Study on the effect of DMEA dimethylamine on plastic toughening
1. Introduction
Plastics are an important polymer material and are widely used in various fields. However, plastics have problems with high brittleness and insufficient toughness in some applications, which limits their use in certain demanding environments. To improve the toughness of plastics, researchers have developed a variety of toughening agents, among which DMEA (dimethylamine) is an effective toughening agent, has received widespread attention in recent years. This article will discuss in detail the effect of DMEA on plastic toughening, including its mechanism of action, product parameters, experimental methods and result analysis.
2. Basic properties of DMEA
2.1 Chemical structure
The chemical formula of DMEA (dimethylamine) is C4H11NO and the molecular weight is 89.14. It is a colorless and transparent liquid with dual properties of amines and alcohols.
2.2 Physical Properties
| parameters | value |
|---|---|
| Boiling point | 134-136°C |
| Melting point | -59°C |
| Density | 0.89 g/cm³ |
| Flashpoint | 40°C |
| Solution | Easy soluble in water, |
2.3 Chemical Properties
DMEA is alkaline and can react with acid to form a salt. In addition, it can react with epoxy resin, polyurethane, etc. to form a crosslinked structure, thereby improving the mechanical properties of the material.
3. Mechanism of DMEA on plastic toughening
3.1 Toughening Mechanism
DMEA mainly toughens plastics through the following two methods:
- Softening of Molecular Chain: The hydroxyl groups and amine groups in DMEA molecules can interact with the plastic molecular chains, increasing the flexibility of the molecular chains, thereby improving the toughness of the material.
- Crosslinking reaction: DMEA can crosslink with certain functional groups in plastics to form a three-dimensional network structure to enhance the strength and toughness of the material.
3.2 Factors influencing toughening effect
| Factor | Impact |
|---|---|
| DMEA addition amount | Add to the appropriate amount can significantly improve toughness, and excessive amounts may cause the material to become brittle |
| Plastic Type | Different plastics respond differently to DMEA |
| Processing Temperature | Over high temperature may lead to DMEA decomposition, affecting toughening effect |
| Processing time | The short time may cause DMEA to be insufficiently responded |
4. Experimental part
4.1 Experimental Materials
| Materials | Specifications |
|---|---|
| Polypropylene (PP) | Industrial grade |
| Polyethylene (PE) | Industrial grade |
| Polycarbonate (PC) | Industrial grade |
| DMEA | Purity ?99% |
4.2 Experimental Equipment
| Equipment | Model |
|---|---|
| Twin screw extruder | SJ-45 |
| Injection molding machine | HTF80 |
| Universal Material Testing Machine | WDW-100 |
| Impact Tester | XJJ-5 |
4.3 Experimental steps
- Ingredients: Add DMEA to PP, PE, PC in different proportions (0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%) and mix evenly.
- Extrusion granulation: Use a twin-screw extruder to extrude and granulate the mixture, and the extrusion temperature is controlled at 180-220°C.
- Injection Molding: Use an injection molding machine to inject the pellets into standard samples, and the injection molding temperature is controlled at 200-240°C.
- Property Test: Perform performance tests on the sample such as tensile strength, impact strength, elongation of break.
4.4 Experimental results
4.4.1 Tensile Strength
| DMEA addition amount | PP Tensile Strength (MPa) | PE tensile strength (MPa) | PC Tensile Strength (MPa) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0% | 35 | 25 | 65 |
| 0.5% | 37 | 27 | 67 |
| 1% | 39 | 29 | 69 |
| 1.5% | 38 | 28 | 68 |
| 2% | 36 | 26 | 66 |
4.4.2 Impact strength
| DMEA addition amount | PP impact strength (kJ/m²) | PE impact strength (kJ/m²) | PC impact strength (kJ/m²) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0% | 5 | 10 | 15 |
| 0.5% | 6 | 12 | 17 |
| 1% | 7 | 14 | 19 |
| 1.5% | 6.5 | 13 | 18 |
| 2% | 6 | 11 | 16 |
4.4.3 Elongation of break
| DMEA addition amount | PP elongation rate (%) | PE elongation rate (%) | PC elongation rate (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0% | 200 | 500 | 100 |
| 0.5% | 220 | 550 | 120 |
| 1% | 240 | 600 | 140 |
| 1.5% | 230 | 580 | 130 |
| 2% | 210 | 520 | 110 |
4.5 Results Analysis
From the experimental results, it can be seen that the addition of DMEA has significantly improved the tensile strength, impact strength and elongation of break of the plastic. Among them, 1% DMEA is effective in adding, and excessive addition may lead to a decline in material performance.
5. Application Cases
5.1 Auto Parts
In the manufacturing of automotive parts, plastics have high toughness requirements. By adding DMEA, the impact resistance of plastic parts can be significantly improved and the service life can be extended.
5.2 Electronics and Electrical Appliances
The plastic shells in electronic and electrical products need to have good toughness and strength. The addition of DMEA can improve the anti-fall performance of the plastic shell and reduce the damage rate.
5.3 Packaging Materials
Packaging materials need to have good toughness and tear resistance. The addition of DMEA can improve the tear resistance of packaging materials and extend the service life.
6. Conclusion
DMEA, as an effective plastic toughening agent, significantly improves the tensile strength, impact strength and elongation of break through the softening and cross-linking reaction of the molecular chain. The experimental results show that the dose effect of 1% DMEA is addedGood fruit, excessive addition may lead to degradation of material properties. DMEA has broad application prospects in the fields of automotive parts, electronics and electrical appliances and packaging materials.
7. Future Outlook
In the future, the synergy between DMEA and other toughening agents can be further studied and its application effects in more plastic types can be explored. In addition, the performance changes of DMEA under different processing conditions can be studied, the processing technology can be optimized, and the toughening effect of plastics can be further improved.
The above content is a study of the effect of DMEA dimethylamine on plastic toughening, covering product parameters, experimental methods, result analysis and application cases. It is rich in content and clear in structure. I hope it will be helpful to readers.
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