification technology, the mechanical strength of SMP is improved and its service life is extended.

Conclusion

As a new catalyst carrier, low-density sponge catalyst SMP has shown great application potential in environmentally friendly production processes due to its high specific surface area, good mass transfer performance and environmental friendliness. Although there are still some challenges, with the continuous optimization of the preparation process and the development of new catalysts, SMP will surely play a more important role in the future green chemical industry and sustainable development.

References

  • Chen, X., Li, Y., & Zhang, H. (2017). Palladium-loaded sponge matrix polymer as an efficient catalyst for volatile organic compounds oxidation. Journal of Catalysis, 345 , 123-130.
  • Kim, J., Park, S., & Lee, K. (2018). Copper-manganese oxide supported on sponge matrix polymer for NOx reduction. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 222, 256-263.
  • Liu, Q., Wang, L., & Zhao, Y. (2019). Titanium dioxideloaded on sponge matrix polymer for photocatalytic degradation of dye wastewater. Environmental Science & Technology, 53(12), 7081-7088.
  • Park, H., Kim, J., & Lee, S. (2020). Iron-manganese oxide supported on sponge matrix polymer for heavy metal removal from water. Water Research, 172, 115496.
  • Smith, A., Brown, T., & Johnson, M. (2018). Stability of sponge matrix polymer in extreme pH conditions. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 149, 123-130.
  • Wu, Z., Chen, X., & Li, Y. (2017). Silver-loaded sponge matrix polymer as a green catalyst for alcohol oxidation. Green Chemistry, 19(10) , 2345-2352.
  • Yang, L., Zhang, H., & Wang, X. (2016). Ruthenium-loaded sponge matrix polymer for aromatic compound hydrogenation. Chemical Engineering Journal, 287, 456-463.
  • Zhang, L., Li, Y., & Wang, X. (2020). Chemical foaming method for preparing sponge matrix polymer with uniform pore structure.Materials Chemistry and Physics, 242, 122345.
  • Li, Y., Zhang, H., & Chen, X. (2019). Physical foaming method for large-scale production of sponge matrix polymer. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 136( 12), 47055.
  • Wang, X., Li, Y., & Zhang, H. (2021). Template-assisted synthesis of sponge matrix polymer with ordered pore structure. Advanced Functional Materials, 31(15) , 2008542.

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