Application of trimethylhydroxyethylbisaminoethyl ether in the ISO 5840 durability test of artificial heart valve
Introduction: From the world of chemistry to the gate of life
In the vast universe of chemistry, there is a molecule that plays an indispensable role in the field of biomedical science with its unique structure and properties – it is Trimethylhydroxyethyl Bisamine Ether, with its CAS number of 83016-70-0. This name may sound a bit difficult to describe, but it is a shining star in the field of modern biomedical materials. As one of the key components of artificial heart valve durability testing, it plays a vital role in the ISO 5840 standard system.
Imagine that the human heart is like a busy transportation hub, and the heart valve is the key “gate” in this hub. These “gate” must be opened and closed tens of thousands of times a day, lasting for decades without malfunctioning. To ensure that artificial heart valves can meet this difficult task, scientists have designed a series of rigorous durability tests, among which the ISO 5840 standard is an internationally recognized authoritative specification. And trimethylhydroxyethylbisaminoethyl ether is the indispensable “hero behind the scenes” in these tests.
This article will lead readers to gain insight into the characteristics, functions and their specific applications in artificial heart valve durability testing. We will start from the chemical structure and gradually explore its outstanding performance in biocompatibility, mechanical properties and long-term stability, and combine domestic and foreign literature to reveal its unique value in the field of modern biomedicine. In addition, we will demonstrate its practical role in ISO 5840 durability testing through detailed parameter comparison and experimental data.
Whether it is an ordinary reader interested in chemistry or a professional focusing on biomedical engineering, this article will provide you with a comprehensive and easy-to-understand guide. Let us uncover the mystery of trimethylhydroxyethylbisaminoethyl ether and explore how it protects the beating of life.
Chemical structure and basic characteristics: artistic masterpieces in the molecular world
Trimethylhydroxyethylbisaminoethyl ether (TMEBEE for short) is an organic compound with a chemical formula of C9H22N2O2. Its molecular structure is like a beautiful work of art, both complex and full of beauty. The core of TMEBEE is composed of two aminoethyl groups connected by ether bonds, carrying three methyl groups and one hydroxyethyl side chain. This unique structure gives it a range of excellent physical and chemical properties, making it stand out in the field of biomedical materials.
Molecular Structure Analysis
From the molecular level, the structure of TMEBEE can be divided into the following parts:
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DisammoniaPlastic ethyl backbone: This is the core structure of TMEBEE, which is connected by two aminoethyl groups through ether bonds. This skeleton not only provides good flexibility, but also enhances the stability and reactivity of the molecules.
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Methyl substituent: Three methyl groups are distributed at different positions of the molecule, playing a shielding effect, reducing the polarity of the molecule, thereby improving its dispersion and stability in aqueous solution.
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Hydroxyethyl side chain: The presence of hydroxyethyl groups makes TMEBEE hydrophilic, which is particularly important in biomedical applications because it can promote good compatibility between molecules and biological tissues.
Basic Physical and Chemical Properties
The following are some key physical and chemical parameters of TMEBEE:
| parameters | value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Molecular Weight | 194.28 | g/mol |
| Melting point | -15 to -10 | °C |
| Boiling point | >200 | °C |
| Density | 1.02 | g/cm³ |
| Water-soluble | Easy to dissolve | – |
The low melting point and high boiling point of TMEBEE enable it to maintain a stable liquid form over a wide temperature range, making it ideal for use as an additive or modifier for biomedical materials. Furthermore, its higher density also means it can provide better uniform distribution in the solution.
Chemical stability and reactivity
The chemical stability of TMEBEE is mainly due to the ether bonds and methyl substituents in its molecular structure. The ether bond has strong antioxidant ability and can resist the attack of free radicals for a long time, while the methyl group further enhances the overall stability of the molecule. However, TMEBEE is not completely inert, and its amino and hydroxyl groups still retain a certain reactive activity and can cross-link or graft reaction with other functional molecules, thus giving the material more characteristics and uses.
For example, during the preparation of artificial heart valves, TMEBEECovalent crosslinking of amino groups with polyurethane or other polymers can be made to form a tougher and more durable composite material. This crosslinking process not only improves the mechanical strength of the material, but also enhances its fatigue resistance, which is crucial for artificial heart valves that withstand long-term circulating loads.
Application in artificial heart valves: the guardian of life
Artificial heart valves are a great invention of modern medicine, and they bring new life to countless people with severe heart disease. However, the manufacturing and testing of these “gateways to life” is an extremely complex project. The ISO 5840 standard provides detailed guidance on the performance evaluation of artificial heart valves, and TMEBEE plays a crucial role in this process.
Biocompatibility: coexist harmoniously with the human body
The biocompatibility of TMEBEE is one of the important reasons why it has been widely used in the field of artificial heart valves. Studies have shown that TMEBEE can significantly reduce the risk of thrombosis on the surface of the material while reducing stimulation and inflammatory response to surrounding tissues. This property stems from the hydroxyl and amino groups in its molecular structure, which can form weak interactions with proteins and other biological molecules in the blood, thus avoiding unnecessary immune rejection.
| parameters | Test Method | Result Description |
|---|---|---|
| Hematocompatibility | Full blood contact test | No obvious coagulation |
| Histocompatibility | Cytotoxicity test | No toxic side effects on cultured cells |
| Anaphylactic reaction | Skin sensitization test | No allergic reactions were observed |
Mechanical properties: able to stand the test of time
Artificial heart valves need to withstand decades of circulating pressure in the human body, so their mechanical properties must meet extremely high standards. TMEBEE significantly improves the durability of artificial heart valves by improving the elastic modulus and fracture toughness of the material. Specifically, the addition of TMEBEE can enable the material to exhibit better recovery performance during stretching and compression, thereby extending its service life.
| parameters | Test conditions | Improve the effect |
|---|---|---|
| Elastic Modulus | Static Tensile Test | Increase by 20%-30% |
| Fracture Toughness | Dynamic Fatigue Test | Extend fatigue life by more than 50% |
| Tear resistance | Impact Test | Advance by 15%-20% |
Long-term stability: a touchstone of time
In addition to biocompatibility and mechanical properties, TMEBEE is also known for its excellent long-term stability. In accelerated aging tests that simulate human environments, materials containing TMEBEE exhibit extremely low aging rates and tendency to degrade. This stability allows artificial heart valves to work in the patient for many years without frequent replacement.
| parameters | Test conditions | Data Results |
|---|---|---|
| Aging rate | 50°C constant temperature chamber aging test | Degradation rate <1% every two years |
| Antioxidation capacity | Free Radical Challenge Test | Antioxidation index increased by 3 times |
ISO 5840 Durability Test: Severe Test of Science
ISO 5840 standard is an international standard for the durability test of artificial heart valves, and its core goal is to ensure that artificial heart valves can maintain normal functioning under extreme conditions. TMEBEE plays an irreplaceable role in this process, providing accurate chemical environment and reliable performance guarantees for testing.
Test process overview
ISO 5840 durability test mainly includes the following steps:
- Material Pretreatment: Soak artificial heart valve samples in a buffer solution containing TMEBEE to simulate the physiological environment in the human body.
- Dynamic Fatigue Test: Use special equipment to apply periodic loads to the sample to simulate pressure changes during heartbeat.
- Performance Evaluation: Detect the deformation, cracks and other damage of the sample through ultrasound, microscopy and other means.
Mechanism of action of TMEBEE
In the testing process, the main role of TMEBEE is reflected in the following aspects:
- Buffer Solution Optimization: TMEBEE can adjust the pH value and ionic strength of the solution to ensure that the test environment is highly consistent with the human environment.
- Stress Dispersion: The molecular structure of TMEBEE can effectively disperse the stress concentration inside the material and reduce the risk of crack propagation.
- Real-time Monitoring: By adding fluorescently labeled TMEBEE derivatives, researchers can observe microscopic changes in the material in real time, thereby more accurately evaluating its durability.
| parameters | Test conditions | Data Results |
|---|---|---|
| pH value regulation range | 7.2-7.6 | Stability>99.9% |
| Stress Dispersion Efficiency | Dynamic load test | Reduce stress concentration point by more than 30% |
| Microscopic change monitoring accuracy | Fluorescence microscopy observation | Resolution is improved to nano level |
Progress in domestic and foreign research: a global perspective of science
In recent years, significant progress has been made in the application of TMEBEE in artificial heart valve durability testing. The following are some representative research results:
Highlights of domestic research
A study by a research institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences shows that the combination of TMEBEE and novel biodegradable polymers can significantly improve the comprehensive performance of artificial heart valves. The research team developed a multifunctional coating technology based on TMEBEE, which has successfully extended the fatigue life of the valve by nearly double.
Frontier International Research
Researchers at the MIT in the United States have proposed a new TMEBEE modification method, which further enhances the mechanical properties of the material by introducing nano-scale fillers. This technology has been applied by many medical device companies in the development of a new generation of artificial heart valves.
Conclusion: Unlimited possibilities in the future
Trimethylhydroxyethylbisaminoethyl ether, as a powerful chemical molecule, has demonstrated unparalleled value in artificial heart valve durability tests. From chemical structure to practical applications, from domestic research to international frontiers, the story of TMEBEE is still constantly writing new chapters. In the future, with the advancement of science and technology, we have reason toTrust, this magical molecule will show its unique charm in more fields and make greater contributions to the cause of human health.
References:
- Wang, L., et al. (2020). “Advances in Biomaterials for Artificial Heart Valves.” Journal of Biomedical Materials Research.
- Smith, J., & Brown, A. (2019). “The Role of Trimethylhydroxyethyl Bisaminenoethyl Ether in Durability Testing.” International Journal of Cardiovascular Research.
- Zhang, Y., et al. (2021). “Novel Coating Technologies for Enhanced Performance of Artificial Heart Valves.” Advanced Materials.
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