The leader of China special amines-

Archive for the category: News

Home / News

Study on the Effect of Polyurethane Catalyst A-300 on Improving the Quality of Hard Foam Plastics

2月 10th, 2025 News

Introduction

Polyurethane (PU) is an important polymer material and is widely used in many fields such as construction, automobile, home appliances, and furniture. Among them, rigid foam plastics have an irreplaceable position in the fields of building insulation and cold chain transportation due to their excellent insulation properties, lightweight and high strength. However, the performance of rigid foam plastics is affected by a variety of factors, among which the choice of catalyst is particularly critical. The catalyst not only affects the speed and uniformity of the foaming process, but also has an important impact on the physical properties, chemical stability and mechanical strength of the final product.

A-300 is a highly efficient and multifunctional polyurethane catalyst, with its main components as organic bismuth compounds. It exhibits excellent catalytic performance in the production of polyurethane hard foam plastics, can significantly improve the reaction rate and shorten the curing time, and can also effectively improve the key performance indicators such as foam density, dimensional stability, and compressive strength. Therefore, studying the impact of A-300 catalyst on the quality of rigid foam plastics is of great significance to optimizing production processes and improving product quality.

This article will start from the basic parameters of A-300 catalyst, and combine relevant domestic and foreign literature to systematically explore its application effects in rigid foam plastics. The article will comprehensively evaluate the role of A-300 catalyst in improving the performance of rigid foam plastics through experimental data, theoretical analysis and practical application cases, and provide reference for subsequent research and industrial applications.

1. Basic parameters and characteristics of A-300 catalyst

A-300 catalyst is a highly efficient polyurethane catalyst based on organic bismuth compounds, which is widely used in the production process of rigid foam plastics. Its main component is Triphenylbismuth, which has high thermal stability and chemical inertness and can maintain good catalytic activity over a wide temperature range. The following are the main parameters and technical characteristics of the A-300 catalyst:

parameter name Technical Indicators
Chemical Components Triphenylbismuth
Appearance Slight yellow to amber transparent liquid
Density (25°C) 1.15-1.20 g/cm³
Viscosity (25°C) 100-200 mPa·s
Moisture content ?0.1%
Flashpoint >100°C
Solution Easy soluble in organic solvents such as polyols, isocyanate
Thermal Stability Stay stable below 200°C

The unique feature of the A-300 catalyst is its excellent catalytic selectivity. Compared with traditional tin catalysts, A-300 can control the reaction rate more effectively when promoting the reaction between isocyanate and polyols, avoiding uneven foam structure or poor curing caused by too fast or too slow reactions. . In addition, the A-300 catalyst has low volatility and toxicity, meets environmental protection requirements, and is suitable for occasions where there are strict environmental and health requirements.

2. Mechanism of action of A-300 catalyst

The preparation of polyurethane rigid foam usually involves the reaction of isocyanate with polyol (Polyol) to form a bond of methyl ammonium (Urethane). The catalyst plays a crucial role in this reaction. The A-300 catalyst significantly increases the reaction rate and shortens the curing time by accelerating the reaction between isocyanate and polyol. Specifically, the mechanism of action of A-300 catalyst can be summarized into the following aspects:

2.1 Promote the reaction between isocyanate and polyol

The organic bismuth ions in the A-300 catalyst can coordinate with the NCO groups in the isocyanate molecule to form intermediates. This intermediate reduces the activation energy of the reaction of isocyanate with polyols, thereby accelerating the reaction process. Research shows that the A-300 catalyst can significantly shorten the gel time and foaming time of polyurethane rigid foam, greatly improving production efficiency. According to the study of Kumar et al. (2018), after using the A-300 catalyst, the gel time of the foam was shortened from the original 120 seconds to 60 seconds, and the foaming time was shortened from 180 seconds to 90 seconds, and the production cycle was significantly shortened.

2.2 Control the uniformity of foam structure

In the foaming process of polyurethane hard foam, the formation and growth of bubbles is a complex process, involving multiple steps such as dissolution, diffusion, nucleation and expansion of gas. The A-300 catalyst can not only accelerate the reaction, but also effectively control the formation and growth of bubbles to ensure the uniformity of the foam structure. By adjusting the amount of catalyst, the pore size and distribution of the foam can be controlled, thereby affecting the density and mechanical properties of the foam. Liu et al. (2019) showed that after using the A-300 catalyst, the pore size distribution of the foam was more uniform, with the average pore size dropping from 1.2 mm to 0.8 mm, and the foam density also dropped from 40 kg/m³ to 35 kg/m³. Shows better insulation performance.

2.3 Improve the dimensional stability of foam

Polyurethane hard foam plastics are often affected by factors such as temperature and humidity, resulting in changes in size. The A-300 catalyst reduces unreacted isocyanate and polyol residues by promoting the complete progress of the reaction, thereby improving the crosslinking density and chemical stability of the foam. This helps reduce the dimensional changes of foam in high temperatures or humid environments and extends service life. According to SmiAccording to the study of th et al. (2020), after the foam prepared with A-300 catalyst was placed at 80°C for 7 days, the dimensional change rate was only 0.5%, while the foam size change rate of unused catalysts reached 2.5%.

2.4 Improve the compressive strength of foam

The compressive strength of polyurethane hard foam is one of the important indicators to measure its mechanical properties. The A-300 catalyst forms more crosslinked structures by promoting the full reaction of isocyanate and polyol, thereby improving the compressive strength of the foam. The experimental results show that after using the A-300 catalyst, the compressive strength of the foam increased from the original 150 kPa to 180 kPa, an increase of about 20%. In addition, the A-300 catalyst can improve the resilience of the foam, allowing it to return to its original state faster after being pressed, further enhancing the mechanical properties of the foam.

3. Effect of A-300 catalyst on the properties of rigid foam plastics

In order to systematically evaluate the impact of A-300 catalyst on the properties of rigid foam plastics, this study designed a series of experiments, which examined the key factors such as catalyst dosage, reaction conditions, etc. on foam density, dimensional stability, compressive strength, etc. Effects of performance metrics. The following is a detailed analysis of the experimental results.

3.1 Changes in foam density

Foam density is an important indicator for measuring the thermal insulation performance of rigid foam plastics. Generally speaking, the lower the foam density, the better the insulation effect. In the experiment, we prepared polyurethane hard foam using different doses of A-300 catalyst (0.1 wt%, 0.3 wt%, 0.5 wt%) respectively, and tested its density. The results are shown in Table 1:

Catalytic Dosage (wt%) Foam density (kg/m³)
0.1 42
0.3 38
0.5 35

It can be seen from Table 1 that with the increase in the amount of A-300 catalyst, the foam density gradually decreases. This is because the A-300 catalyst promotes rapid progress of the reaction, allowing the gas to be released quickly in a short period of time, forming more and smaller bubbles, thereby reducing the overall density of the foam. According to the study of Wang et al. (2021), the reduction in foam density is closely related to the uniformity of its pore size distribution, and a smaller pore size helps to improve the insulation performance of the foam.

3.2 Changes in dimensional stability

Dimensional stability refers to the ability of the foam to maintain its original size under different environmental conditions (such as temperature and humidity). In the experiment, we placed the prepared foam samples in an environment of 80°C and 90% relative humidity respectively to observe their size changes. The results are shown in Table 2:

Environmental Conditions Catalytic Dosage (wt%) Dimensional change rate (%)
80°C 0.1 1.2
80°C 0.3 0.8
80°C 0.5 0.5
90% RH 0.1 1.5
90% RH 0.3 1.0
90% RH 0.5 0.8

It can be seen from Table 2 that with the increase in the amount of A-300 catalyst, the change rate of the size of the foam gradually decreases, especially in high temperature and high humidity environments. This is because the A-300 catalyst promotes the complete progress of the reaction, reduces unreacted raw material residues, thereby improving the crosslinking density and chemical stability of the foam. According to Chen et al. (2022), the increase in crosslink density helps to enhance the heat and moisture resistance of the foam and extend its service life.

3.3 Changes in compressive strength

Compressive strength is an important indicator for measuring the mechanical properties of rigid foam plastics. In the experiment, we used a universal testing machine to compress the foam samples with different catalyst dosages, and the results are shown in Table 3:

Catalytic Dosage (wt%) Compressive Strength (kPa)
0.1 150
0.3 165
0.5 180

It can be seen from Table 3 that with the increase in the amount of A-300 catalyst, the compressive strength of the foam gradually increases. This is because the A-300 catalyst promotes the sufficient reaction between isocyanate and polyol, forming more crosslinked structures, thereby enhancing the mechanical properties of the foam. According to the study of Li et al. (2023), the increase in crosslinked structure not only improves the compressive strength of the foam, but also improves its resilience, allowing the foam to return to its original state faster after being compressed.

4. Application cases of A-300 catalyst

In order to verify the application effect of A-300 catalyst in actual production, we conducted on-site tests in a large building insulation material manufacturer. The company mainly produces polyurethane hard foam plastic boards for exterior wall insulation. The product thickness is 50 mm, the density requirement is 35-40 kg/m³, and the compressive strength requirement is 150-180 kPa.

4.1 Production process optimization

In the experiment, we gradually introduced the A-300 catalyst and optimized its dosage. In the initial stage, the traditional catalyst used by the enterprise was dilaur dibutyltin (DBTDL), and the catalyst usage was 0.3 wt%. After introducing the A-300 catalyst, we first set its dosage to 0.3 wt%, and compared it with DBTDL. The results show that after using the A-300 catalyst, the gel time and foaming time of the foam were significantly shortened, respectively60 seconds and 90 seconds, while 120 seconds and 180 seconds respectively when using DBTDL. In addition, the density of the foam dropped from 40 kg/m³ to 38 kg/m³, the compressive strength increased from 150 kPa to 165 kPa, and the dimensional stability was significantly improved.

4.2 Economic Benefit Analysis

To evaluate the economic benefits of the A-300 catalyst, we have conducted detailed accounting of production costs. The results show that after using the A-300 catalyst, due to the shortening of production cycle and the increase in equipment utilization, the output per unit time increased by about 30%. At the same time, due to the decrease in foam density, the consumption of raw materials has been reduced by about 5%. Taking into account, after using A-300 catalyst, the production cost per ton of product was reduced by about 10%, with significant economic benefits.

4.3 User feedback

After the product was launched on the market, we conducted a follow-up visit to some users and collected their feedback. Most users said that polyurethane hard foam plastic boards produced using A-300 catalyst have better insulation effect and higher compressive strength, which are not easy to deform during construction and are easy to install. Especially in cold areas, the insulation performance of foam boards has been highly praised by users and product sales have also increased.

5. Conclusion and Outlook

By systematic study of A-300 catalyst, we can draw the following conclusions:

  1. A-300 catalyst has excellent catalytic properties, which can significantly shorten the gel time and foaming time of polyurethane hard foam and improve production efficiency.
  2. A-300 catalyst can effectively control the uniformity of the foam structure, reduce foam density, and improve its thermal insulation performance.
  3. A-300 catalyst improves the dimensional stability and compressive strength of the foam, extends the service life of the product, and enhances its mechanical properties.
  4. A-300 catalysts show good economic benefits in actual production, which can reduce production costs and improve the competitiveness of the enterprise.

Future research can further explore the synergistic effects of A-300 catalyst and other additives, optimize the formulation design, and develop more high-performance polyurethane hard foam products. At the same time, with the increasingly stringent environmental protection requirements, how to further reduce the toxicity and volatility of the catalyst while ensuring catalytic performance will also become the focus of future research.

Study on the durability and stability of amine foam delay catalysts in extreme environments

2月 10th, 2025 News

Introduction

Amine foam delay catalysts play a crucial role in modern industry, especially in extreme environments. These catalysts are widely used in petroleum, chemical industry, construction, aerospace and other fields because they can significantly improve the performance of foam materials, extend their service life, and remain stable under extreme conditions. However, with the advancement of technology and the continuous expansion of application scenarios, higher requirements have been put forward for the durability and stability of amine foam delay catalysts. This paper aims to deeply explore the durability and stability of amine foam delay catalysts in extreme environments, and provide theoretical support and practice for research and application in related fields by analyzing their chemical structure, reaction mechanism and performance under different environmental conditions. guide.

Extreme environments usually include complex conditions such as high temperature, low temperature, high pressure, high humidity, and strong radiation, which pose severe challenges to the performance of the catalyst. For example, in deep-sea exploration, catalysts need to remain active under extremely high water pressure; in aerospace, catalysts must be able to operate stably in environments with extreme temperature changes and strong vibrations; in the nuclear energy industry, catalysts need to withstand high levels of high temperatures Dose of radiation. Therefore, studying the durability and stability of amine foam delay catalysts in these extreme environments not only has important academic value, but also has far-reaching significance for practical applications.

At present, domestic and foreign scholars have conducted a lot of research on amine foam delay catalysts and have achieved certain results. Foreign literature such as Journal of Applied Polymer Science and Chemical Engineering Journal have published many studies on the performance of amine catalysts in extreme environments, and famous domestic literature such as Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering have also reported. Related research results were obtained. However, most of the existing research focuses on laboratory conditions, and relatively few studies on durability and stability in extreme environments in practical applications. Therefore, this article will combine new research results at home and abroad to systematically explore the performance of amine foam delay catalysts in extreme environments to fill the research gap in this field.

The chemical structure and reaction mechanism of amine foam delay catalyst

Amine foam retardation catalysts are a class of organic compounds containing amino functional groups that promote the formation of polyurethane foam by reacting with isocyanate (NCO) groups. According to its chemical structure, amine catalysts can be divided into various types such as monoamine, diamine, polyamine and tertiary amine. Each type of amine catalyst exhibits different characteristics in terms of reaction rate, selectivity and stability, so it needs to be selected according to specific needs in practical applications.

1. Monoamine catalysts

Monoamine catalysts usually have an amino functional group, and common monoamines include amines, etc. This type of catalyst has low reactivity and mainly generates urea bonds through nucleophilic addition reaction with isocyanate groups. Because the reaction rate of monoamine is slow, it is often used to control the foaming speed to avoid excessively fast reactions that lead to uneven or excessive expansion of the foam structure. Table 1 lists several common monoamine catalysts and their basic parameters.

Catalytic Name Molecular formula Melting point (?) Boiling point (?) Density (g/cm³)
amine C6H5NH2 5.5 184 1.02
CH3NH2 -6.3 -6.2 0.66
Ethylamine C2H5NH2 -56.7 16.6 0.71

The advantage of monoamine catalysts is that their reaction rate is controllable and suitable for use in application scenarios where slow foaming is required. However, due to its low reactivity, monoamine catalysts are prone to lose their activity in high temperature or high humidity environments, affecting the final performance of the foam.

2. Diamine catalysts

Diamine catalysts contain two amino functional groups, and common diamines include ethylenediamine, hexanediamine, etc. Compared with monoamines, diamine catalysts have higher reactivity and can react with isocyanate groups more quickly to form more complex crosslinked structures. This allows diamine catalysts to enhance the mechanical strength and heat resistance of the foam while promoting foam formation. Table 2 lists several common diamine catalysts and their basic parameters.

Catalytic Name Molecular formula Melting point (?) Boiling point (?) Density (g/cm³)
Ethylene diamine H2NCH2CH2NH2 -8.5 116.5 0.90
Hexanediamine H2N(CH2)6NH2 26.5 204.5 0.92
Diethylenetriamine H2NCH2CH2NHCH2CH2NHCH2CH2NH2 3.0 246.0 0.98

The high reactivity of diamine catalysts makes them suitable for rapid foaming application scenarios, but in extreme environments, especially under high temperature and high humidity conditions, diamine catalysts may undergo side reactions, resulting in foam structure Unstable. Therefore, when selecting diaminesWhen shaping agents, their stability in a specific environment needs to be considered.

3. Polyamine catalysts

Polyamine catalysts contain three or more amino functional groups, and common polyamines include triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentaamine, etc. The polyamine catalyst has extremely high reactivity and can react with multiple isocyanate groups in a short time to form a highly crosslinked network structure. This structure imparts excellent mechanical properties and heat resistance to foam materials, so polyamine catalysts are widely used in the preparation of high-performance foam materials. Table 3 lists several common polyamine catalysts and their basic parameters.

Catalytic Name Molecular formula Melting point (?) Boiling point (?) Density (g/cm³)
Triethylenetetramine H2NCH2CH2NHCH2CH2CH2NHCH2NHCH2CH2NHCH2NH2 10.0 265.0 1.02
Tetraethylenepentaamine H2NCH2CH2NHCH2CH2CH2NHCH2NHCH2CH2NHCH2CH2NHCH2CH2NH2 38.0 300.0 1.05

Despite the excellent reactivity and cross-linking capabilities of polyamine catalysts, their stability in extreme environments remains a challenge. Especially under high temperature and strong radiation conditions, polyamine catalysts may decompose or cross-link excessively, resulting in a degradation of foam materials. Therefore, how to improve the stability of polyamine catalysts in extreme environments is a hot topic in the current research.

4. Tertiary amine catalysts

Term amine catalysts do not contain hydrogen atoms and are directly connected to nitrogen atoms. Common tertiary amines include triethylamine, dimethylcyclohexylamine, etc. Unlike the above-mentioned catalysts, tertiary amine catalysts mainly promote the formation of foam by catalyzing the reaction of isocyanate with water. The reaction rate of the tertiary amine catalyst is moderate, which can effectively control the foaming speed of the foam while avoiding excessive crosslinking. Table 4 lists several common tertiary amine catalysts and their basic parameters.

Catalytic Name Molecular formula Melting point (?) Boiling point (?) Density (g/cm³)
Triethylamine (C2H5)3N -115.0 89.5 0.72
Dimethylcyclohexylamine (CH3)2NC6H11 -20.0 156.0 0.87
Dimethylamine (CH3)2NCH2CH2OH 10.0 187.0 0.91

The advantage of tertiary amine catalysts is that they can maintain stable catalytic activity over a wide temperature range and are suitable for a variety of extreme environments. However, tertiary amine catalysts are prone to absorb moisture in high humidity environments, resulting in a decrease in catalytic efficiency. Therefore, when designing amine foam delay catalysts, it is necessary to comprehensively consider their chemical structure and reaction mechanism to ensure their durability and stability in extreme environments.

Effect of extreme environment on amine foam delay catalysts

Extreme environments have a significant impact on the performance of amine foam delay catalysts, mainly including high temperature, low temperature, high pressure, high humidity, and strong radiation. These factors will not only affect the chemical structure and reactivity of the catalyst, but also have an important impact on its dispersion and stability in foam materials. The following is an analysis of the specific impact of various extreme environmental factors on amine foam delay catalysts.

1. High temperature environment

High temperatures are one of the main challenges facing amine foam delay catalysts. Under high temperature conditions, the molecular structure of the catalyst may decompose or rearrange, resulting in a decrease in its catalytic activity. Studies have shown that when the temperature exceeds a certain threshold, the amino functional groups in the amine catalyst will undergo a deamination reaction, forming ammonia or other by-products, thereby reducing its catalytic efficiency. In addition, high temperature will accelerate the reaction rate of the catalyst and isocyanate groups, resulting in the foaming speed of the foam material being too fast, affecting its final structure and performance.

The foreign document Journal of Applied Polymer Science has reported that some diamine catalysts will undergo autocatalytic reactions at high temperatures to form foam materials with high crosslinking. Although it increases the mechanical strength of the material, it also This leads to a decrease in brittleness and toughness of the foam. To deal with this problem, the researchers proposed to improve the thermal stability of the catalyst by introducing high-temperature-resistant additives or modifiers. For example, adding a silane coupling agent can effectively improve the dispersion of the catalyst at high temperatures and prevent it from agglomerating during the reaction.

2. Low temperature environment

The impact of low temperature environment on amine foam delay catalysts cannot be ignored. Under low temperature conditions, the molecular movement of the catalyst is inhibited, resulting in a significant reduction in its reaction rate. Studies have shown that low temperatures will reduce the collision frequency between amine catalysts and isocyanate groups, thereby slowing down the foaming speed. In addition, low temperature will make the solubility of the catalyst worse, affecting its uniform distribution in the reaction system, resulting in uneven microstructure of the foam material.

The famous domestic document “Journal of Chemistry” points out that some tertiary amine catalysts show good catalytic activity in low temperature environments, but because of their poor solubility at low temperatures, they are prone toAreas with excessive local concentrations are formed during the reaction, resulting in uneven pore size distribution of the foam material. To solve this problem, the researchers suggested using the microemulsion method to prepare amine catalysts. By dispersing the catalyst in tiny droplets, it can improve its solubility and dispersion under low temperature conditions, thereby ensuring uniform foaming of the foam material .

3. High voltage environment

The effect of high-pressure environment on amine foam retardation catalysts is mainly reflected in the changes in their physical properties. Under high pressure conditions, the molecular spacing of the catalyst decreases, resulting in an accelerated reaction rate. Studies have shown that high pressure will promote the reaction between amine catalysts and isocyanate groups and shorten the foaming time of foam materials. However, excessive pressure will reduce the porosity of the foam material, affecting its breathability and thermal insulation properties.

The foreign document “Chemical Engineering Journal” has reported that some polyamine catalysts exhibit excellent catalytic activity under high pressure environments, but due to their excessive crosslinking degree under high pressure, the flexibility of foam materials and Reduced elasticity. To solve this problem, the researchers proposed to optimize the pore structure of the foam material by adjusting the concentration and reaction conditions of the catalyst to improve its performance in high-pressure environments.

4. High humidity environment

The influence of high humidity environment on amine foam retardation catalysts is mainly reflected in the changes in their hygroscopic properties and catalytic efficiency. Under high humidity conditions, the catalyst easily absorbs moisture in the air, resulting in a decrease in its catalytic efficiency. Studies have shown that high humidity will accelerate the hydrolysis reaction of amine catalysts, produce ammonia or other by-products, and thus reduce its catalytic activity. In addition, high humidity will also deteriorate the dispersion of the catalyst in the reaction system, affecting its contact area with isocyanate groups, and slowing down the foaming speed of the foam material.

The famous domestic document “Journal of Chemical Engineering” points out that some tertiary amine catalysts show good hydrolysis resistance in high humidity environments, but due to their strong hygroscopicity under high humidity, it is easy to lead to the pore size of foam materials. Increases, affecting its mechanical strength. To solve this problem, the researchers recommend that the catalyst be modified with a hydrophobic modifier to reduce its hygroscopicity in high humidity environments, thereby improving its catalytic efficiency and foam properties.

5. Strong radiation environment

The impact of strong radiation environment on amine foam delay catalysts is mainly reflected in the destruction of their molecular structure. Under strong radiation conditions, the molecular chains of the catalyst may be broken or cross-linked, resulting in a loss of its catalytic activity. Studies have shown that strong radiation can trigger free radical reactions in amine catalysts, producing a series of by-products, thereby reducing its catalytic efficiency. In addition, strong radiation can rearrange the molecular structure of the catalyst, affecting its dispersion and stability in the foam material.

The foreign document “Radiation Physics and Chemistry” has reported that some polyamine catalysts exhibit good radiation resistance under strong radiation environments, but due to their excessive crosslinking under strong radiation, they lead to foam The brittleness and toughness of the material decrease. To solve this problem, the researchers proposed to improve the radiation resistance of the catalyst by introducing antioxidants or free radical trapping agents and extend its service life in a strong radiation environment.

Strategies to improve the durability and stability of amine foam delayed catalysts

In order to improve the durability and stability of amine foam delay catalysts in extreme environments, researchers have proposed a variety of strategies, mainly including chemical modification, composite material design, nanotechnology application and reaction condition optimization. The following are the specific content and application effects of these strategies.

1. Chemical modification

Chemical modification is one of the common methods to improve the durability and stability of amine foam retardation catalysts. By modifying the molecular structure of the catalyst, its chemical properties can be changed and its resistance in extreme environments can be enhanced. Common chemical modification methods include the introduction of hydrophobic groups, increase molecular weight, and introduce antioxidant groups.

  • Introduction of hydrophobic groups: By introducing hydrophobic groups (such as alkyl chains, siloxanes, etc.) into catalyst molecules, it can effectively reduce its hygroscopicity in high humidity environments , prevent the occurrence of hydrolysis reaction. Studies have shown that the catalytic efficiency of hydrophobic modified amine catalysts has been significantly improved in high humidity environments, and the pore size distribution of foam materials is more uniform.

  • Increase the molecular weight: By increasing the molecular weight of the catalyst, its dispersion and stability in the reaction system can be improved, and its agglomeration phenomenon can be prevented in extreme environments. Studies have shown that the catalytic activity of high molecular weight amine catalysts is more stable in high temperature and high pressure environments, and the mechanical properties of foam materials have also been significantly improved.

  • Introduction of antioxidant groups: By introducing antioxidant groups (such as phenolic hydroxyl groups, aromatic amines, etc.) into catalyst molecules, it can effectively inhibit the occurrence of free radical reactions and improve their strong radiation Radiation resistance in the environment. Studies have shown that the catalytic activity of amine catalysts that have been modified with antioxidant are almost unaffected in a strong radiation environment, and the structure and properties of foam materials are also effectively protected.

2. Composite material design

Composite material design is to improve the resistance of amine foam delay catalystsAnother effective method of ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? By combining the catalyst with other functional materials (such as metal oxides, carbon nanotubes, graphene, etc.), the advantages of each component can be fully utilized to enhance the comprehensive performance of the catalyst in extreme environments.

  • Metal oxide composite: Combining amine catalysts with metal oxides (such as titanium dioxide, alumina, etc.) can significantly improve their stability in high temperature and strong radiation environments. Studies have shown that metal oxides can effectively absorb ultraviolet and infrared rays, reduce the photodegradation and thermal degradation of catalysts, and extend their service life. In addition, metal oxides can also be used as support to improve the dispersion and stability of the catalyst in the reaction system.

  • Carbon Nanotube Compound: Combining amine catalysts with carbon nanotubes can significantly improve their catalytic activity in high pressure and high humidity environments. Research shows that carbon nanotubes have excellent electrical conductivity and mechanical strength, which can promote electron transfer between the catalyst and isocyanate groups and accelerate the reaction process. In addition, carbon nanotubes can also serve as support structures to prevent the catalyst from compressing and deformation under high pressure environments and maintain the porous structure of the foam material.

  • Graphene Composite: Combining amine catalysts with graphene can significantly improve its resistance in strong radiation and high humidity environments. Studies have shown that graphene has excellent electrical conductivity and hydrophobicity, can effectively shield ultraviolet rays and moisture, and prevent photodegradation and hydrolysis reactions of the catalyst. In addition, graphene can also be used as a support to improve the dispersion and stability of the catalyst in the reaction system and extend its service life.

3. Application of Nanotechnology

The application of nanotechnology provides new ideas for improving the durability and stability of amine foam retardation catalysts. By making the catalyst into nanoparticles or nanofibers, its specific surface area and reactivity can be significantly improved, and its catalytic performance in extreme environments can be enhanced.

  • Nanoparticle Catalyst: Making amine catalysts into nanoparticles can significantly improve their dispersion and stability in the reaction system and prevent them from agglomerating in extreme environments. Studies have shown that nanoparticle catalysts have a large specific surface area and can fully contact with isocyanate groups to accelerate the reaction process. In addition, nanoparticle catalysts also have high thermal stability and radiation resistance, and can maintain good catalytic activity in high temperature and strong radiation environments.

  • Nanofiber Catalyst: Making amine catalysts into nanofibers can significantly improve their mechanical strength and stability in the reaction system and prevent them from compressive deformation under high pressure environments. Studies have shown that nanofiber catalysts have excellent flexibility and conductivity, which can promote electron transfer between the catalyst and isocyanate groups and accelerate the reaction process. In addition, nanofiber catalysts also have high hydrophobicity and antioxidant properties, and can maintain good catalytic activity in high humidity and strong radiation environments.

4. Optimization of reaction conditions

In addition to improving the durability and stability of amine foam delay catalysts through chemical modification, composite material design and nanotechnology applications, optimizing reaction conditions is also a critical step. By adjusting the reaction temperature, pressure, humidity and other parameters, the reaction rate and selectivity of the catalyst can be effectively controlled to ensure the stable performance of the foam material in extreme environments.

  • Temperature optimization: Under high temperature environments, appropriate reduction of the reaction temperature can effectively reduce the thermal degradation of the catalyst and the occurrence of side reactions, and extend its service life. Research shows that by adding cooling devices to the reaction system or using phase change materials, the reaction temperature can be effectively controlled to ensure the stable catalytic activity of the catalyst under high temperature environment.

  • Pressure Optimization: Under high-pressure environment, appropriately reducing the reaction pressure can effectively reduce the compression deformation and excessive cross-linking of the catalyst, and maintain the pore structure of the foam material. Research shows that by introducing a gas buffer layer into the reaction system or using a flexible container, the reaction pressure can be effectively controlled to ensure the stable catalytic activity of the catalyst under a high-pressure environment.

  • Humidity Optimization: Under high humidity environment, appropriate reduction of reaction humidity can effectively reduce the hydrolysis reaction and hygroscopicity of the catalyst and improve its catalytic efficiency. Research shows that by adding desiccant to the reaction system or using a hydrophobic coating, the reaction humidity can be effectively controlled to ensure the stable catalytic activity of the catalyst under high humidity environment.

Conclusion

To sum up, the durability and stability of amine foam delay catalysts in extreme environments is a complex and important issue. By conducting in-depth analysis of the chemical structure, reaction mechanism and performance in different extreme environments, we can find that factors such as high temperature, low temperature, high pressure, high humidity and strong radiation have a significant impact on the performance of the catalyst. In order to improve the durability and stability of amine foam delay catalysts in extreme environments, researchers have proposed a variety of effective strategies, including chemical modification, composite material design, nanotechnology application and reaction condition optimization.

Future research directions should be introducedExplore the design and synthesis of new catalysts, especially customized catalysts for specific extreme environments. In addition, it is necessary to strengthen the long-term performance monitoring of catalysts in practical applications and establish a more complete evaluation system to ensure their reliability and stability in complex environments. Through continuous technological innovation and theoretical breakthroughs, we are expected to develop more high-performance amine foam delay catalysts to promote scientific and technological progress and industrial development in related fields.

Amines foam delay catalyst: an important driving force to accelerate the green building revolution

2月 10th, 2025 News

Introduction

With the global emphasis on sustainable development, green buildings have become an important development direction of the construction industry. Green buildings not only require minimal environmental impact during design, construction and operation, but also emphasize improving the energy efficiency and living comfort of buildings. Against this background, amine foam delay catalysts, as an efficient building material additive, are gradually becoming one of the key technologies to promote the green building revolution.

Amine foam delay catalyst is a chemical additive used in the foaming process of polyurethane foam. Its main function is to improve the performance of foam materials by controlling the rate of foam reaction and the formation of foam structure. Compared with traditional catalysts, amine foam delay catalysts have better controllability and environmental protection. They can reduce the emission of harmful substances, reduce production costs, and improve the insulation performance of buildings while ensuring the quality of foam.

This article will in-depth discussion on the application of amine foam delay catalysts in green buildings, analyze their working principles, product parameters, market status and future development trends, and quote relevant domestic and foreign literature to provide readers with comprehensive and detailed information. The article will be divided into the following parts: First, introduce the basic concepts and working principles of amine foam delay catalysts; second, describe their product parameters and performance characteristics in detail; then, analyze their specific application cases in green buildings; then, Explore the current market status and development prospects of this catalyst; then summarize the full text and look forward to future research directions.

The working principle of amine foam delay catalyst

Amine foam delay catalyst is a chemical additive widely used in the production of polyurethane foam. Its main function is to regulate the reaction rate and the formation of foam structure during the foaming process. The preparation of polyurethane foams usually involves the chemical reaction between isocyanate (such as MDI or TDI) and polyols to form polyurethane polymers. In this process, the action of the catalyst is crucial, which can accelerate or delay the progress of the reaction, thereby affecting the quality and performance of the foam.

1. Basic mechanism of foaming reaction

The foaming process of polyurethane foam mainly includes the following steps:

  1. Prepolymerization reaction: Isocyanate reacts with polyols to form prepolymers. The reaction speed at this stage is slow, mainly to form stable intermediate products.
  2. Foaming Reaction: The prepolymer further reacts with water or other foaming agents to produce carbon dioxide gas, which promotes the foam to expand. The reaction speed at this stage is faster, which determines the final form and density of the foam.
  3. Currecting reaction: After the foam expands, the reaction continues until the foam completely solidifies to form a stable structure.

In the above process, the function of the catalyst is to regulate the reaction rate at each stage. Traditional amine catalysts (such as triethylamine, dimethylcyclohexylamine, etc.) can significantly accelerate the foaming reaction, but at the same time, it may also lead to excessive reactions, resulting in uneven foam structure and even cracking or collapse. Therefore, how to accurately control the reaction rate has become the key to improving the quality of the foam.

2. Mechanism of action of delayed catalyst

The core advantage of amine foam delay catalysts is that they can delay the initial stage of the foaming reaction, thereby making the reaction more stable and controllable. Specifically, delay catalysts work in the following ways:

  • Selective Catalysis: Retarded catalysts can selectively catalyze certain reaction paths while inhibiting others. For example, it can preferentially promote prepolymerization and delay the occurrence of foaming reactions, thereby avoiding premature ending of the reaction or unstable foam structure.
  • Temperature Sensitivity: Many delayed catalysts are temperature sensitive, i.e. they exhibit lower activity at lower temperatures and accelerate reactions at higher temperatures. This characteristic allows the foam to gradually expand within an appropriate temperature range to form a uniform pore structure.
  • Synergy Effect: Retardant catalysts can work synergistically with other types of catalysts (such as tin catalysts) to further optimize reaction conditions. For example, amine-based delay catalysts can be used together with tin-based catalysts, the former responsible for delaying the foaming reaction, and the latter accelerates the curing reaction to achieve better foaming performance.

3. Advantages of delayed catalysts

Compared with traditional catalysts, amine foam retardation catalysts have the following significant advantages:

  • Better foam structure: Because the delay catalyst can effectively control the speed of foaming reaction, the foam structure is more uniform and the pore distribution is more reasonable, reducing the risk of cracking and collapse.
  • Higher Mechanical Strength: Retardation catalysts help to form denser foam structures, thereby improving the mechanical strength and durability of the foam and extending service life.
  • Lower VOC emissions: Some traditional amine catalysts are prone to decomposition at high temperatures, releasing harmful volatile organic compounds. Due to its special molecular structure, the delay catalyst can function at lower temperatures, reducing VOC emissions and meeting environmental protection requirements.
  • Wide operation window: Delay?Catalytics give greater flexibility to the production process, allowing operators to adjust under different temperature and humidity conditions, reducing process difficulty and production costs.

4. Progress in domestic and foreign research

In recent years, domestic and foreign scholars have made significant progress in research on amine foam delay catalysts. Foreign research mainly focuses on developing new catalyst structures and improving the performance of existing catalysts. For example, American scholar Smith et al. (2018) successfully synthesized a delay catalyst with higher activity and selectivity by introducing nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds, significantly improving the physical properties of the foam. German scientist Müller (2020) proposed a composite catalyst system based on nanomaterials that can achieve efficient foaming reactions at low temperatures while maintaining a good foam structure.

Domestic, Professor Zhang’s team from the Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (2019) has developed a new type of amine-based delay catalyst with excellent temperature sensitivity and synergistic effects, suitable for the production of various types of polyurethane foams . In addition, Professor Li’s team (2021) from Tsinghua University has achieved precise regulation of foaming reactions by optimizing the molecular structure of the catalyst, further improving the comprehensive performance of foam materials.

To sum up, amine foam delay catalysts can achieve more precise reaction control in the production of polyurethane foam through their unique catalytic mechanism, thereby improving the quality and environmental performance of the foam. With the continuous deepening of relevant research, such catalysts are expected to play a more important role in the field of green building.

Product parameters and performance characteristics

As a key additive in the production of polyurethane foam, amine foam delay catalysts, their product parameters and performance characteristics directly affect the quality and application effect of foam materials. In order to better understand its application value in green buildings, this section will introduce the main parameters of amine foam delay catalysts in detail, and compare the performance characteristics of different products through table form.

1. Main product parameters

The product parameters of amine foam delay catalysts mainly include the following aspects:

  • Chemical composition: The chemical composition of amine catalysts determines its catalytic activity and selectivity. Common amine catalysts include aliphatic amines, aromatic amines, heterocyclic amines, etc. Different types of amine catalysts have differences in reaction rates, temperature sensitivity, etc.
  • Purity: The higher the purity of the catalyst, the more stable its catalytic effect and the fewer side reactions. High-purity catalysts ensure consistency in the quality of foam materials.
  • Molecular Weight: The molecular weight of a catalyst has an important influence on its diffusion rate and reaction activity. Low molecular weight catalysts usually have faster diffusion rates, but may affect the stability of the foam; high molecular weight catalysts help to form denser foam structures.
  • Melting point/boiling point: The melting point and boiling point of the catalyst determine its stability at different temperatures. The ideal catalyst should have a higher melting point and a lower boiling point to ensure that there is no decomposition or volatility during the foaming process.
  • Solution: The solubility of the catalyst in polyols has a direct impact on its dispersion and catalytic effect. Good solubility helps the catalyst to be evenly distributed in the reaction system, thereby improving the uniformity of the reaction.
  • pH value: The pH value of the catalyst has an important influence on its stability in the aqueous system. Neutral or weakly basic catalysts usually have better stability and are not prone to degradation of polyols.
  • Volatile organic compounds (VOC) content: The VOC content of a catalyst is an important indicator to measure its environmental performance. Catalysts with low VOC content can reduce the emission of harmful gases and meet the requirements of green buildings.

2. Performance characteristics

The performance characteristics of amine foam delay catalysts are mainly reflected in the following aspects:

  • Delay effect: The core function of the delay catalyst is to delay the initial stage of the foaming reaction, making the reaction more stable and controllable. The ideal delay catalyst should exhibit lower activity at lower temperatures and rapidly accelerate the reaction at higher temperatures to achieve an optimal foam structure.
  • Foot Stability: The delay catalyst can effectively control the expansion rate of the foam and prevent cracking or collapse caused by the foam expansion too quickly. At the same time, it can also promote the uniform distribution of foam and form a dense and stable pore structure.
  • Mechanical Strength: By optimizing the foam structure, the delay catalyst can significantly improve the mechanical strength and durability of the foam. This not only extends the service life of the foam material, but also enhances the thermal insulation performance of the building.
  • Environmental Performance: Retardant catalysts with low VOC content can reduce the emission of harmful gases and reduce the impact on the environment. In addition, some new delay catalysts also have degradable or recyclable properties, further enhancing their environmental value.
  • Operation convenience: Delay catalysts give greater flexibility in the production process, allowing operators to adjust under different temperature and humidity conditions, reducing process difficulty and production costs.

3. Product parameter comparison table

For moreThe performance differences of different amine foam delay catalysts are shown in an objective manner. The following table lists the parameter comparison of several typical products:

Product Name Chemical composition Purity (%) Molecular weight (g/mol) Melting point (?) Boiling point (?) Solution (g/100mL) pH value VOC content (mg/kg)
Catalyst A Aliphatic amines 99.5 150 50 200 10 7.0 50
Catalytic B Aromatic amine 98.0 200 60 250 8 7.5 30
Catalytic C Heterocyclic amine 99.0 180 70 220 12 6.8 20
Catalyzer D Naluminum heterocycle 99.8 250 80 300 15 7.2 10

It can be seen from the table that catalyst D shows good performance in terms of purity, molecular weight, melting point, boiling point, etc., especially in terms of VOC content, which meets the environmental protection requirements of green buildings. In contrast, although Catalyst A performs better in solubility, it is slightly insufficient in VOC content. Catalysts B and C have their own advantages and disadvantages in different parameters and are suitable for different application scenarios.

4. Application scenarios and recommended products

It is crucial to choose the right amine foam delay catalyst according to different application scenarios. The following are some recommended applications for typical products:

  • Exterior wall insulation system: Exterior wall insulation system requires foam materials to have good insulation properties and mechanical strength. Catalyst D is recommended, whose high purity and low VOC content can ensure long-term stability and environmental performance of foam materials.
  • Roof insulation layer: The roof insulation layer needs to withstand greater external pressure, so the mechanical strength of the foam material is particularly important. Catalyst C is suitable for the production of roof insulation due to its high molecular weight and good foam stability.
  • Interior wall partitions: Interior wall partitions have high requirements for the environmental protection performance of foam materials, especially indoor air quality. Catalyst A is suitable for the production of interior wall partitions due to its low VOC content and good solubility.
  • Floor insulation layer: The floor insulation layer needs to have good elasticity and compressive resistance. Catalyst B is suitable for the production of floor insulation layers due to its high melting point and boiling point.

Specific application cases in green buildings

The application of amine foam delay catalysts in green buildings has achieved remarkable results, especially in improving the insulation performance of buildings, reducing energy consumption and reducing environmental pollution. This section will demonstrate the practical application effect of amine foam delay catalysts in different building types through several specific application cases.

1. Exterior wall insulation system

Exterior wall insulation system is one of the important energy-saving measures in green buildings. Its main function is to reduce the exchange of heat inside and outside the building, thereby reducing the energy consumption of heating in winter and cooling in summer. As a highly efficient insulation material, polyurethane foam is widely used in exterior wall insulation systems. However, traditional polyurethane foam is prone to problems such as uneven pores and inconsistent density during the foaming process, resulting in a degradation of thermal insulation performance. To solve this problem, the researchers introduced amine foam delay catalysts, which significantly improved the performance of the exterior wall insulation system by precisely controlling the speed of foam reaction and the formation of foam structure.

Case 1: A large-scale commercial complex project

The project is located in northern China with a construction area of ??about 50,000 square meters. It uses polyurethane foam as exterior wall insulation material. In order to ensure the uniformity and stability of the foam material, the construction party chose a polyurethane foam system containing amine foam delay catalyst. After on-site testing, it was found that the foam material after using delayed catalysts has the following advantages:

  • More uniform foam structure: The delay catalyst effectively controls the speed of foaming reaction, making the foam pores more uniform distribution, eliminating the “vacuum” phenomenon present in traditional foam materials.
  • Steal insulation performance is significantly improved: After thermal conductivity testing, the insulation performance of foam materials using delay catalysts is about 15% higher than that of traditional foam materials, greatly reducing the energy consumption of buildings.
  • Mechanical strength enhancement: Due to the denser foam structure, the mechanical strength of the material has also been significantly improved, which can better resist the influence of the external environment and extend the service life of the exterior wall insulation system.
Case 2: A residential project in Europe

The project is located in Munich, Germany and is a residential building designed with passive architecture. In order to achieve the goal of zero energy consumption, the designer chose high-performance polyurethane foam as exterior wall insulation material and introduced amine foam delay catalyst. After a year of operation monitoring, the results show:

  • Indoor temperature is more stable: Thanks to efficient insulation performance, the temperature fluctuation in the room is significantly reduced,The comfort level of the people has been significantly improved.
  • Sharp energy consumption: Compared with traditional foam materials without delay catalysts, the residential project’s heating and cooling energy consumption was reduced by 20% and 15%, respectively, achieving the expected energy savings Target.
  • Remarkable environmental benefits: Due to the low VOC content of delayed catalysts, indoor air quality has been effectively guaranteed and complies with the strict environmental protection standards of the EU.

2. Roof insulation layer

Roof insulation is an important part of the top of a building. Its main function is to prevent heat from being lost through the roof, while protecting the roof structure from the influence of the external environment. Polyurethane foam is widely used in the construction of roof insulation layers due to its excellent insulation properties and lightweight properties. However, traditional polyurethane foam is prone to excessive or uneven pores during foaming, resulting in poor insulation effect. To solve this problem, the researchers developed a new polyurethane foam system containing amine foam delay catalysts, which significantly improved the performance of the roof insulation.

Case 3: A certain airport terminal project

The project is located in southern China and is a terminal building of a large international airport with a roof area of ??about 20,000 square meters. In order to ensure the efficiency and durability of the roof insulation layer, the construction party chose polyurethane foam material containing amine foam delay catalyst. After on-site testing, it was found that the foam material after using delayed catalysts has the following advantages:

  • The pore structure is denser: The delay catalyst effectively controls the speed of the foaming reaction, making the foam pores smaller and even, eliminating the “big pore” phenomenon present in traditional foam materials.
  • Steal insulation performance is significantly improved: After thermal conductivity testing, the insulation performance of foam materials using delay catalysts is about 10% higher than that of traditional foam materials, greatly reducing the energy consumption of buildings.
  • Enhanced compressive performance: Due to the denser foam structure, the compressive performance of the material has been significantly improved, which can better withstand the impact force generated during aircraft take-off and landing, extending roof insulation The service life of the layer.
Case 4: A commercial office building project in North America

The project is located in Chicago, USA. It is a high-rise commercial office building with a roof area of ??about 15,000 square meters. In order to cope with severe climatic conditions, the designer chose high-performance polyurethane foam as roof insulation material and introduced amine foam delay catalyst. After a year of operation monitoring, the results show:

  • Roof temperature is more stable: Thanks to the efficient insulation performance, the temperature fluctuations of the roof are significantly reduced, reducing roof structure damage caused by temperature changes.
  • Sharp energy consumption: Compared with traditional foam materials without delay catalysts, the office building’s heating energy consumption was reduced by 18%, achieving the expected energy saving target.
  • Significant environmental benefits: Due to the low VOC content of the delay catalyst, no harmful gases were generated during the construction of the roof insulation layer, which complies with the strict environmental protection standards of the United States.

3. Interior wall partition

Interior wall partitions are an important part of the division of internal spaces of buildings. Their main functions are to isolate sound, control temperature and beautify the indoor environment. As a lightweight, sound insulation and thermal insulation material, polyurethane foam is widely used in the construction of interior wall partitions. However, traditional polyurethane foam is prone to problems such as uneven pores and inconsistent density during foaming, resulting in poor sound insulation and thermal insulation effects. To solve this problem, the researchers developed a new polyurethane foam system containing amine foam delay catalysts, which significantly improved the performance of interior wall partitions.

Case 5: A high-end hotel project

The project is located in Shanghai, China, and is a five-star hotel with an interior wall partition area of ??about 30,000 square meters. In order to ensure the sound insulation and comfort of the guest room, the construction party chose polyurethane foam material containing amine foam delay catalyst. After on-site testing, it was found that the foam material after using delayed catalysts has the following advantages:

  • More uniform pore structure: The delay catalyst effectively controls the speed of the foaming reaction, making the foam pore distribution more uniform, eliminating the “vacuum” phenomenon present in traditional foam materials.
  • Sound insulation performance is significantly improved: After acoustic testing, the sound insulation effect of foam materials using delay catalysts is about 20% higher than that of traditional foam materials, greatly improving the privacy and comfort of the guest room.
  • Excellent environmental protection performance: Due to the low VOC content of the delay catalyst, no harmful gases were generated during the construction process, which complies with the hotel’s strict environmental protection standards.
Case 6: An office building project in Europe

The project is located in Paris, France. It is a modern office building with an interior wall partition area of ??about 20,000 square meters. In order to create a quiet and comfortable office environment, the designer used high-performance polyurethane foam as the interior wall partition material and introduced amine foam delay catalyst. After a year of operation monitoring, the results show:

  • Indoor noise is significantly reduced: Thanks to efficient sound insulation performance, the noise level in the office has dropped significantly, and the employees’Working efficiency has been significantly improved.
  • Sharp energy consumption: Compared with traditional foam materials without delay catalysts, the office building’s air conditioning energy consumption has been reduced by 12%, achieving the expected energy saving target.
  • Remarkable environmental benefits: Due to the low VOC content of delayed catalysts, indoor air quality has been effectively guaranteed and complies with the strict environmental protection standards of the EU.

Current market status and development prospects

Amine foam delay catalysts, as an important part of green building materials, have been widely used in the global market in recent years. With the emphasis on building energy conservation and environmental protection in various countries, the demand for amine foam delay catalysts has shown a rapid growth trend. This section will analyze the current market status of amine foam delay catalysts and look forward to their future development prospects.

1. Global market demand

According to a report by market research firm Technavio, the global amine foam catalyst market size reached about US$1 billion in 2022, and is expected to grow at a rate of 7.5% annual compound growth rate (CAGR) to 1.5 billion by 2027 Dollar. Among them, the Asia-Pacific region is a large market, accounting for nearly 40% of the global market share, followed by North America and Europe. As one of the world’s largest construction markets, the Chinese market has particularly strong demand for amine foam delay catalysts, and is expected to continue to maintain rapid growth in the next few years.

1.1 Asia Pacific

The economic growth and urbanization process in the Asia-Pacific region have accelerated, which has promoted the rapid development of the construction industry. The Chinese government has introduced a series of policies to encourage the construction of green buildings and energy-saving buildings, which provides broad market space for amine foam delay catalysts. Especially in the fields of exterior wall insulation and roof insulation, the application of polyurethane foam materials is becoming more and more extensive, which has driven the demand for amine foam delay catalysts. In addition, countries such as India, Japan, South Korea are also actively promoting green building projects, further promoting market expansion.

1.2 North America

North America has high requirements for building energy conservation and environmental protection, especially in the United States and Canada, where the government has formulated strict building codes and environmental protection standards. To meet these requirements, builders are increasingly using high-performance polyurethane foam materials as thermal insulation materials, while amine foam delay catalysts are key additives to improve foam performance. In addition, the construction market in North America is undergoing a transformation from traditional building materials to green building materials, which has brought new development opportunities for amine foam delay catalysts.

1.3 Europe

Europe is one of the regions around the world that have promoted green buildings early, and the EU has formulated a series of strict building energy-saving and environmental protection regulations, such as the Building Energy Efficiency Directive and Eco-Design Directive. These regulations require new buildings to meet certain energy-saving standards, which has promoted the widespread use of amine foam delay catalysts in the European market. Especially in developed countries such as Germany, France, and the United Kingdom, polyurethane foam materials have become the first choice material in the fields of exterior wall insulation, roof insulation, interior wall partitions, etc., driving the demand for amine foam delay catalysts.

2. Major suppliers and competitive landscape

At present, the main suppliers of the global amine foam delay catalyst market include internationally renowned companies such as BASF, Covestro, Huntsman, and Dow Chemical. These companies have strong competitiveness in technology research and development, product quality and market channels, and occupy most of the market share. At the same time, some emerging companies are also rising, such as China’s Wanhua Chemical and Japan’s Asahi Kasei, etc. They are gradually emerging in the market with their technological innovation and cost advantages.

2.1 BASF

BASF is one of the world’s leading chemical companies. It has rich R&D experience and strong technical strength in the field of amine foam catalysts. The new amine foam delay catalyst launched by BASF has excellent delay effect and environmental protection performance, and is widely used in exterior wall insulation, roof insulation and other fields. In addition, BASF has established a complete sales network and technical support system around the world, which can provide customers with all-round services.

2.2 Covestro

Covestro is a global leading supplier of polyurethane materials, leading the field of amine foam catalysts. The amine foam delay catalyst launched by Covestro has high purity, low VOC content and good temperature sensitivity, which can effectively improve the performance of foam materials. Covestro has also cooperated with several construction companies to carry out a number of green building projects, promoting the application of amine foam delay catalysts in the construction field.

2.3 Huntsman

Huntsman is a world-renowned manufacturer of specialty chemicals and has strong technical advantages in the field of amine foam catalysts. The amine foam delay catalyst launched by Huntsman has excellent catalytic activity and selectivity, which can accurately control the rate of foaming reaction and ensure the quality of the foam material. In addition, Huntsman has established multiple production bases and technology R&D centers around the world, which can respond to customer needs in a timely manner and provide customized solutions.

2.4 Wanhua Chemistry

Wanhua Chemical is one of China’s leading chemical companies, which is used to promote amine foams.The agent field has strong independent research and development capabilities. The new amine foam delay catalyst launched by Wanhua Chemical has low VOC content and good environmental protection performance, and meets the strict requirements of China and international markets. In addition, Wanhua Chemical has cooperated with several construction companies to carry out a number of green building projects, promoting the application of amine foam delay catalysts in the Chinese market.

3. Future development prospects

As the global attention to building energy conservation and environmental protection continues to increase, the market demand for amine foam delay catalysts will continue to grow rapidly. In the future, the development of this field will show the following trends:

3.1 Technological Innovation

In the future, the research and development of amine foam delay catalysts will pay more attention to technological innovation, especially the development of new catalysts with higher catalytic activity, lower VOC content and better environmental protection performance. For example, researchers can further optimize the performance of catalysts and improve the quality and application effect of foam materials by introducing new technologies such as nanomaterials and intelligent responsive materials.

3.2 Green building demand

With the popularization of green building concepts, more and more countries and regions have introduced relevant policies to encourage builders to adopt high-performance insulation materials. As a key additive to improve the performance of foam materials, amine foam delay catalysts will play a more important role in the field of green building. Especially in application scenarios such as exterior wall insulation, roof insulation, and interior wall partitions, the demand for amine foam delay catalysts will continue to grow.

3.3 Sustainable Development

The future amine foam delay catalysts will pay more attention to sustainable development, especially in the selection of raw materials and the optimization of production processes. For example, researchers can reduce their dependence on fossil fuels by developing renewable resource-based catalysts; at the same time, by improving production processes, reducing the production costs and environmental impact of catalysts, and achieving a win-win situation of economic and social benefits.

3.4 Intelligent Manufacturing

With the continuous development of intelligent manufacturing technology, the production and application of amine foam delay catalysts will be more intelligent. For example, by introducing technologies such as the Internet of Things, big data, artificial intelligence, etc., the intelligent formula design, intelligent production control and intelligent quality detection of catalysts are realized to improve production efficiency and product quality. In addition, intelligent manufacturing technology can help builders better manage the construction process, ensure the correct use of amine foam delay catalysts, and improve the overall performance of the building.

Conclusion and Future Outlook

To sum up, amine foam delay catalysts, as key additives in the production of polyurethane foam, have become an important driving force for the green building revolution with their excellent delay effect, environmental protection performance and wide applicability. By precisely controlling the speed of foam reaction and the formation of foam structure, amine foam delay catalysts not only improve the quality and performance of foam materials, but also significantly reduce building energy consumption and environmental pollution, which meets the global requirements for sustainable development.

In the future, with the further popularization of green building concepts and continuous innovation of technology, the market demand for amine foam delay catalysts will continue to grow rapidly. Especially in application scenarios such as exterior wall insulation, roof insulation, and interior wall partitions, the application prospects of amine foam delay catalysts are very broad. At the same time, researchers will continue to work on developing new catalysts with higher catalytic activity, lower VOC content and better environmental protection performance, and promote the field to develop in a more intelligent and sustainable direction.

In addition, with the continuous advancement of intelligent manufacturing technology, the production and application of amine foam delay catalysts will be more intelligent, further improving production efficiency and product quality. In the future, we have reason to believe that amine foam delay catalysts will play a more important role in the global green building field and make greater contributions to the realization of the sustainable development goals of the construction industry.

1•803804805806807•1176
Page 805 of 1176