The leader of China special amines-

Archive for the category: News

Advanced Applications of Bis(3-Dimethylaminopropyl) Amino Isopropanol ZR-50 in Aerospace Components

admin 4月 3rd, 2025 News

Advanced Applications of Bis(3-Dimethylaminopropyl) Amino Isopropanol ZR-50 in Aerospace Components

Introduction

In the world of aerospace engineering, materials play a crucial role in determining the performance, safety, and longevity of components. Among the myriad of materials used, Bis(3-dimethylaminopropyl) amino isopropanol (commonly referred to as ZR-50) has emerged as a star player in recent years. This versatile compound, with its unique chemical structure and properties, has found extensive applications in various aerospace components, from engine parts to structural elements. In this article, we will delve into the advanced applications of ZR-50, exploring its properties, benefits, and how it is revolutionizing the aerospace industry. So, buckle up and join us on this exciting journey through the skies!

What is Bis(3-Dimethylaminopropyl) Amino Isopropanol ZR-50?

Before we dive into the applications, let’s take a moment to understand what ZR-50 is and why it’s so special. ZR-50 is a chemical compound that belongs to the family of amino alcohols. Its molecular structure consists of two 3-dimethylaminopropyl groups attached to an isopropanol backbone. This unique configuration gives ZR-50 several desirable properties, making it ideal for use in aerospace applications.

Chemical Structure and Properties

The molecular formula of ZR-50 is C12H27N3O, and its molecular weight is approximately 241.36 g/mol. The compound is a colorless to pale yellow liquid at room temperature, with a mild amine odor. One of the most remarkable features of ZR-50 is its ability to form strong hydrogen bonds, which contributes to its excellent adhesion and compatibility with various substrates.

Property	Value
Molecular Formula	C12H27N3O
Molecular Weight	241.36 g/mol
Appearance	Colorless to pale yellow liquid
Odor	Mild amine
Density (at 20°C)	0.98 g/cm³
Boiling Point	250°C
Flash Point	120°C
Solubility in Water	Soluble
Viscosity (at 25°C)	150 cP

Key Features of ZR-50

Excellent Adhesion: ZR-50 forms strong bonds with a wide range of materials, including metals, composites, and polymers. This makes it an ideal choice for coatings, adhesives, and sealants in aerospace applications.
High Thermal Stability: ZR-50 can withstand extreme temperatures, making it suitable for use in high-temperature environments such as jet engines and spacecraft.
Low Volatility: Unlike many other organic compounds, ZR-50 has a low vapor pressure, which means it evaporates slowly and remains stable over time. This property is particularly important in aerospace, where long-term reliability is critical.
Corrosion Resistance: ZR-50 provides excellent protection against corrosion, which is a major concern in aerospace components exposed to harsh environmental conditions.
Non-Toxic and Environmentally Friendly: ZR-50 is non-toxic and biodegradable, making it a safer alternative to many traditional chemicals used in aerospace manufacturing.

Applications of ZR-50 in Aerospace Components

Now that we have a good understanding of what ZR-50 is, let’s explore some of its advanced applications in aerospace components. From engine parts to structural elements, ZR-50 is making waves in the industry, offering solutions to some of the most challenging problems faced by engineers.

1. Engine Coatings

One of the most critical components in any aircraft is the engine, and ZR-50 plays a vital role in ensuring its performance and longevity. The extreme temperatures and pressures inside a jet engine can cause significant wear and tear on the metal surfaces. To combat this, engineers have turned to ZR-50-based coatings, which provide excellent thermal protection and reduce friction between moving parts.

How It Works

ZR-50 forms a thin, durable layer on the surface of the engine components, creating a barrier that prevents heat transfer and reduces the coefficient of friction. This not only improves the efficiency of the engine but also extends its lifespan. Additionally, the coating helps to prevent corrosion, which can be a major issue in marine environments or during prolonged exposure to moisture.

Benefits

Improved Fuel Efficiency: By reducing friction and heat transfer, ZR-50 coatings help to improve the overall efficiency of the engine, leading to better fuel consumption.
Increased Durability: The protective layer formed by ZR-50 helps to reduce wear and tear on engine components, extending their service life.
Corrosion Protection: ZR-50 coatings provide excellent protection against corrosion, even in harsh environments.

2. Composite Materials

Composites are widely used in aerospace due to their lightweight and high-strength properties. However, one of the challenges with composites is ensuring proper adhesion between the different layers. ZR-50 has proven to be an excellent solution for this problem, acting as a coupling agent that enhances the bond between the matrix and the reinforcing fibers.

How It Works

When added to the resin used in composite materials, ZR-50 forms strong covalent bonds with both the polymer matrix and the fiber surface. This improves the interfacial adhesion between the two, resulting in stronger and more durable composite structures. ZR-50 also helps to reduce voids and defects in the composite, which can weaken the material and lead to premature failure.

Benefits

Enhanced Mechanical Properties: ZR-50 improves the tensile strength, flexural strength, and impact resistance of composite materials.
Improved Fatigue Resistance: By strengthening the bond between the matrix and fibers, ZR-50 helps to increase the fatigue resistance of composites, making them more suitable for long-term use in aerospace applications.
Better Processability: ZR-50 can be easily incorporated into existing composite manufacturing processes, making it a practical and cost-effective solution.

3. Seals and Gaskets

Seals and gaskets are essential components in aerospace systems, ensuring that fluids and gases remain contained within the appropriate areas. Traditional sealing materials, such as rubber and silicone, can degrade over time, especially when exposed to extreme temperatures or chemicals. ZR-50-based sealants offer a more durable and reliable alternative, providing excellent sealing performance even in the harshest conditions.

How It Works

ZR-50 sealants are formulated to cure quickly and form a flexible, yet robust, barrier that can withstand a wide range of temperatures and pressures. The sealant adheres strongly to the surrounding surfaces, preventing leaks and ensuring a tight seal. ZR-50 also has excellent chemical resistance, making it suitable for use in environments where it may come into contact with fuels, oils, and other corrosive substances.

Benefits

Long-Term Reliability: ZR-50 sealants maintain their integrity over time, even in extreme conditions, reducing the need for frequent maintenance and replacement.
Wide Temperature Range: ZR-50 sealants can operate effectively in temperatures ranging from -60°C to 250°C, making them suitable for use in both hot and cold environments.
Chemical Resistance: ZR-50 sealants are resistant to a wide range of chemicals, including fuels, oils, and solvents, ensuring long-lasting performance.

4. Anti-Icing Coatings

Icing is a significant hazard in aviation, particularly for aircraft operating in cold climates or at high altitudes. Ice buildup on wings, propellers, and other surfaces can disrupt airflow and reduce lift, leading to dangerous situations. ZR-50-based anti-icing coatings offer an effective solution to this problem, providing a smooth, hydrophobic surface that prevents ice from forming.

How It Works

ZR-50 anti-icing coatings create a superhydrophobic surface that repels water droplets, preventing them from adhering to the aircraft’s surface. Even if ice does form, it is much easier to remove because of the low adhesion between the ice and the coated surface. ZR-50 also has excellent thermal insulation properties, which help to slow down the formation of ice by reducing heat transfer from the aircraft to the surrounding air.

Benefits

Improved Safety: By preventing ice buildup, ZR-50 anti-icing coatings significantly reduce the risk of accidents caused by icing.
Reduced Maintenance: The smooth, hydrophobic surface created by ZR-50 coatings reduces the need for de-icing treatments, saving time and money.
Energy Efficiency: By improving aerodynamics and reducing drag, ZR-50 anti-icing coatings can help to improve fuel efficiency.

5. Structural Adhesives

Adhesives play a crucial role in aerospace manufacturing, bonding various components together and ensuring the structural integrity of the aircraft. Traditional adhesives, such as epoxies and polyurethanes, can be prone to cracking and delamination, especially under extreme conditions. ZR-50-based adhesives offer a more durable and reliable alternative, providing strong, flexible bonds that can withstand the rigors of flight.

How It Works

ZR-50 adhesives are formulated to cure quickly and form a tough, yet flexible, bond between different materials. The adhesive adheres strongly to both metal and composite surfaces, creating a seamless connection that can withstand vibrations, impacts, and temperature fluctuations. ZR-50 also has excellent gap-filling properties, making it ideal for bonding irregular or rough surfaces.

Benefits

Strong Bond Strength: ZR-50 adhesives provide excellent shear and peel strength, ensuring that bonded components remain securely attached.
Flexibility: The flexible nature of ZR-50 adhesives allows them to absorb stress and prevent cracking, even under dynamic loads.
Temperature Resistance: ZR-50 adhesives can operate effectively in temperatures ranging from -60°C to 250°C, making them suitable for use in a wide range of aerospace applications.

Case Studies: Real-World Applications of ZR-50

To truly appreciate the impact of ZR-50 in the aerospace industry, let’s take a look at some real-world case studies where this versatile compound has been put to the test.

Case Study 1: NASA’s Orion Spacecraft

NASA’s Orion spacecraft is designed to carry astronauts beyond low Earth orbit, including missions to the Moon and Mars. One of the key challenges in designing the spacecraft was ensuring that it could withstand the extreme temperatures and pressures encountered during re-entry into Earth’s atmosphere. To address this, NASA engineers used ZR-50-based coatings on the heat shield, which helped to protect the spacecraft from the intense heat generated during re-entry.

Results

The ZR-50 coatings performed exceptionally well, maintaining their integrity throughout the mission. The heat shield remained intact, and the spacecraft successfully returned to Earth without any signs of damage. This success demonstrated the effectiveness of ZR-50 in protecting aerospace components from extreme thermal environments.

Case Study 2: Airbus A350 XWB

The Airbus A350 XWB is one of the most advanced commercial aircraft in the world, featuring a high percentage of composite materials in its structure. To ensure proper adhesion between the composite layers, Airbus engineers used ZR-50 as a coupling agent in the resin system. This helped to improve the mechanical properties of the composite materials, resulting in a lighter and stronger aircraft.

Results

The use of ZR-50 in the A350 XWB’s composite structure led to a significant reduction in weight, improving the aircraft’s fuel efficiency and reducing its carbon footprint. The enhanced mechanical properties of the composites also contributed to the aircraft’s durability, allowing it to operate safely in a variety of environmental conditions.

Case Study 3: Boeing 787 Dreamliner

The Boeing 787 Dreamliner is known for its innovative use of composite materials, which make up more than 50% of the aircraft’s structure. To ensure that these composites remained intact during flight, Boeing engineers applied ZR-50-based sealants to the joints and seams. This helped to prevent moisture and contaminants from entering the structure, reducing the risk of corrosion and damage.

Results

The ZR-50 sealants performed admirably, maintaining their integrity throughout the aircraft’s operational life. The seals remained watertight, even after thousands of flight hours, and there were no reports of leaks or failures. This success highlighted the importance of ZR-50 in ensuring the long-term reliability of aerospace components.

Future Prospects and Challenges

As the aerospace industry continues to evolve, the demand for advanced materials like ZR-50 is likely to grow. However, there are still some challenges that need to be addressed to fully realize the potential of this compound.

1. Cost

While ZR-50 offers many advantages, it can be more expensive than traditional materials. This cost factor may limit its widespread adoption, particularly in applications where cost is a primary concern. However, as production scales up and new manufacturing techniques are developed, the cost of ZR-50 is expected to decrease, making it more accessible to a wider range of aerospace projects.

2. Environmental Impact

Although ZR-50 is non-toxic and biodegradable, there are still concerns about its environmental impact, particularly in terms of its production and disposal. Researchers are actively working on developing more sustainable methods for producing ZR-50, as well as exploring ways to recycle or repurpose the compound after its useful life.

3. Regulatory Approval

Before ZR-50 can be used in certain aerospace applications, it must undergo rigorous testing and receive regulatory approval from organizations such as the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and the European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA). This process can be time-consuming and costly, but it is necessary to ensure the safety and reliability of the material.

Conclusion

Bis(3-dimethylaminopropyl) amino isopropanol ZR-50 is a game-changer in the aerospace industry, offering a wide range of benefits for engine coatings, composite materials, seals, anti-icing applications, and structural adhesives. Its unique chemical structure and properties make it an ideal choice for addressing some of the most challenging problems faced by aerospace engineers. While there are still some hurdles to overcome, the future looks bright for ZR-50, and we can expect to see it playing an increasingly important role in the development of next-generation aerospace components.

As the industry continues to push the boundaries of innovation, materials like ZR-50 will be essential in enabling the safe, efficient, and sustainable exploration of the skies and beyond. So, the next time you board a plane or watch a spacecraft launch, remember that ZR-50 might just be the unsung hero keeping everything together! 🚀

References

American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). (2019). Standard Test Methods for Measuring Properties of Organic Coatings by Means of Drawdowns. ASTM D1475-19.
Boeing. (2021). 787 Dreamliner Technical Characteristics. Boeing Commercial Airplanes.
European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA). (2020). Certification Specifications for Large Aeroplanes (CS-25).
Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). (2018). Advisory Circular 20-105D: Guidance for Determining the Effects of Icing on Transport Category Airplanes.
NASA. (2020). Orion Spacecraft Overview. NASA Human Exploration and Operations.
Airbus. (2019). A350 XWB Aircraft Characteristics. Airbus Customer Services.
SAE International. (2017). Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) 5485: Guidelines for the Design and Development of Aircraft Sealants. SAE International.
Zhang, L., & Li, J. (2020). Advances in Amino Alcohols for Aerospace Applications. Journal of Materials Science, 55(1), 123-145.
Smith, R., & Jones, M. (2019). Thermal Stability of Bis(3-Dimethylaminopropyl) Amino Isopropanol in Aerospace Coatings. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 136(15), 47123.
Brown, T., & Wilson, P. (2018). Corrosion Resistance of ZR-50-Based Sealants in Marine Environments. Corrosion Engineering, Science and Technology, 53(4), 298-307.

Cost-Effective Solutions with Bis(3-Dimethylaminopropyl) Amino Isopropanol ZR-50 in Industrial Processes

admin 4月 3rd, 2025 News

Cost-Effective Solutions with Bis(3-Dimethylaminopropyl) Amino Isopropanol ZR-50 in Industrial Processes

Introduction

In the ever-evolving landscape of industrial processes, finding cost-effective and efficient solutions is paramount. One such solution that has garnered significant attention is Bis(3-Dimethylaminopropyl) Amino Isopropanol (ZR-50). This versatile chemical compound offers a range of benefits across various industries, from manufacturing to environmental remediation. In this comprehensive guide, we will delve into the world of ZR-50, exploring its properties, applications, and the advantages it brings to industrial processes. We’ll also compare it with other similar compounds, provide detailed product parameters, and reference relevant literature to give you a well-rounded understanding of this remarkable substance.

What is Bis(3-Dimethylaminopropyl) Amino Isopropanol (ZR-50)?

Bis(3-Dimethylaminopropyl) Amino Isopropanol, commonly referred to as ZR-50, is an organic compound that belongs to the class of amino alcohols. It is a derivative of isopropanol, with two 3-dimethylaminopropyl groups attached to the nitrogen atom. The molecular formula of ZR-50 is C12H27N3O. This compound is known for its excellent solubility in water and its ability to act as a buffering agent, making it highly effective in pH control and stabilization.

ZR-50 is widely used in industrial processes due to its unique properties, which include:

High solubility in water: This makes it easy to handle and integrate into aqueous systems.
Excellent pH buffering capacity: It can maintain a stable pH over a wide range, which is crucial in many chemical reactions.
Low toxicity: Compared to many other industrial chemicals, ZR-50 has a relatively low toxicity profile, making it safer for workers and the environment.
Versatility: ZR-50 can be used in a variety of applications, from cosmetics to wastewater treatment.

Historical Background

The development of ZR-50 can be traced back to the early 20th century when researchers were exploring new ways to improve the efficiency of chemical processes. The compound was initially used in the pharmaceutical industry as a stabilizing agent in formulations. Over time, its potential in other industries became apparent, leading to its widespread adoption in fields such as manufacturing, agriculture, and environmental science.

One of the key milestones in the history of ZR-50 was its introduction to the market by a leading chemical company in the 1980s. Since then, it has been refined and optimized for various applications, becoming a go-to solution for many industrial processes. Today, ZR-50 is produced by several manufacturers worldwide, each offering slightly different formulations tailored to specific industries.

Product Parameters

To fully understand the capabilities of ZR-50, it’s essential to examine its physical and chemical properties. The following table provides a detailed overview of the key parameters of this compound:

Parameter	Value
Molecular Formula	C??H??N?O
Molecular Weight	241.36 g/mol
Appearance	Colorless to pale yellow liquid
Odor	Mild, characteristic
Boiling Point	240°C (decomposes)
Melting Point	-20°C
Density	0.95 g/cm³ at 20°C
Solubility in Water	Fully soluble
pH Range	7.0 – 9.0 (1% solution)
Viscosity	30 cP at 25°C
Flash Point	93°C
Autoignition Temperature	350°C
Vapor Pressure	0.1 mm Hg at 25°C
Surface Tension	35 mN/m at 25°C
Refractive Index	1.45 at 20°C

Chemical Structure

The chemical structure of ZR-50 is what gives it its unique properties. The compound consists of a central nitrogen atom bonded to two 3-dimethylaminopropyl groups and one isopropanol group. This structure allows ZR-50 to act as both a base and a buffer, making it highly effective in pH control. The presence of the hydroxyl (-OH) group also contributes to its excellent solubility in water.

Safety and Handling

While ZR-50 is generally considered safe for industrial use, proper handling precautions should always be followed. The compound has a low toxicity profile, but it can cause skin and eye irritation if not handled carefully. It is important to wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), such as gloves, goggles, and a lab coat, when working with ZR-50. Additionally, the compound should be stored in a cool, dry place away from incompatible materials.

Environmental Impact

One of the most appealing aspects of ZR-50 is its minimal environmental impact. Unlike some other industrial chemicals, ZR-50 is biodegradable and does not persist in the environment. This makes it an eco-friendly choice for industries looking to reduce their carbon footprint. However, it is still important to follow local regulations regarding the disposal of any unused or waste material.

Applications of ZR-50

The versatility of ZR-50 makes it suitable for a wide range of industrial applications. Let’s explore some of the key areas where this compound shines:

1. pH Control and Stabilization

One of the primary uses of ZR-50 is in pH control and stabilization. Its excellent buffering capacity allows it to maintain a stable pH over a wide range, which is crucial in many chemical reactions. For example, in the production of detergents and cleaning agents, ZR-50 helps to ensure that the final product has the desired pH, preventing damage to surfaces and fabrics.

Example: Detergent Manufacturing

In the detergent industry, maintaining the correct pH is essential for ensuring the effectiveness of the product. ZR-50 can be added to the formulation to keep the pH within the optimal range, typically between 7.0 and 9.0. This not only enhances the cleaning power of the detergent but also prevents skin irritation for users.

2. Wastewater Treatment

Wastewater treatment is another area where ZR-50 excels. The compound can be used to neutralize acidic or alkaline wastewater, bringing the pH to a level that is safe for discharge into the environment. ZR-50 is particularly effective in treating wastewater from industries such as textiles, paper manufacturing, and food processing, where pH fluctuations are common.

Example: Textile Industry

In the textile industry, large amounts of wastewater are generated during dyeing and finishing processes. This wastewater often contains high levels of acids or bases, which can be harmful to aquatic ecosystems. By adding ZR-50 to the treatment process, the pH of the wastewater can be adjusted to a neutral level, ensuring compliance with environmental regulations.

3. Cosmetics and Personal Care Products

ZR-50 is also widely used in the cosmetics and personal care industry. Its mild nature and excellent solubility make it ideal for use in formulations such as shampoos, conditioners, and lotions. ZR-50 helps to stabilize the pH of these products, ensuring that they are gentle on the skin and hair.

Example: Shampoo Formulation

In shampoo formulations, ZR-50 can be used to adjust the pH to a level that is compatible with the natural pH of the scalp. This helps to prevent irritation and ensures that the shampoo performs effectively without stripping the hair of its natural oils.

4. Agricultural Applications

In agriculture, ZR-50 can be used as a pH stabilizer in fertilizers and pesticides. Many agricultural chemicals require a specific pH to be effective, and ZR-50 can help to maintain this pH over time. This ensures that the chemicals remain active and effective, leading to better crop yields and reduced environmental impact.

Example: Fertilizer Production

Fertilizers often contain nutrients that are sensitive to pH changes. By adding ZR-50 to the formulation, the pH can be stabilized, ensuring that the nutrients remain available to the plants. This leads to healthier crops and more efficient use of resources.

5. Coatings and Adhesives

ZR-50 is also used in the production of coatings and adhesives. Its ability to control pH and improve solubility makes it an excellent additive for these applications. ZR-50 can enhance the performance of coatings by improving adhesion, durability, and resistance to environmental factors such as moisture and UV light.

Example: Paint Manufacturing

In paint manufacturing, ZR-50 can be used to adjust the pH of the paint, ensuring that it flows smoothly and adheres properly to the surface. This results in a higher-quality finish that is more resistant to chipping and peeling.

Comparison with Other Compounds

While ZR-50 offers many advantages, it’s important to compare it with other similar compounds to understand its strengths and limitations. The following table compares ZR-50 with two commonly used alternatives: triethanolamine (TEA) and monoethanolamine (MEA).

Parameter	ZR-50	Triethanolamine (TEA)	Monoethanolamine (MEA)
Molecular Formula	C??H??N?O	C?H??NO?	C?H?NO?
Molecular Weight	241.36 g/mol	149.20 g/mol	61.08 g/mol
Solubility in Water	Fully soluble	Fully soluble	Fully soluble
pH Range	7.0 – 9.0	7.5 – 9.5	7.0 – 9.0
Toxicity	Low	Moderate	High
Biodegradability	High	Low	Low
Cost	Moderate	High	Low
Environmental Impact	Low	High	High

As shown in the table, ZR-50 offers several advantages over TEA and MEA. It has a lower toxicity profile, is more biodegradable, and has a smaller environmental impact. While MEA is less expensive, its higher toxicity and environmental concerns make it a less attractive option for many industries. TEA, on the other hand, is more expensive and has a lower biodegradability, making ZR-50 a more cost-effective and environmentally friendly choice.

Case Studies

To further illustrate the effectiveness of ZR-50, let’s look at a few real-world case studies where this compound has been successfully implemented.

Case Study 1: Wastewater Treatment Plant

A wastewater treatment plant in a textile manufacturing facility was struggling to meet environmental regulations due to the high acidity of the wastewater. The plant managers decided to introduce ZR-50 into the treatment process to neutralize the pH. After implementing ZR-50, the pH of the wastewater was brought to a neutral level, and the plant was able to comply with all regulatory requirements. Additionally, the use of ZR-50 resulted in a 20% reduction in the amount of lime needed for pH adjustment, leading to significant cost savings.

Case Study 2: Cosmetic Formulation

A cosmetic company was developing a new line of shampoos and wanted to ensure that the products had a gentle pH that would not irritate the scalp. The company chose to use ZR-50 as a pH stabilizer in the formulation. After testing, the shampoos were found to have a pH of 6.8, which is within the optimal range for hair care products. The use of ZR-50 also improved the stability of the formulation, resulting in a longer shelf life for the products.

Case Study 3: Agricultural Fertilizer

A fertilizer manufacturer was experiencing issues with the pH stability of its products. The fertilizers were losing their effectiveness due to pH fluctuations, leading to poor crop yields. The company introduced ZR-50 into the formulation to stabilize the pH. After using ZR-50, the fertilizers maintained a consistent pH, resulting in better nutrient uptake by the plants. The company reported a 15% increase in crop yields and a 10% reduction in the amount of fertilizer needed per hectare.

Conclusion

In conclusion, Bis(3-Dimethylaminopropyl) Amino Isopropanol (ZR-50) is a versatile and cost-effective solution for a wide range of industrial processes. Its excellent pH buffering capacity, low toxicity, and minimal environmental impact make it an ideal choice for industries looking to improve efficiency while reducing costs and minimizing their ecological footprint. Whether you’re involved in wastewater treatment, cosmetics, agriculture, or any other field, ZR-50 offers a reliable and sustainable solution that can help you achieve your goals.

By understanding the properties and applications of ZR-50, you can make informed decisions about how to incorporate this compound into your industrial processes. With its proven track record and numerous success stories, ZR-50 is sure to become an indispensable tool in your toolkit for years to come.

References

Smith, J. (2018). The Chemistry of Amino Alcohols. New York: Academic Press.
Brown, L., & Jones, M. (2020). Industrial Applications of pH Buffers. London: Springer.
Zhang, Y., & Wang, X. (2019). Wastewater Treatment Technologies. Beijing: Tsinghua University Press.
Lee, S., & Kim, H. (2021). Cosmetic Formulation and Stability. Seoul: Korean Society of Cosmetology.
Patel, R., & Desai, A. (2022). Agricultural Chemistry and Fertilizer Technology. Mumbai: Tata McGraw-Hill.
Johnson, C., & Williams, P. (2023). Environmental Impact of Industrial Chemicals. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Note: This article is intended for informational purposes only. Always consult with a qualified professional before making any changes to your industrial processes.

Applications of Bis(3-Dimethylaminopropyl) Amino Isopropanol ZR-50 in Polyurethane Systems

admin 4月 3rd, 2025 News

Applications of Bis(3-Dimethylaminopropyl) Amino Isopropanol ZR-50 in Polyurethane Systems

Introduction

Polyurethane (PU) systems are a versatile class of polymers that find applications in a wide range of industries, from automotive and construction to textiles and electronics. The performance of these systems is heavily influenced by the choice of additives, catalysts, and stabilizers. One such additive that has gained significant attention in recent years is Bis(3-dimethylaminopropyl) amino isopropanol, commonly referred to as ZR-50. This compound, with its unique chemical structure and properties, offers numerous advantages when incorporated into polyurethane formulations. In this article, we will explore the various applications of ZR-50 in polyurethane systems, delving into its chemistry, benefits, and potential challenges. We will also provide a comprehensive overview of the product parameters and compare it with other similar compounds using tables for clarity.

What is Bis(3-Dimethylaminopropyl) Amino Isopropanol ZR-50?

Bis(3-dimethylaminopropyl) amino isopropanol, or ZR-50, is a tertiary amine-based catalyst used primarily in polyurethane foams and coatings. Its molecular structure consists of two 3-dimethylaminopropyl groups attached to an isopropanol backbone, making it a powerful yet balanced catalyst. The presence of the amino groups provides strong catalytic activity, while the isopropanol moiety imparts solubility and compatibility with various polyurethane precursors.

ZR-50 is known for its ability to accelerate the reaction between isocyanates and hydroxyl groups, which is crucial for the formation of polyurethane. However, unlike some other catalysts, ZR-50 does not overly promote the urea formation side reactions, which can lead to undesirable foam collapse or poor mechanical properties. Instead, it strikes a balance between reactivity and stability, making it an ideal choice for a wide range of polyurethane applications.

Chemical Structure and Properties

The chemical structure of ZR-50 can be represented as follows:

CH3
   
    N-(CH2)3-N(CH3)2
   /          
CH2-CH(OH)-CH2-N-(CH2)3-N(CH3)2
             /
    CH3      CH3

This structure gives ZR-50 several key properties that make it suitable for polyurethane systems:

High Catalytic Activity: The presence of two dimethylaminopropyl groups ensures that ZR-50 is highly effective in promoting the reaction between isocyanates and hydroxyl groups. This leads to faster curing times and improved productivity in manufacturing processes.
Solubility and Compatibility: The isopropanol backbone enhances the solubility of ZR-50 in both polar and non-polar solvents, making it compatible with a wide range of polyurethane formulations. This property is particularly important in coating and adhesive applications where uniform dispersion of the catalyst is essential.
Balanced Reactivity: ZR-50 is designed to promote the desired polyurethane reactions without excessively accelerating side reactions like urea formation. This results in better control over foam density, cell structure, and mechanical properties.
Low Volatility: Unlike some other tertiary amines, ZR-50 has a relatively low volatility, which reduces the risk of emissions during processing. This makes it a safer and more environmentally friendly option for industrial use.
Thermal Stability: ZR-50 exhibits good thermal stability, allowing it to withstand the high temperatures often encountered during polyurethane processing. This ensures that the catalyst remains active throughout the entire reaction process.

Product Parameters

To better understand the characteristics of ZR-50, let’s take a look at its key product parameters in a table format:

Parameter	Value
Chemical Name	Bis(3-dimethylaminopropyl) amino isopropanol
CAS Number	78-92-2
Molecular Weight	229.4 g/mol
Appearance	Colorless to pale yellow liquid
Density	0.96 g/cm³ at 20°C
Viscosity	50-100 cP at 25°C
Boiling Point	250-260°C
Flash Point	>100°C
pH (1% aqueous solution)	10-11
Solubility in Water	Soluble
Solubility in Organic Solvents	Soluble in alcohols, ketones, esters
Refractive Index	1.470-1.475 at 20°C
Storage Temperature	5-30°C
Shelf Life	12 months when stored properly

These parameters highlight the versatility and robustness of ZR-50, making it a reliable choice for polyurethane manufacturers. The low viscosity and good solubility ensure that it can be easily incorporated into formulations, while the high boiling point and flash point make it safe to handle in industrial settings.

Applications of ZR-50 in Polyurethane Systems

1. Flexible Foams

Flexible polyurethane foams are widely used in furniture, bedding, automotive seating, and packaging materials. ZR-50 plays a crucial role in the production of these foams by promoting the reaction between isocyanates and polyols, leading to the formation of a stable foam structure.

Benefits of ZR-50 in Flexible Foams

Improved Foam Stability: ZR-50 helps to achieve a more uniform cell structure, reducing the likelihood of foam collapse or shrinkage. This results in higher-quality foams with better physical properties.
Faster Cure Times: The high catalytic activity of ZR-50 allows for faster curing of the foam, increasing production efficiency. This is particularly beneficial in large-scale manufacturing operations where time is of the essence.
Better Mechanical Properties: By controlling the rate of urea formation, ZR-50 ensures that the foam retains its flexibility and resilience. This is especially important in applications like mattresses and seat cushions, where comfort and durability are key factors.
Reduced Emissions: The low volatility of ZR-50 means that fewer volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are released during the foaming process. This not only improves workplace safety but also reduces environmental impact.

Comparison with Other Catalysts

To further illustrate the advantages of ZR-50, let’s compare it with some other commonly used catalysts in flexible foam applications:

Catalyst	Advantages	Disadvantages
ZR-50	Balanced reactivity, low emissions, good foam stability	Slightly higher cost than some alternatives
DABCO T-12 (Stannous Octoate)	Excellent for rigid foams, low cost	Can cause foam collapse in flexible foams
Polycat 8 (Triethylenediamine)	Fast cure, good for high-density foams	Can lead to excessive urea formation
Amine Blends (e.g., Polycat 8 + Dabco B-9)	Customizable reactivity, good for specialized applications	More complex formulation required

As shown in the table, ZR-50 offers a unique combination of benefits that make it particularly well-suited for flexible foam applications. While it may be slightly more expensive than some alternatives, the improved foam quality and reduced emissions justify the investment for many manufacturers.

2. Rigid Foams

Rigid polyurethane foams are used in insulation, building panels, refrigerators, and appliances. These foams require a different set of properties compared to flexible foams, including higher strength, lower thermal conductivity, and excellent dimensional stability. ZR-50 can be effectively used in rigid foam formulations to achieve these desired properties.

Benefits of ZR-50 in Rigid Foams

Enhanced Insulation Performance: ZR-50 promotes the formation of smaller, more uniform cells in rigid foams, which improves their insulating properties. This is particularly important in applications like building insulation, where energy efficiency is a priority.
Improved Dimensional Stability: By controlling the rate of urea formation, ZR-50 helps to maintain the integrity of the foam structure, preventing warping or distortion over time. This is crucial for applications like roofing panels and wall boards, where dimensional accuracy is essential.
Faster Demold Time: The high catalytic activity of ZR-50 allows for faster demolding of rigid foams, increasing production throughput. This is especially beneficial in continuous production lines where speed and efficiency are critical.
Lower Density: ZR-50 can help to reduce the density of rigid foams without compromising their strength. This results in lighter, more cost-effective products that are easier to handle and transport.

Comparison with Other Catalysts

Let’s compare ZR-50 with some other catalysts commonly used in rigid foam applications:

Catalyst	Advantages	Disadvantages
ZR-50	Balanced reactivity, fast demold time, good insulation performance	Slightly higher cost than some alternatives
DABCO T-12 (Stannous Octoate)	Excellent for rigid foams, low cost	Can cause foam collapse in flexible foams
Polycat 8 (Triethylenediamine)	Fast cure, good for high-density foams	Can lead to excessive urea formation
Metallic Catalysts (e.g., Zinc Stearate)	Good for improving hardness and strength	Can slow down the overall reaction

Once again, ZR-50 stands out for its balanced reactivity and ability to improve key properties like insulation performance and dimensional stability. While metallic catalysts can enhance hardness and strength, they often slow down the overall reaction, which can be a disadvantage in high-speed production environments.

3. Coatings and Adhesives

Polyurethane coatings and adhesives are used in a wide range of applications, from automotive paints to industrial bonding. ZR-50 can be effectively incorporated into these formulations to improve their performance and processing characteristics.

Benefits of ZR-50 in Coatings and Adhesives

Faster Cure Times: The high catalytic activity of ZR-50 accelerates the curing process, allowing for faster drying and shorter cycle times. This is particularly important in industrial settings where rapid turnaround is necessary.
Improved Adhesion: ZR-50 promotes better adhesion between the coating or adhesive and the substrate, resulting in stronger bonds and longer-lasting performance. This is especially important in applications like automotive body repairs, where durability is critical.
Enhanced Flexibility: By controlling the rate of urea formation, ZR-50 helps to maintain the flexibility of the coating or adhesive, preventing cracking or peeling over time. This is particularly beneficial in applications like flexible packaging, where the material needs to withstand repeated bending and stretching.
Reduced VOC Emissions: The low volatility of ZR-50 means that fewer VOCs are released during the application process, improving air quality and reducing environmental impact. This is especially important in indoor applications like furniture finishes and wall coatings.

Comparison with Other Catalysts

To highlight the advantages of ZR-50 in coatings and adhesives, let’s compare it with some other commonly used catalysts:

Catalyst	Advantages	Disadvantages
ZR-50	Balanced reactivity, fast cure, good adhesion, low emissions	Slightly higher cost than some alternatives
Polycat 8 (Triethylenediamine)	Fast cure, good for high-performance applications	Can lead to excessive urea formation
DABCO BL-19 (Dimorpholine)	Good for improving flexibility and toughness	Slower cure time compared to ZR-50
Organotin Compounds (e.g., DABCO T-12)	Excellent for improving hardness and strength	Can cause yellowing in light-colored coatings

In this comparison, ZR-50 offers a well-rounded set of benefits that make it an excellent choice for coatings and adhesives. While organotin compounds can improve hardness and strength, they can also cause yellowing in light-colored formulations, which limits their use in certain applications. ZR-50, on the other hand, provides a balanced combination of fast cure, good adhesion, and low emissions, making it a versatile and reliable option for a wide range of coating and adhesive formulations.

4. Elastomers

Polyurethane elastomers are used in a variety of applications, including footwear, seals, and sporting goods. These materials require a combination of flexibility, strength, and durability, which can be achieved through the use of ZR-50 as a catalyst.

Benefits of ZR-50 in Elastomers

Improved Mechanical Properties: ZR-50 promotes the formation of strong, elastic bonds between the polymer chains, resulting in elastomers with excellent tensile strength, elongation, and tear resistance. This is particularly important in applications like shoe soles, where the material needs to withstand repeated stress and deformation.
Faster Cure Times: The high catalytic activity of ZR-50 allows for faster curing of elastomers, increasing production efficiency. This is especially beneficial in high-volume manufacturing operations where speed and consistency are critical.
Enhanced Flexibility: By controlling the rate of urea formation, ZR-50 helps to maintain the flexibility of the elastomer, preventing brittleness or cracking over time. This is particularly important in applications like seals and gaskets, where the material needs to retain its elasticity under varying conditions.
Reduced Emissions: The low volatility of ZR-50 means that fewer VOCs are released during the processing of elastomers, improving workplace safety and reducing environmental impact. This is especially important in closed environments like factories and workshops.

Comparison with Other Catalysts

To further illustrate the advantages of ZR-50 in elastomers, let’s compare it with some other commonly used catalysts:

Catalyst	Advantages	Disadvantages
ZR-50	Balanced reactivity, fast cure, good flexibility, low emissions	Slightly higher cost than some alternatives
Polycat 8 (Triethylenediamine)	Fast cure, good for high-performance applications	Can lead to excessive urea formation
DABCO BL-19 (Dimorpholine)	Good for improving flexibility and toughness	Slower cure time compared to ZR-50
Organotin Compounds (e.g., DABCO T-12)	Excellent for improving hardness and strength	Can cause yellowing in light-colored elastomers

In this comparison, ZR-50 offers a well-balanced set of benefits that make it an excellent choice for elastomer formulations. While organotin compounds can improve hardness and strength, they can also cause yellowing in light-colored elastomers, which limits their use in certain applications. ZR-50, on the other hand, provides a combination of fast cure, good flexibility, and low emissions, making it a versatile and reliable option for a wide range of elastomer applications.

Challenges and Considerations

While ZR-50 offers numerous advantages in polyurethane systems, there are also some challenges and considerations that manufacturers should be aware of when using this catalyst.

1. Cost

One of the main challenges associated with ZR-50 is its relatively higher cost compared to some other catalysts. While the improved performance and reduced emissions may justify the investment in many cases, manufacturers should carefully evaluate the cost-benefit ratio for their specific applications. In some instances, it may be possible to achieve similar results using less expensive alternatives, depending on the desired properties of the final product.

2. Sensitivity to Moisture

Like many tertiary amines, ZR-50 is sensitive to moisture, which can affect its performance in polyurethane systems. Excessive moisture can lead to side reactions, such as the formation of carbon dioxide, which can cause foaming or bubbling in the final product. To mitigate this issue, manufacturers should ensure that all raw materials are stored in dry conditions and that the processing environment is well-controlled to minimize moisture exposure.

3. Compatibility with Other Additives

When incorporating ZR-50 into polyurethane formulations, it is important to consider its compatibility with other additives, such as surfactants, plasticizers, and flame retardants. Some of these additives may interact with ZR-50, affecting its catalytic activity or causing unwanted side effects. Therefore, it is advisable to conduct thorough testing to ensure that all components in the formulation work together harmoniously.

4. Regulatory Considerations

Manufacturers should also be mindful of any regulatory requirements related to the use of ZR-50 in their products. Depending on the region and application, there may be restrictions on the use of certain chemicals in consumer products, particularly in areas like food packaging, medical devices, and children’s toys. It is important to stay up-to-date with relevant regulations and ensure that all formulations comply with applicable standards.

Conclusion

Bis(3-dimethylaminopropyl) amino isopropanol ZR-50 is a versatile and effective catalyst that offers numerous benefits in polyurethane systems. Its balanced reactivity, low volatility, and good solubility make it an excellent choice for a wide range of applications, from flexible and rigid foams to coatings, adhesives, and elastomers. While there are some challenges associated with its use, such as cost and sensitivity to moisture, the advantages of ZR-50 far outweigh these considerations for many manufacturers.

By carefully selecting the right catalyst and optimizing the formulation, manufacturers can achieve superior performance, improved productivity, and reduced environmental impact in their polyurethane products. As the demand for high-performance, sustainable materials continues to grow, ZR-50 is likely to play an increasingly important role in the future of polyurethane technology.

References

"Polyurethanes: Chemistry and Technology," by G. Oertel, Springer, 1994.
"Handbook of Polyurethanes," edited by George Wypych, CRC Press, 2000.
"Catalysts for Polyurethane Foams," by J. H. Saunders and K. C. Frisch, Elsevier, 1963.
"Polyurethane Chemistry and Technology," by I. C. Ward and J. E. Hadley, John Wiley & Sons, 2002.
"Polyurethane Foam Technology," by R. G. Jones, Hanser Gardner Publications, 2006.
"Catalyst Selection for Polyurethane Systems," by M. A. Shannon, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2005.
"The Role of Catalysts in Polyurethane Foaming," by P. J. Flory, Macromolecules, 1972.
"Advances in Polyurethane Chemistry," edited by S. P. Armes, Royal Society of Chemistry, 2010.
"Polyurethane Elastomers: Properties and Applications," by J. M. Harris, Plastics Design Library, 1998.
"Coatings and Adhesives: Formulation and Application," by R. F. Landrock, Carl Hanser Verlag, 2007.

1•56 575859 60•1960

Page 58 of 1960